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Objective:To investigate the contents of soil metal elements in the plague high incidence area and resting area in the plague natural foci of Qingnan region in Qinghai Province, and to compare and analyze the differences of the contents of soil metal elements between the two areas.Methods:A total of 69 soil samples were collected from 11 sites in the plague high incidence area (Yushu Prefecture) and resting area (Guoluo Prefecture) in Qingnan region, including 39 samples from high incidence area and 30 samples from resting area. The contents of 12 soil metal elements, such as iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), barium (Ba), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), rubidium (Rb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn), were measured by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and SPSS 20.0 software was used for Spearman correlation and other statistical analysis.Results:The contents of Fe and Ca in the soil of the plague natural foci of Qingnan region were relatively high. The contents of 12 soil metal elements in the high incidence area were significantly higher than those in the resting area ( P < 0.01 or < 0.05). There were statistical significant differences in the contents of Mg, Ca, Ba, Mn, Pb and Zn in the soil among the sample plots of the plague high incidence area ( P < 0.01 or < 0.05). There were statistical significant differences in the contents of Fe, Mg, Ca, Rb and Ti in the soil among the sample plots of the plague resting area ( P < 0.05 or < 0.01). Except for Mg and Ca, Fe was positively correlated with other metal elements in the high incidence area and resting area ( P < 0.01 or < 0.05), and Fe was strongly positively correlated with Rb, Ti and V ( r = 0.780 - 0.838). Mg was only positively correlated with Ca in the high incidence area and resting area ( P < 0.01). Ca was negatively correlated with Mn, Pb, Rb, Ti, V and Zn in the high incidence area, and with Rb and Zn in the resting area ( P < 0.01 or < 0.05). The rest of the metal elements were mostly positively correlated in the high incidence area and resting area. Conclusions:The contents of Fe and Ca are rich in the plague natural foci of Qingnan region in Qinghai Province. There are correlations among most soil metal elements in the high incidence area and resting area. The correlation between the contents of soil metal elements in the plague natural foci and the epidemic of plague is worth further exploring.
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Objective To investigate the clinical features of Kawasaki disease shock syndrome(KDSS)in children by comparing the clinical and laboratory characteristics with those of non-shock Kawasaki disease(KD)pa-tients. Methods Consecutive hospitalized patients diagnosed as KD were included,who had been admitted into the Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 1 and December 31,2015. There were 11 cases complicated with shock (KDSS group)and 61 cases without shock (non-shock KD group). The demographic,clinical and laboratory data were collected from all these 72 patients and comparisons were made between the KDSS group and the non-shock KD group. The parameters correlated with KDSS were evaluated by Logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 72 patients with KD,males accounted for 77. 8％ (56 / 72 cases),and 11 cases (15. 3％,11 / 72 ca-ses)met the diagnosis of KDSS. All the patients with KDSS received fluid resuscitation and vasoactive drug,and 2 cases (18. 2％,2 / 11 cases)showed resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin. There were 2 cases (18. 2％,2 / 11 cases)in the KDSS group and 10 cases (16. 4％,10 / 61 cases)in the non-shock KD group presented as incomplete KD on ad-mission. Ten cases (90. 9％,10 / 11 cases)showed abnormal echocardiography (coronary artery dilation and mitral re-gurgitation were mostly observed)in the KDSS group,otherwise 11 cases (18. 0％,11 / 61 cases)in the non-shock KD group,and there was a significant difference(P = 0. 000). Two cases (18. 2％,10 / 11 cases)had an acute gastrointesti-nal bleeding in the KDSS group,while none in the non-shock KD,and there was a significant difference(P = 0. 001). The patients with vomiting were significantly more in the KDSS group[54. 5％(6 / 11 cases)]than the non-shock KD group [16. 4％(10 / 61 cases)],and there was a significant difference(P = 0. 005). The significant differences in most laboratory indexes between the KDSS group and the non-shock KD group were as follows:(131. 91 ± 3. 86)mmol/ L vs. (136. 02 ± 4. 23)mmol/ L in sodium concentration (P = 0. 000),(834. 91 ± 1411. 48)ng/ L vs. (128. 28 ± 98. 92) ng/ L in B-type natriuretic peptide (P = 0. 000),(0. 72 ± 2. 19)μg/ L vs. (0. 00 ± 0. 01)μg/ L in troponin I (P =0. 010),(25. 44 ± 34. 06)μg/ L vs. (1. 18 ± 1. 97)μg/ L in procalcitonin (P = 0. 000). Also,immunological status of these patients with KDSS and non-shock KD varied as follows:(44. 39 ± 11. 86)％ vs. (59. 69 ± 10. 86)％ in CD3 + T lymphocytes (P = 0. 000),(25. 17 ± 8. 78)％ vs. (35. 77 ± 11. 24)％ in CD4 + T lymphocytes (P = 0. 005), (9. 93 ± 5. 63)％ vs. (5. 41 ± 0. 63)％ in natural killer(NK)cells (P = 0. 000),(40. 93 ± 13. 74)％ vs. (29. 18 ± 9. 53)％ in B cells (P = 0. 000). Logistic regression analysis showed that troponin I[odds ratio(OR)= 4. 173,Wald =56. 967,P < 0. 001],PCT(OR = 0. 378,Wald = 14. 738,P = 0. 007),and NK cells (OR = 0. 053,Wald = 6. 656,P =0. 008)were the factors associated with KDSS. Conclusions The abnormalities of gastrointestinal tract and echocardio-graphy in KDSS were significantly higher than those of the non-shock KD. Although multifactor analysis results just showed that troponin I,PCT,NK cells were associated with KDSS. If KD patients have hyponatremia,abnormal elevation of B-type natriuretic peptide and dysfunction of cellular immunity,KDSS might be considered.
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Objective To understand the relationship between habitat choice of Himalaya marmot and vegetation elements such as vegetation coverage,grassland type,vegetation type and so on by using geographic information technology in Qinghai.Methods Himalayan marmot field survey data from Qinghai Provincial Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention and vegetation coverage,grassland type and other remote sensing and geographic information data was processed for spatial overlay using ArcGIS tool.The vegetation characteristic information of the location of Himalayan marmot was searched and analyzed statistically,and then the initial quantitative analysis of Himalayan marmot on the selection of habitat vegetation conditions was made.Results After screening,84 samples of Himalayan marmot were retained.The mean of vegetation coverage was 0.708 5,the range was 0.313 3-1.000 0.Totally 54.76％ (46/84) of the Himalayan marmot samples was in the vegetation coverage of 0.70 to 1.00.Among the nine grassland types,the alpine meadows accounted for 39.78％ of total area of Qinghai,with 59 Himalayan marmot sample points distributed,which accounting for 70.24％ (59/84).Himalayan marmot mainly feed on some of the roots of grassland plants,including Poa pratensis,Alpine Kobresia,Potentilla,Polygonum viviparum,Kobresia cordata,Oxytropis,Aster and other miscellaneous grass.Conclusions Vegetation conditions is one of the important factors of Himalayan marmot in habitat selection.Quantitative analysis of the relationship between Himalayan marmot spatial distribution and vegetation factors by using geographic information technology,can deepen the understanding of marmot habitat selection,and provide a basis for grassland plague surveillance and control.
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Objective To explore the effect of continued self-efficacy health education after discharge on patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods Toally 100 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia during January to December 2015 were equally assigned to control group and observation group by random digit table:the former was treated with discharge instructions and the latter with discharge instruction plus self-efficacy health education. The two groups were compared before intervention and 6 weeks after intervention in terms of health behavior and self-management ability. Results Before intervention, there were no significant differences between the groups in health behavior and total score of self-management ability as well as the scores on its dimensions (P>0.05). After intervention, however, the total scores on health behavior and self-efficacy ability as well as the scores on the dimensions in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.01). Conclusion Post-discharge continued self-efficacy health education can be effective in improving their health behavior and self-management ability, which can promote their recovery.
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Objective:To compare transvaginal ultrasonography and hysteroscopy in diagnosis of intrauterine adhesions.Methods: One hundred and one cases of infertile women were treated by transvaginal ultrasound and hysteroscopy.Results: One hundred and one cases of infertility by hysteroscopy diagnosis of 87 cases of intrauterine adhesions, transvaginal ultrasound 68 cases of intrauterine adhesions, 78.16% sensitivity, sensitivity and different degree of intrauterine adhesions without significant difference. The diagnosis coincidence rate of intrauterine adhesions was consistent with transvaginal ultrasonography and hysteroscopy.Conclusion: In the clinical diagnosis and treatment of intrauterine adhesions, transvaginal sonography has the value of irreplaceable hysteroscopy. Vaginal ultrasonography can be used as the first choice for intrauterine adhesions.
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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the common arrhythmias. Catheter radiofrequency ablation is a only effective therapeutic method of AF currently. Contact force sensing catheter like SMART TOUCH can real time monitoring the pressure of catheter tip, which can help operators to understand the contact force between atrial and ablation points, and guide the atrial fibrillation ablation. It is significantly improved the effectiveness and safety of the atrial fibrillation. This article will focus on the current situation of radiofrequency ablation for AF by contact force catheter, in order to provide guidance for clinical work.