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Objective:To explore the early diagnosis and correct treatment of neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) and review the literature.Method:Retrospective analysis was performed in six patients diagnosed as NPE who were admitted to the emergency department of Tianjin Third Central Hospital from March 2017 to March 2021.Results:Six patients had acute onset, presenting severe dyspnea and hypoxemia, and obvious wet rales could be heard in both lungs. The white blood cell count (WBC) increased to varying degrees (11-22)×10 9/L, procalcitonin (PCT) was normal, or slightly increased, sputum bacteriological examination was negative, and oxygenation index was < 200 mmHg (1 mmHg≈0.133 kPa). Chest CT mainly showed patchy or patchy exudation. The lesions were of different sizes and were not distributed according to lobes. By reducing intracranial pressure, ventilator assisted breathing, liquid therapy, anti-infection therapy with antibiotics, nutritional support, all six patients were well and discharged, and no one died of NPE. Conclusions:NPE has complex condition, acute onset and rapid development. Early diagnosis and correct treatment can improve the success rate of treatment and prognosis of patients with NPE.
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Objective To analyze the effect of HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the first time in Jiangyin, and to provide a reference for further improvement of Jiangyin's AIDS antiretroviral treatment. Methods The historical cards and related information in the treatment management database of Jiangyin City's cases who received ART for the first time from 2005 to 2019 were collected and statistically analyzed. The changes in viral load and CD4+ T lymphocytes (CD4 cells) before and after treatment were compared. Results Among 652 patients receiving ART, 507 cases (77.76%) were successful in virological treatment. The median natural change rate of annual average CD4 cell count was 90.8 cells/μL/year (χ2=37.915, P2=10.713, P<0.05; H =10.394, P<0.05) and different baseline CD4 count layers. The results showed that age and baseline CD4 value were the influencing factors of treatment effect. Conclusion Age and baseline CD4 value can affect the effect of ART treatment. The older the age and the lower the baseline CD4 value, the worse the virological efficacy and the recovery effect of CD4 cells. It is suggested that the infected patients should be involved in ART in time, which is conducive to shorten the time of initial treatment and further improve the effect of antiviral treatment.
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Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of captopril on acute radiation-induced lung injury in rats and the possible mechanism. Methods Sixty-four female Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, irradiation group, irradiation+low-dose captopril group, and irradiation+high-dose captopril group. A single dose of 20 Gy was given to the right lung of all rats except those in the control group to establish a rat model of acute radiation-induced lung injury. These rats were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes in lung tissue;RT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure the mRNA and protein expression of CCL-2 in lung tissue;immunohistochemical assay was used to determine the number of monocytes ( CD68 ) in lung tissue. A one-way analysis of variance was performed. Results Captopril significantly reduced lung inflammation in rats with acute radiation-induced lung injury (P<005), inhibited the accumulation of monocytes (CD68) in lung tissue (P<005), and decreased the content of CCL-2 in lung tissue ( P<005 ) . Conclusions For rats with acute radiation-induced lung injury, captopril can reduce the expression of CCL-2 to inhibit the accumulation of monocytes in lung tissue and thus attenuate lung inflammation.
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Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of captopril on acute radiation-induced lung injury in rats and the possible mechanism. Methods Sixty-four female Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, irradiation group, irradiation+low-dose captopril group, and irradiation+high-dose captopril group. A single dose of 20 Gy was given to the right lung of all rats except those in the control group to establish a rat model of acute radiation-induced lung injury. These rats were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes in lung tissue;RT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure the mRNA and protein expression of CCL-2 in lung tissue;immunohistochemical assay was used to determine the number of monocytes ( CD68 ) in lung tissue. A one-way analysis of variance was performed. Results Captopril significantly reduced lung inflammation in rats with acute radiation-induced lung injury (P<005), inhibited the accumulation of monocytes (CD68) in lung tissue (P<005), and decreased the content of CCL-2 in lung tissue ( P<005 ) . Conclusions For rats with acute radiation-induced lung injury, captopril can reduce the expression of CCL-2 to inhibit the accumulation of monocytes in lung tissue and thus attenuate lung inflammation.
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Objective:Discussion MKK4 protein expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and -1044 A/T polymorphism correlation.Methods:90 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma , MKK4 protein expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining,polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism ( PCR-RFLP ) to detect the gene -1044A/T sites monocytes nucleotide polymorphism.Results:MKK4 protein expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (-) was 24.4%(22/90),(+) was 15.6%(14/90),(++) was 34.4%(31/90),(+++) was 25.6% (23/90).Low expression (-/+) patients with a total of 36 cases,-1044AA genotype accounted for 22 cases (61.11%),AT genotype accounted for 12 cases (33.33%),TT genotype accounted for two cases (5.56%),AT+TT gene type accounted for 14 cases (38.89%).The patients with high MKK4 expression of 54 cases,of which accounted for 38 cases of AA genotype (70.37%),AT genotype accounted with 15 cases (27.78%),TT genotype accounted for one case (1.85%),AT +TT genotype accounted for 16 cases (29.63%).Low expression and high expression of T gene mutation occurs no significant ( Z=0.323 , P=0.747 ) .Conclusion: MKK4 protein expression correlated with -1044 A/T gene promoter polymorphisms was no significant correlation .
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the association between-1304T/G polymorphism in the promoter of MKK4 gene and the susceptibility in sporadic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.@*METHOD@#MKK4-1304T/G genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 90 NPC cases and 30 healthy controls.@*RESULT@#The number of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients carrying with TG+GG genotype was much higher than those of controls (82.2% vs 66.7%, χ² =10.076, P < 0.05). Analysis showed that compared with the-1304TT genotype, -1304TG heterozygous reduced risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma 0.56 fold (95% CI = 0.164-1.178, P < 0.01) and-1304GG lower 0.58 fold (95% CI = 0.126-1.381, P < 0.01), TG+ GG genotype variation risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma decreased 0.72 fold (95% CI = 0.105-0.753, P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#MKK4 gene-1304TG genotype can reduce risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and it may be an independent protection factor in sporadic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Humans , Carcinoma , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Heterozygote , MAP Kinase Kinase 4 , Genetics , Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms , Genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Promoter Regions, GeneticABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the expression of MKK 4 protein in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its clinical significance.Methods:Immunohistochemical methods were employed to analyze MKK 4 positive expression intensity and positive cells in freshly collected nasopharyngeal carcinoma of both 90nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases and 20 chronic nasopharyngitis control.The clinical pathological characteristic were analyzed.Results:The data obtained by MKK4 immunohistochemistry showed that the MKK 4 positive rate was higher in control group than in the NPC group (95.5%vs 75.6%,P0.05 ) . Conclusion:Positive rate of MKK4 protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues is lower than in chronic nasopharyngitis.MKK4 protein expressions in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis ,clincal stage ,invasive depth ,and TTP (Time to progression),but not with age,gender,location and tumor volume.
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Objective To investigate the expression of microRNA-21(miR-21)in breast cancer cell lines and serum of patients with breast cancer and the impact on the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells.Methods From Jan 2013 to Feb 2014, miR-21 expression were determined by fluorescent quantity polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) in 4 breast cell lines (HBL-100, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) and in serum from breast cancer patients ( n =56 ) , breast benign disease patients ( n =39 ) andhealth controls ( n =45 ) . The characteristics of cell invasion and migration were examined by transwellinvasion and migration assay afterbreast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 were transfectedwith miR-21 inhibitor or negative control by lipofectamin.The t test was used to analysis the normal distribution data. Results FQ-PCR results showed that the relative expression of miR-21 in the normal breast epithelial cell line HBL-100 was 1.01 ±0.04, in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 were 1.99 ±0.11,4.02 ±0.38 and 3.73 ±0.79 respectively.Compared with the normal controls, miR-21 were highly expressed in the three breast cancer cell lines, the difference was statistically significant (t=9.01, 9.20 and 4.55, respectively, P<0.01); and the miR-21 was highly expressed in invasive and metastatic breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468),compared with weakly invasive breast cancer cell line MCF-7, the difference was statistically significant ( t values were 6.14 and 2.91, P<0. 05), suggesting that miR-21 is highly expressed in breast cancer cells, and is closely related to the invasion and metastasis.The relative expression of miR-21 in serum of breast cancer was 2.63 (1.57-4.59), in benign breast disease group was 1.34 (1.01-1.78), in healthy control group was 0.81 (0.52-1.59), the miR-21 expression in the serum of breast cancer patients was significantly higher than in patients with benign lesions and normal control group (U values were 208 and 279, P<0.01), whereas no significant difference in serum in patients with benign lesions and normal control group, the miR-21 expression in the serum of breast cancer patients with lymph node metastasis (U=95 , P=0.19) was 3.55 (2.44-5.26), significantly higher than those without lymph node metastasis [2.11(1.59-3.25), U=216,P=0.021]. The results of invasion and migration assay showed that cells treated with miR-21 inhibitor invasion was:44 ±18, the number of cell migration was:98 ±22, while the negative control treated cells after invasion was:133 ±44, migration cell number:255 ±35;miR-21 inhibitor treatment compared with the negative control, cell invasion and migration was also significantly decreased( t values were 5.46 and 9.08, P<0. 01) .The cell invasion and migration assay indicated the numbers of MDA-MB-231 cells, which invaded or migrated to lower chamber, were 44 ±18 and 98 ±22 respectively after miR-21 inhibitor was applied, The numbers of invaded or migrated cells were 133 ±44 and 255 ±35 when the negative control was applied.The ability of cell invasion and migration was decreased significantly in the inhibitor group compared with the negative group(tvalue separately was 5.46, 9.08, P<0.01).The capacity of breast cancer cell invasion and migrationwas significantly decreased after transfection ofmiR-21 inhibitor.Conclusions MiR-21 is highly expressed in breast cancer cell lines and breast cancer patients′serum.Altered expression of miR-21 maybeplays an important role in breast cancer invasion and migration.MiR-21 may serve as new biomarker to early detectionand prognosis estimation of breast cancer.
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Objective To investigate the role of autophagy in radiation-induced death process of human esophageal squamous carcinoma Eca-109 cells.Methods Esophageal carcinoma cell line Eca-109 was divided into 6 groups of control,5 mmol/L 3-Methyladenine treatment,10 mmol/L treatment,6 Gy irradiation,irradiation + 5 mmol/L drug,and irradiation + 10 mmol/L drug.Some cells were transferred with GFP-LC3 plasmid and the changes of autophagosome were obserred.After each treatment,the expression of autophagy marker LC3B was measured by Western Blot,cell viability was detected by MTT,morphological characteristics of apoptosis cells were stained with a fluorescein of Hoechst 33342 and the percentage of apoptotic cells and cell cycle distribution were measured by flow cytometry.Clonogenic survival were used to evaluate the cell radiosensitivity.Results Autophagy level was increased after radiation,and the LC3B Ⅱ expression and LC3B Ⅱ/LC3B Ⅰ ratio were significantly decreased by autophagy inhibitor 3-Methyladenine (F =25.64,P ＜ 0.05).The number of autophagosome fluorescent foci were significantly increased in the GFP-LC3 transfected cells after radiation,but reduced by 3-Methyladenine (F =127.36,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with radiation alone group,autophagy inhibition combined with radiation significantly decreased cell viability (F =129.54,P ＜ 0.05) and colony formation,increased apoptosis and the percentage of G2/M-phase cells.Conclusions 3-Methyladenine enhances the radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous carcinoma Eca-109 cells,suggesting that inhibition of autophagy could be used as an adjuvant treatment of radiotherapy in esophageal squamous carcinoma.
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Objective To investigate the radioprotective function of lianhuaqingwen (LHQW) in rat acute radiation-induced lung injury.Methods Totally 36 female Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups as administered group (treated by LHQW plus radiation),radiation group irradiated with a single of 20 Gy in 6 MV X-ray by Elekta Synergy VMAT,and blank control group without radiation.Performance status (PS) was estimated during 31 d of LHQW instragastric administration.After rats being sacrificed at 1,14,28 d of LHQW adminstration,the pathomorphological changes were observed in trauma lung tissue,the cell number in BALF (Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) was counted,the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum were measured by ELISA,and TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expressions in lung tissue were assayed by RT-PCR.Results After LHQW treatment,the PS of rat was significantly elevated with less inflammation in morphous,and the cell number in BALF was markedly decreased in compare with radiation alone group.Furthermore,the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were obviously reduced (tTNF-α =7.372,2.891,tIL-6 =6.335,3.257,P ＜ 0.05) and the TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA levels in lung tissue were also decreased (tTNF-αmRNA =3.714,2.144,tIL-6mRNA =3.589,2.883,P＜0.05).Conclusions LHQW plays a protective role against acute radiation-induced lung injury in rats and the down-expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 may be involved.
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Objective To explore the inhibitory effect and possible mechanisms of lianhuaqingwen capsules on radiation-induced acute lung injury in rats. Methods Rats were randomly divided into control group, radiation group and radiation plus lianhuaqingwen group, the control group and the radiation group rats were given 0. 9% sodium chloride solution, the radiation plus lianhuaqingwen group rats were given lianhuaqingwen 0. 9% chlorine sodium solution. HE staining was applied to test the lung tissue inflammation; quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA were used to measure the content of IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 in rats;immunohistochemical assay was taken to detect the infiltration of macrophage in lung tissues. Results The relative mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 in the control, radiation model control and radiation plus Lianhuaqingwen groups were (0. 002 1±0. 000 20),(0. 006 6±0. 000 32),(0. 003 9±0. 000 22); (0. 003 7±0. 000 16),(0. 007 4±0. 000 33),(0. 005 5± 0.000 24);(0.001 4±0.000 15),(0.005 4±0.000 72),(0.003 2±0.000 17),respectively; the concentration (pg·mL-1) of IL-6,TNF-αand MCP-1 in the serum were (35. 2±10. 9),(111. 8±26. 1),(68. 2±15. 2); (229. 3±28. 5),(837. 5±57. 6), (566. 9±39. 8);(96. 85±8. 20),(314. 53±12. 76),(191. 32±10. 97),respectively; and the macrophages at high magnification field in each group were (59. 5±4. 3),(503. 9±25. 8)and (106. 2±12. 6), respectively. Lianhuaqingwen capsules significantly alleviated the lung inflammation in rats with radiation-induced acute lung injury,inhibited the accumulation of macrophage in lung tissue,reduced the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α,and decreased the content of MCP-1 in lung tissues and sera(P<0. 05). Conclusion Lianhuaqingwen capsules attenuated the lung inflammation developed in rats with radiation-induced acute lung injury through inhibiting the expression of MCP-1 and reducing the accumulation of macrophage in lung tissues.
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Objective To study lentinan’s promotion on XELOX regimen’s curative effects on advanced gastric cancer. Method Cases with advanced gastric cancer were divided into observation group and control group according their therapy method. The curative effects, side effects, WBC, lymphocyte subsets, NK cells and quality of life were compared. Results The difference of disease control rates in two groups were not significant (P=0.091). The incidences of side effects in observation group were significantlly lower than in control group (P<0.05). The observation group’s WBC, Lym, CD 3+, CD 4+, CD 8+, NK cells and quality of life were significantly higher than in control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Lentinan could significantly promote gastric cancer patients’immunity and lessen side effects. It can promote XELOX regimen’s curative effects on gastric cancer and improve quality of life.
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Objective To observe and analyze the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer tumor markers and lymphocyte subsets of different pathological type .Methods A total number of 40 NSCLC patients which received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 20 normal people were selected in our study .To compare the differences of CEA ,CA-125 , CYFRA21-1 and lymphocyte subset in NSCLC pantients with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma and the the differences of CEA ,CA-125 ,CYFRA21-1 and lymphocyte subset in patients with different clinical effect .Results (1) The CEA ,CA-125 ,CY-FRA21-1 in pantients with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma were both higher than normal people .The CEA level in pa-tients with adenocarcinoma was higher than squamous cell carcinoma ,while the CA-125 and CYFRA21-1 in squamous cell carcino-ma were higher than adenocarcinoma .The CD3+ ,CD4+ ,CD8+ ,CD4+ /CD8+ in pantients with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma both had obvious differences with normal people .But there were no obvious differences between patients with adenocarci-noma and squamous cell carcinoma .(2)There were 18 cases of CR+ PR while 22 cases of SD+ PD .The CA-125 and CYFRA21-1 were decreased in patients of squamous cell carcinoma with clinical effective while the CEA and CYFRA 21-1 were decreased in ade-nocarcinoma with clinical effective .The CD3+ ,CD4+ ,CD4+ /CD8+ increased and CD8+ decreased in patients of squamous cell car-cinoma or adenocarcinoma with clinical effective .Conclusion The tumor marker and lymphocyte subsets values had obvious differ-ences in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma .Both tumor marker and lymphocyte subsets were useful in diagnosis .
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ObjectiveTo study the expression of microRNA-21 ( miR-21 )in serum of patient with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and DLBCL cell lines and validate the significance of miR-21 in early diagnosis,genotyping and prognosis estimates of DLBCL.MethodsmiR-21 expression were detected by fluorescent quantity polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR)in 9 lymphoma cell lines (OCI-Ly1,OCI-Ly3,OCI-Ly4,OCI-Ly7,OCI-Ly8,OCI-Ly10,OCI-Ly18,OCI-Ly19 and HBL),the serum from DLBCL patients (n =62) and health controls (n =50 ).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was carried out during the relapsefree survival period of DLBCL patients to explore the relationship between the prognosis and microRNA expression level.ResultsReal time FQ-PCR result indicated that miR-21 expression was higher in DLBCL cell lines than that in normal B cells (BC).miR-21 expression in normal B cell and 9 DLBCL cell lines separately were 1.04 ± 0.02,2.30 ± 0.35,237.97 ± 56.19,5.27 ± 0.83,3.40 ± 0.30,11.22 ± 2.70,133.55 ± 16.78,6.63 ±0.24,4.91 ±0.37 and 81.59 ±6.64.Compared with BC,the expression of miR-21 were higher in all 9 DLBCL cell lines ( t =7.3,13.7,21.0,6.2,8.8,13.6,6.5,39.5,18.1 ;P ＜ 0.01 ).miR-21 expression segregates with specific molecular subgroups of DLBCL The expression was higher in the ABC type cell lines (OCI-Ly3,OCI-Ly10,HBL) than GCB type cell lines (OCI-Ly1,OCI-Ly4,OCI-Ly7,OCI-Ly8,OCI-Ly18,OCI-Ly19;t =11.18,P ＜ 0.01 ).Consistent with the cell line models,miR-21 expression levels were higher in serum from DLBCL patients [21.38 (10.26-45.21 )] than from controls [1.87 ( 1.05-3.97 ),U =168,P =0.000],and the levels were higher in DLBCL cases with an ABC-type [28.68 ( 14.92-98.44 )] than those in GCB-type [18.30 ( 7.32-33.46 ),U =336,P =0.043].MiR-21 expression levels were different in sera from different clinical stage DLBCL patients.The miR-21 level in serum of patients with subgroup ABC and subgroup GCB in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ were 47.49( 25.65-295.41 ) and 24.74( 16.08-50.38) respectively and in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 16.66 ( 5.35-44.30 ) and 11.96 ( 4.10-21.05) respectively.The levels were higher in DLBCL cases withⅠ -Ⅱ stage than those with Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage (U =62,P =0.013 in GCB type; U =53,P =0.014 in ABC type).Moreover,compare with relapse-free survival in DLBCL patients,high miR-21 expression was associated with well prognosis ( U =259,P =0.035).ConclusionsMiR-21 is high expression in DLBCL cell lines and DLBCL patients serum.miR-21 level in sera from DLBCL patients is associated with clinical stage,molecular subgroup and prognosis estimates.MiR-21 may serve as a new biomarker to early detection,genotyping and prognosis estimates of DLBCL.
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Objective To discuss the acute toxicity of abamectin to several aquatic animals,it can provide reference for formulating safety concentration value of abamectin on fresh-water aquatic animals. Methods The method of changing solution was used for Cladocera crustacea with 48 h,and Allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerling (fry),Gambusia affinis,Hypophthal michthys molitrix fry,Macrobrachium nipponense,Eriocheir sinensis,Cipangopaludina chincasis with 96 h in this experiment. For the experimental animals,every kind of animal was randomly divided into 11 groups(495 animals in each),including nine treatment groups,one control group and one ethanol (hydrotropy agent) group (15 animals in each). The clinic symptoms were observed and mortalities were recorded;median-lethal concentration with 24,48,72,96 h and safety concentration were calculated. Results During the experiment,the mortalities of all animals increased with increase of time and concentration of abamectin. As for Cladocera crustacea,48 h LC50 and safety concentration were 0.000 37 and 0.000 037 mg/L,for Allogynogenetic crucian carp fry, Allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerling,Gambusia affinis,Hypophthal michthys molitrix fry,Macrobrachium nipponense, Eriocheir sinensis,Cipangopaludina chincasis,the values of 96 h LC50 were 0.018,0.06,0.08,0.02,0.52,0.25,0.57 mg/L and safety concentrations were 0.001 8,0.006,0.008,0.002,0.052,0.025,0.057 mg/L,respectively. The results showed that the toxicity of abamectin to seven fresh-water aquatic animals ranked as Cladocera crustacea,Allogynogenetic crucian carp fry,Hypophthal michthys molitrix fry,Allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerling,Gambusia affinis,Eriocheir sinensis,Macrobrachium nipponense, Cipangopaludina chincasis. Conclusion Abamectin has higher toxicity to fresh-water aquatic animals.
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Objective To determine the effect of transcription and translation in telomeric related proteins,and synergism of progressive telomere shortening and cell cycle alteration in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line,which is induced by antisense tankyrase oligonucleotide(asTANKS) combinated with antisense human telomerase reverse transcriptase(ashTERT) oligonucleotide.Methods A549 cells were randomly assigned as 3 test groups: ashTERT,ashTERT + asTANKS and asTANKS,three control groups(shTERT,sTANKS and blank).With individual intervention for different hours,the effect of transcription in hTERT mRNA was evaluated by RT-PCR,and telomerase activity was tested by ELISA-PCR,tankyrase activity was tested by Western blot as well.Moreover,telomere average length was analyzed by Q-FISH,and duration of proliferation was observed by population double test.Results Transcription in hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity for 48 hrs was inhibited obviously by ashTERT,but not by asTANKS.Progressive telomere shortening in A549 cells for 48 hrs was induced by either asTANKS or ashTERT(vs control,P