Comparison study of effects of rhizoma drynariae and estrogen on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the therapeutic effects of Rhizoma Drynariae and estrogen on osteoporosis in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-five female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, the normal control (normal),the sham operated (sham), the model, the estrogen, and the Rhizoma drynariae (RD) groups; ovariectomized rats were used as postmenopausal osteoporosis model. The changes of morphology and dynamic parameters in different groups were determined by bone histomorphometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the model group, the trabecular volume (TBV/TTV) , trabecular thickness (MTPT) and density (MTPD) in the other four groups were significantly increased, while the trabecular template spacing (MTPS) and the ratio of trabecular surface to trabecular volume (TBS/TBV) significantly decreased (P <0. 05); and the osteoid surface (TOS), single label surface [Sfract (s) ] ,double label surface [Sfract (d) ] and bone formation rate (Svf) also decreased,while osteoid maturation period (OMP) increased in the latter four groups. No significant difference of cortical width (MCW) was found between these 5 groups. Compared with the normal and sham groups, TOS, Sfract ( s) , Sfract ( d) , Svf in the estrogen and RD groups increased significantly, while OMP decreased; no significant difference was found in other parameters.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rhizoma Drynariae has the similar effect with estrogen in maintaining normal trabecular structure and connection by inhibiting the increased bone turnover of postmenopausal osteoporosis.</p>

Comparative study on effect of Tripterygium polyglycosides on mucous immune function of rat models of arthritis induced by collagen II and by adjuvant / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of Tripterygium polyglycosides (TWP) on mucous immune function in rat models of arthritis induced respectively with collagen-II induced arthritis (CIA) & adjuvant arthritis (AA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CIA and AA model rats were induced by immunization with collagen II emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant and complete Freund's adjuvant respectively and treated with TWP. Rats' mucus, systemic immunological indexes (peripheral subsets of T cells), local inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-alpha, COX-2,and NF-kappaB, etc. ) were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In CIA model group, CD4+ in Peyer's Patch (PP), peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ positive T cells all raised, while in the AA model group, CD4+ lowered and CD8+ raised on PP, with both subsets increased. Effects of TWP on T lymphocyte subsets in PP and blood of the two models were different. High leveled IL-6, TNF-alpha, COX-2 and NF-kappaB expression could be seen in both model groups, and these inflammatory media could be inhibited by TWP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There exist similarities and differences between the two models in aspects of mucus immune response and effect of TWP on them.</p>

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of cyanidin from cherries on rat adjuvant-induced arthritis / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the possible antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of cyanidin from cherries on adjuvant induced arthritis (AA) in SD rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Arthritis was induced by the complete Freud's adjuvant in male Sprague Dauley rats and assessed based on paw swelling. Rats were randomly divided into normal group (NM), adjuvant arthritis group (AA) and three cyanidin-treated groups in high dosage (HA), middle dosage (MA), and low dosage (LA). The morphological changes in the hind limbs were conducted under a light microscope. We detected glutathione (GSH) in whole blood and malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) activity in serum by special kits to assess the antioxidant effects of cyanidin on AA. Moreover, the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in paw tissues were determined by radioimmunoassay and TNF-alpha levels in serum were determined using ELISA kits specific for rat.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The cyanidin could protect against the paws swelling in AA rats. From the day 14 after AA induction, the swellings of the cyanidin treated groups at high dosage and low dosage were significantly reduced compared with the model group (P < 0.05, 0.01). Histological examination of sections through the hind limbs revealed alleviation of inflammatory reaction in the joint after the treatment. The cyanidin at high and low dosage could increase the GSH, SOD activity and T-AOC levels in whole blood or serums and decrease MDA in AA rats (P < 0.01). The cyanidin could decrease the PGE2 levels in paw tissues and the TNF-alpha levels in serum at high and low dosages (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cyanidin could protect against the paws swelling in AA rats, and alleviate the inflammatory reaction in the joint, and the mechanism might be via the increase activity of GSH, SOD and T-AOC that improve the total antioxidative capacity and scavenge the free radicals, perhaps as a result of that the levels of the PGE2 in paw tissues and TNF-alpha contents in serum were decreased. The results suggest that the cyanidin from cherries could be one of the potential candidates for the alleviation of arthritis.</p>

Effect of nylestriol on bone remodeling in ovariectomized rats / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To clarify the effects of nylestriol on microarchitecture and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA expression in tibial bone in ovariectomized rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>30 female rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups: sham, OVX and nylestriol-treated group. Nylestriol-treated group were ovariectomized, then fed with nylestriol for 3 months and the bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in lumbar vertebra by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. After sacrifice of the animal, bone histomorphometric parameters were measured to study the changes in bone microarchitecture, and RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of IL-6 mRNA in bone tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>BMD was significantly reduced, while IL-6 mRNA level elevated in the OVX group compared with the sham group. Static histomorphometric data showed that the trabecular bone volume, mean trabecular plate thickness and density were reduced while the mean trabecular plate space elevated remarkably in the OVX group in comparison with that in the sham group. As for dynamic parameters, trabecular osteoid surface, tetracyclin labeled surface and bone turnover rate were increased while osteoid maturation rate decreased significantly in the OVX group compared with the sham group. BMD, IL-6 mRNA expression and bone histomorphometric parameters were improved in nylestriol-treated rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nylestriol plays an important role in maintaining bone volume and improving bone microarchitecture by markedly inhibiting bone turnover and bone resorption, which might be to some degree attributed to reduced IL-6 expression.</p>

Repairation of bone and skin defect in leg with vascularized tibial bone-skin flap graft / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of tibial bone-skin flap grafts in the management of se- vere traumatic osteomyelitis complicated with bone and skin defect in leg to avoid amputation.Methods From March 1998 to Aug.2004,12 cases of the traumatic osteomyelitis complicated with bone and skin defect in leg were treated with vascularized tibial bone-skin flap graft.The longest flap was 17cm,widethest 10cm, The longest bone flap was 12cm.They were followed up for 0.6 to 5 years.Results All the tibial bone-skin flaps survived completely,2 cases of osteomyelitis recurred.The followed-up,from 0.5 to five years,showed good bone union in all cases,averageing 15 weeks.The infection was under control.The leg function and con- tour were satisfactory.Conclusion The tibial bone-skin flap has the advantages of having distinguished sign of anatomy,highly vascularized,easy to obtain,simply and flexible procedure,improving circulation,short- ens hospitalization and suitable for treatment of traumatic osteomyelitis complicated with bone and skin defect in leg.