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Objective To investigate the effects of chrysin(ChR) on the induction of differentiation and apoptosis-promoting of HepG 2 human primary hepatocacinoma cells. Methods The HepG 2 cells were cultured in vitro, and then treated with ChR and all-trans retinotic Acid (RA), respectively, the alterations of nucleocytoplasm and tubulin arrangement after Gimsa staining and Coomassie brilliant blue staining were observed. The survival rate and the inhibitory rates of HepG 2 cells were determine by trypan blue counting method and MTT assay. The Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) secretory amounts of the cells were detected by radioimmunoassay(RIA). The activities of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) andγ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GT) were assayed by enzymatic reaction kit. The synthesis of tyrosine-α-ketoglutaric acid transaminase(TAT) in cells were investigated by Diamondstone spectrophotometry. Results After treatment with ChR or RA at 1.0~100μmol/L for 48 h, the proliferation of HepG 2 cells were inhibited significantly, compared with vehicle group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the inhibitory potency of both ChR and RA on HepG 2 cells was equivalent and indicated in dose-dependent manner. After treatment with 10μmol/L ChR or RA for 48 h, HepG 2 cells disaggregated and grew to spindle-shape, their nuclei became smaller and the number of nucleolus were fewer. Furthermore, tubulin arrangement of cells tended to be more ordered and the tubulin synthesis increased significantly. At 24~96 hours treated with 10μmol/L ChR, the activities of TAT and ALP in cells were all increased distinctly (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the secretory amounts of AFP and the specific activities ofγ-GT were decreased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Chrysin can inhibit the proliferation of HepG 2 cells and induce them to differentiate to mature cells.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the mortality and epidemiological pattern of dementia and its various major subtypes among urban and rural senior residents in Beijing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on Beijing's dementia prevalence survey among residents aged 55 years and above in 1997, respondents were selected by stratified multiple-stage cluster sampling and 12 urban communities and 17 rural village communities were randomly sampled then follow-up in 2001. COX regression was used to analyze relative risks controlling confounding factors on deaths of dementia cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mortality of dement patients in the 55-64 age-group was 0.82/100 person-year. The age-standardized mortality of dement cases was 0.90/100 person-year. The mortality in the 65 and above age-group was 1.44/100 person-year, and the age-standardized mortality was 1.56/100 person-year. Among AD cases, the above two mortalities were 0.35/100 and 0.42/100 person-year respectively, and among VaD cases, 0.34/100 and 0.36/100 person-year respectively. For both AD and VaD cases, their mortality increased with age. Region, gender and age were more significant to survival of AD cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>One major subtype of dementia, AD, among elderly urban and rural residents in Beijing, has a different mortality and epidemiological pattern from VaD.</p>
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Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases , Mortality , Cause of Death , China , Epidemiology , Dementia , Mortality , Neoplasms , Mortality , Prevalence , Respiratory Tract Diseases , Mortality , Rural Population , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
Objective To study the distribution of Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)scores in terms of age and educational level in Chinese residents aged 50 years and over and to offer a benchmark for a cutoff score.Methods A total of 281 residents aged 50 years or older was drawn randomly in the urban areas of Beijing,including 215 healthy elderly controls(NC)and 66 patients meeting the clinical criteria of mild cognitive impairment(MCI).The final scores for MoCA were given in the form of mean percentage distributions specific for age,sex and educational level so as to compare the validity of MMSE mini-mental state examination and MoCA in detecting MCI.By a fitting muhiple regression model the influenee of the factors on MMSE and MoCA was assessed.Results Using a cutoff score of 26.MMSE had a sensitivity of 24.2%to detect MCI.whereas MoCA detected 92.4%of the MCI subiects.We found a bivariate correlation between MoCA scores and both the factors of age and educational level(P＜0.001).Conclusions MoCA iS a brief cognitive screening tool with high sensitivity and specificity for detecting MCI as currently conceptualized in patients performing normally on MMSE.Our adiustment in the cutoff scores would improve the detection of MCI and Alzheimer'S disease by reducing the number of false negatives.MoCA scores should be used to identify current cognitive difficulties but not to make formal diagnoses.
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Objective:Both URL and MPCNL have been widely applied in the treatment of ureteral calculi.In this study,the safety,efficiency and degree of injury were compared between retrograde and antegrade access ureterolithotripsy for the calculi complicated with infection,in order to clarify the indications of the two types of minimally invasive techniques.Methods:A total of 192 patients with upper ureteral calculi complicated with infection were treated with ureterolithotripsy.The operation was performed via retrograde transurethral access in 72 patients and via antegrade percutaneous nephrostomy tract in 120 patients.Results:The success rate of retrograde approach was 93.1%.Mean operating time was 45.9?16.5min(20-90 min) with mean hospital stay of 5.1?1.8(2-6) days.The stone free rate was 84.7%(61/72) at 1 month follow-up.5 patients with residual calculi required combined ESWL.Complications were noted in 5.6%,CRP was 10.59?5.12 mg/L before operation,and was 38.63?4.61 mg/L 24h after the operation.The success rate of antegrade approach was 99.2%.Mean operating time was 62.4?17.6 min(40-120 min) with mean hospital stay of 8.57?2.57(5-15) days.The stone free rate was 100% and 1 complication was noted(0.01%).CRP was 11.29?5.38 mg/L before the operation,34.93?7.82 mg/L 24h after the operation.For the success rate and stone free rate,antegrade approach was higher than retrograde approach(P0.05)between the two groups before operation,but antegrade approach had lower CRP(P
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Current situation and existed problems on bilingual teaching of molecular biology in medicine in our university were described in brief in present paper.According to actual teaching conditions of our university,and the developmental tendency on bilingual teaching in our state,some suggestions on promoting bilingual teaching of molecular biology in medicine,such as,bilingual teaching materials selection,course arrangement,teaching methods reformation,teachers training etc,were provided.
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Objective To study the efficacy and safety of entacapone as an adjunct to levodopa treatment in pakinsonian patients with wearing-off motor fluctuations. Methods A total 209 pakinsonian patients with end-of-dose deterioration participated in a multi-center,12-weeks randomized,placebo-controlled,double blind,parallel-group trial.The efficacy of entacapone was assessed using the patient’s diary card,the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UODRS) score,the daily levodopa dosage,and the global assessment of changes.Results 96.2% of the entacapone and 92.4% of the placebo-treated patients completed the study.In 209 cases of the ITT population,in comparison to the placebo-treated patients,entacapone had increased the mean “on” time (h/d) from 7.4?1.8 in base-line to 9.1?2.5 in week 12,decreased the “fof” time (from 6.8?2.2 in base-line to 5.2?2.8 in week 12),improved the motor scores (from 36.7?11.3 in base-line to 30.0?14.4 in week 12),and reduced the levodopa dose (from 589.2?264.3 in base-line to 561.5?248.1 in week 4). The improvement was also evident on impression of successful treatment for 69.9% of neurologists through global change assessment.There was no significant difference in the frequency of dopaminergic adverse events and serious laboratory abnormalities between entacapone and placebo groups.Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that entacapone,the COMT inhibitor is a safe and effective extender of levodopa treatment for Parkinson’s disease patients with motor flucturations.