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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of polymer in cefatrizine propylene glycol. METHODS:High performance sephadex gel chromatography was performed on the column of Sephadex G-10 with mobile phase A of 0.01 mol/L phosphate buffer [0.01 mol/L Disodium hydrogen phosphate solution-0.01 mol/L Sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution (61∶39,V/V)](pH7.0)and mobile phase B of water at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 254 nm,column temperature was 30℃,and volume injection was 200μl. RESULTS:The linear range of polymer was 2.07-103.30 mg/ml(r=0.999 4);the limit of quantitation of 10.4 ng,limit of detection was 4.1 ng;RSDs of precision and reprodicibility tests were lower than 3%. CONCLUSIONS:The method is specific with high sensitivity and good reproducibility,and can be used for the content determination of polymer in active pharmacentical ingredient cefatrizine propylene glycol.
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Objective To investigate the length of preserved ileocecum in surgical treatment of slow transit constipation ( STC) by sub-total colectomy with antiperistaltic cecorectal anastomosis .Methods A total of 82 patients with STC were divided into two groups according to the random number table method ,with 41 cases in each group ,all the patients of the two groups underwent subtotal colectomy ,intraopera-tive ileocecum was preserved length of group A was 10~15 cm,group B was 2~3 cm.The operation time,intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative exhaust time and length of hospital stay were compared .Wexner constipation score and gastrointestinal quality of life index ,ab-dominal pain ,frequency score and emptying time of ileocecus before and after 6 months and 12 months between the two groups were com-pared.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the operation time ,intraoperative bleeding volume ,postoperative exhaust time and hospitalization time of two groups (P>0.05).Wexner constipation score,abdominal pain,frequency score of the two groups after 6 months and 12 months decreased significantly (P<0.05,P<0.01),of which the group B was lower than that of the group A (P<0.05,P<0.01). The gastrointestinal quality of life index after operation significantly increased (P<0.01),of which the group B was higher than that of the group A (P<0.01).Ileocecal emptying time of the group B 12 months after operation was shorter than that of the group A (P<0.01),the differences were statistically significant .Conclusion Subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecorectal anastomosis is an effective method to treat STC,which can reduce the length of preserved ileocecum and improve the prognosis of patients .
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Objective To quantify the prevalence of dyslipidemia among children and adolescents in China.Methods Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM),Wanfang Databases,China National Knowledge Infrastructme (CNKI) and PubMed were comprehensively searched.Original reports were selected if data on prevalence estimates of dyslipdemia among children and adolescents in China,was provided under cross-sectional epidemiological studies.Quality of the literature was evaluated through the STROBE statement.The prevalence through Meta was estimated using the Strata 11.0 software.Subgroup analysis was undertaken on gender,age,regions and secular trends issues.Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of quality or standard of diagnosis.Results A total of 24 papers were included in this Meta-analysis,with the whole sample size as 129 426.The overall pooled-prevalence of total dsylipidemia was estimated at 25.3％ (95％ CI:12.7％-37.8％).Prevalence rates of high TC,LDL-C,TG,low HDL-C and hyperlipemia were 4.1％ (95％ CI:3.4％-4.9％),5.3％ (95％ CI:3.9％-6.7％),8.5％ (95％ CI:6.3％-10.7％),6.8％ (95％ CI:3.7％-9.9％),4.8％ (95％CI:0.6％-9.1％),respectively.Girls (3.4％) had lower prevalence of high TG than boys (5.6％),but having higher prevalence of other different types dyslipidemia.Children aged 7-18 years had higher overall prevalence of dyslipidemia (31.6％)when compared to children aged 2-6 years (9.0％).There were no statistically significant differences for subgroups of age,region and period regarding the prevalence rates of high TG,TC and low HDL-C (P＞0.05).Conclusion Prevalence of dyslipidemia was high and with increasing trend among children and adolescents in China.Early screening and prevention programs on abnormal serum lipids should be emphasized and promoted.
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Objective To assess the cardiovascular structure and function in children with confirmed primary hypertension,and to explore the impact of hypertension and related risk factors on cardiovascular structure and function of children.Methods Parameters related to cardiac structure,vascular structure and function were measured in 213 hypertensive children,who were confirmed upon repeated measurements on separate occasions.A total of 197 healthy children were recruited as controls.Results 1) In hypertensive children,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd),left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESd),left ventricular mass (LVM),left ventricular mass index (LVMI),left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPT) and interventricular septal thickness (IVST) were all significantly higher than their counterparts (P＜0.05).No statistical differences were found in carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT),relative wall thickness (RWT) and brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV).2) Compared with controls,LVEDd,LVESd,LVM,LVMI were all significantly higher in hypertensive children (P＜0.05),regardless of age group or weight-status.No statistical differences were found in ccIMT and RWT,while ba-PWV was statistically higher in controls among children aged 6-12 years.3) Data from multiple linear regression analysis noticed that LVMI was associated with age,sex,BMI and hypertension while RWT was associated with age and BMI.Conclusion In children with primary hypertension,changes of vascular structure and function were not shown but left ventricular remodeling and early changes of function had been developed in children under 12 years old.
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Objective To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Chinese children and adolescents to provide scientific basis for early prevention of MS in the related populations.Methods Studies on CNKI,Wanfangdata,VIP and PubMed databases on related prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Chinese children and adolescents between 2004-2014 were searched.Quality of literatures was evaluated according to the cross-sectional study standard in Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement.Stata 12.0 software was used to estimate the prevalence of MS,as well as on gender,weight and other factors to make subgroup analysis.According to funnel plot and Egger assess publication bias,sensitivity analysis performed by excluding the impact of any article was generated by the combined effect of the value of literature.Results This study included 19 papers from the literature (5 in English,14 in Chinese).According to International Diabetes Federation (IDF),National Cholesterol Education Program Ⅲ (NCEP Ⅲ) and The definition and prevention recommends of metabolic syndrome in Chinese children and adolescents (CHN2012),the prevalence rates of MS in Chinese children were seen as 1.8％,2.6％ and 2.0％.According to IDF,the prevalence rates of MS appeared 2.9％ in boys and 1.8％ in girls,0.2％ in children with normal weight,4.7％ in overweight and 17.3％ in obesity.Both the results from NCEP Ⅲ and CHN2012 showed that the prevalence rates of MS as boys＞girls,obesity＞overweight＞normal weight.Conclusion Prevalence of MS in Chinese children and adolescents showed a general trend.Data under different standards showed different prevalence rates.Obesity appeared an important risk factor of MS,suggesting that in order to control obesity in children,attention should be paid to identifying and carrying out effective interventions on children under overweight or obesity.
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Carbon nanotubes are a novel kind of nano-materials, and contribute to modify electrodes using their good capacity of electric transmission. Furthermore, carbon nanotubes may reduce the overpotential caused by the oxidation-reduction reaction of chemical materials, and ameliorate the oxidation-reduction reversibility of the biomolecules; Their wide specific surface area leads to enzyme immobilization and promote the electric transmission between enzyme active center and electrode surface; Functionalized carbon nanotubes bonding with various biomolecules will benefit to fix these biomolecules on the electrode surface. With the development of preparation and purification techniques, carbon nanotubes may widen the prospect of biosensors applied. The aim of this paper is to summarize and analyze the application, research status and development tendency of carbon nanotubes with regard to biosensors. Moreover, this paper reviews various carbon nanotubes modified oxidase biosensors, such as adsorption, paste, array and covalent bond, together with their application on DNA biosensor. The preparation, characteristics and research status of various sensors are also summarized.
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Objective: To apply fuzzy clustering analysis to determination of 10 inorganic elements and Cu/Zn ratio in 13 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine cured for vascular disease. Methods: By FAAS (flame atomic absorption spectrometry) sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, chromium, nickel, manganese, copper and zinc were determined. By range analysis, correlation coefficients and relative fuzzy matrix were calculated.Results: Correlation coeffieients ? were mostly in the range of 0.55～0.80, especially ?=0.95 between Buzhangnaoxintong Capsule and Xinbao Pill. Conclusion: On condition that trace and macro elements are relatively rich and clustering correlation coefficients are larger, therapentic effects among traditional Chinese medicines cured for vascular disease are also similar. This suggests that trace elements, macro elements and Cu/Zn ratio have much to do with therapeutic effect.