ABSTRACT
Objective To construct a rat model of inflammatory pain by injecting complete Freund' adjuvant (CFA) to study effects of volatile oil of Acori Graminei Rhizoma on the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and immediate early gene c-fos in the basal lateral amygdale (BLA) of the inflammatory pain rats. Methods Thirty-six adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups; control group, sham group, CFA group, CFA+ 5 g/( kg · day) volatile oil of Acori Graminei Rhizoma group, CFA+10 g/(kg · day) volatile oil of Acori Graminei Rhizoma group, CFA+20 g/(kg · day) volatile oil of Acori Graminei Rhizoma group, six rats in each group were taken gavage for 21 days. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting methods were used to detect the expressions of GFAP and c-fos in the BLA of all rats. Results Immunofluorescence and Western blotting results showed that compared with the control group, the positive expression of GFAP and c-fos in the BLA of the CFA rats were significantly increased (P<0.01). After treatment of the volatile oil from Acori Graminei Rhizoma, the positive expressions of GFAP and c-fos were reduced compared to the CFA group, as well as the expression levels were decreased in the dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). Compared with the low dose group, the positive expression of GFAP and c-fos of high dose group were decreased significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion The volatile oil fraction from Acori Graminei Rhizoma could reduce the expressions of GFAP and c-fos the BLA of CFA-induced chronic inflammatory pain model rats.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis of married women of reproductive age in the rural area of Shandong province and its affecting factors, with an aim to provide references for setting up preventing measures for this disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A stratified, population-based, cluster sampling method was employed. The epidemiological investigation on bacterial vaginosis of married women of reproductive age was carried out at four sampling fields.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was 6.64%. The main risk factors included: lacked of personal bathtub and towel; did not use sterilized paper on menstrual phase; had no knowledge that gonorrhea, syphilis, AIDS, and trichomonal vaginitis can be transmitted through sexual intercourse.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in married women of reproductive age in Shandong rural area is high, which correlates with the lower education level, limited health knowledge, and unhealthy behavior.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , China , Epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Rural Health , Vaginosis, Bacterial , EpidemiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the prevalence of child-bearing age women with reproductive tract infection (RTI) and related risk factors in the rural area of Shandong so as to develop measurements on prevention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four communities were randomly selected based on economic levels and a baseline investigation on RTI was carried out.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total prevalence rate of RTI was 47.57% with breakdown for four communities-Zhucheng, Zhangqiu, Daiyue and Wudi as 53.91%, 41.49%, 48.37%, 44.88% respectively. Nearly 60% of women at child-bearing age were ignorant on sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Risk factors of RTI would include incorrect perineum cleanout, bad habit of sexual intercourse and low education level of the husbands.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High prevalence of RTI was associated with low level of education, lack of awareness on STD related hygiene and low rate of seeing doctor for RTI disorder in those women. The results of this study would benefit to the development of intervention measurement of RTI.</p>