Discussion on the cultivation of scientific research ability of academic postgraduate students majoring in clinical laboratory diagnostics from the perspective of 4M1E method / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In the current scientific research training of the academic postgraduate students majoring in clinical laboratory diagnostics, there are many problems including insufficient scientific research level, poor scientific research environment and so on. Based on many years of experience on cultivating postgraduate students and starting from the five factors of 4M1E (man, machine, material, method and environment) method, a scientific strategy is proposed, and then the scientific research ability and level of academic postgraduate students majoring in clinical laboratory diagnostics could be improved by exerting its own self-motivation, strengthening the guidance of tutors, improving training tools, heightening scientific thinking, and enhancing environmental friendliness of scientific research.

Comparative study the curative effect, ventricular remodeling and cardiac function of patients in different left atria size undergoing valve replacement with " X" ablation of posterior left atrium wall / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the influence of left atrial size on the ablation efficacy, cardiac morphology and function after valve replacement combined with X-type radiofrequency ablation on posterior wall of left atrium.Methods:From January 2015 to December 2019, 416 patients with mitral valve disease complicated with atrial fibrillation were divided into two groups according to the size of left atrium(Anteroposterior diameter 60 mm). Valve replacement combined with " X" radiofrequency ablation on posterior wall of left atrium was performed. The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Except for the AF types, gender, length of stay and postoperative complications, other clinical data, operative and perioperative indicators were better in small left atria group(SLA)than in large left atria group(LLA). The differences were statistically significant( P<0.05). Fractional shortening(FS), ejection fraction(EF) in SLA at any time point were higher than that in LLA, P<0.05. The sinus rhythm conversion rates, the change rate of LA anteroposterior diameter in SLA at postoperative time points were higher than that in LLA, P<0.05. There was no significant difference of cardiac troponin(cTn) and myoglobin(MYO) between the two groups in 6 months after operation, P>0.05. The B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP), cTn, MYO in the other time points were lower than that in LLA, P<0.05. Conclusion:Larger left atrium reduces the rate of sinus rhythm conversion and maintenance in patients undergoing valve replacement combined with fibrillation ablation. There were worse ventricular remodeling and cardiac function recovery. Preoperative evaluation of left atrial size is helpful for prognosis.

Cardiac function assessment after bioprosthetic valve replacement with mitral valve preservation by MDCT / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the assessment of multi-detector spiral CT on the cardiac function after bioprosthetic valve replacement with mitral valve preservation.Methods Thirty-five patients suitable for undergoing bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement in our hospital from May 2012 to February 2014 were randomly divided into 2 groups:group A(experimental group,intraoperative preservation of mitral valve and subvalvular structure during,n=16) and group B (control group,without intraoperative preservation of subvalvular structure of mitral valve,n=19).MDCT before operation and on postoperative 10 d was performed for evaluating the left ventricular function.Results In the comparison of preoperative MDCT,the end diastolic velocity(EDV),end systolic velocity(ESV),ejection fraction(EF) and stroke volume(SV) had no statistical difference between the group A and B.In MDCT results on postoperative 10 d,EDV,ESV and EF in the group A were 113.42±9.22)mL,(38.63±3.40)mL and (51.63±4.71) ％,which in the group B were(113.42 ± 9.22) mL,(38.63 ± 3.40) mL and (51.63 ± 4.71) ％ respectively,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05),but SV had no statistical difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The bioprosthetic valve replacement with mitral valve preservation is safe and feasible in technology,moreover effectively protects the postoperative left ventricular function.

Application of multiple clinical pathway training in clinical teaching of Laboratory Diagnostics / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To explore the application and significance of multiple clinical pathway training oriented teaching model in clinical teaching of laboratory diagnostic. Methods Totally 50 medical students enrolled in the Second Military Medical University from September to December in 2015 were divided into experimental group and control group. The course consists of theoretical teaching and experi-mental operation. The pathway group (n=25) were introduced into multiple clinical pathway training oriented teaching method. The theoretical teaching was carried out bysimulation examination application, simulation interpretation and simulation diagnosis and treatment, while the experimental course was carried out by using video teaching combined with actual operation. The control group was taught by traditional teaching method using slide teaching and operation display. The theoretical test including case study and operational skill tests were performed among students in both groups after 10 class hours training . The satisfaction questionnaires were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and satisfaction of teaching guided by clinical pathway. Differences were compared with independent sample t testing using GraphPad Prism 5.0 statistical software. Results The medical records about professional theoretical test including case study and opera-tional skill test in the pathway group were superior to those in the control group with significant statistical difference (both P<0.05). The records of medical students were (81.84±7.21), (42.00±2.79) in the pathway group and (76.24 ±6.98), (37.00 ±3.71) in the control group. The questionnaire result showed that the pathway group's satisfaction was high, especially with the theoretical knowledge andsceneteaching (higher than 80％). The pathway group believed that multiple clinical pathway training helped to improve learning interest and clinical thinking ability . Conclusions Multiple clinical pathway training oriented teaching model is helpful for the medical students to achieve the basic idea of clinical pathway, improve the profes-sional ability, enhance the interest of learning and the quality of teaching, standardize teaching and promote teaching and learning.

Relationship between serum tumor marker level with apoptosis regulation gene expression of tumor tissue in patients with primary hepatocarcinoma / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To study the relationship between serum tumor marker level and the apoptosis regulation gene of tumor tissue in the patients with primary hepatocarcinoma .Methods 40 cases of primary hepatocarcinoma and 40 healthy people were in‐cluded into the observation group and control group .Then the levels of tumor marker GP73 ,TK1 ,DKK1 in serum and the expres‐sion of apoptosis regulation gene in tumor tissue were detected in the two groups .Results The serum GP73 ,TK1 and DKK1 levels of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The apoptosis inhibiting gene Plk1 ,Livin and Xiap levels in the hepatocellular carcinoma tissue were higher than those in the adjacent normal tissues ,while the pro‐apoptotic gene M TS1 ,Caspase‐3 and Caspase‐8 levels were lower than those in the adjacent normal tissues ,the difference had statistical significance (P< 0 .05) ;serum GP73 ,TK1 and DKK1 levels were positively correlated with Plk1 ,Livin and Xiap levels and negatively correlated with M TS1 ,Caspase‐3 and Caspase‐8 levels .Conclusion The levels of se‐rum GP73 ,TK1 and DKK1 in the patients with primary hepatocarcinoma are abnormally increased ,moreover which are closely cor‐related with the apoptosis regulating gene expression and the ideal indexes to evaluate the disease condition of primary hepatocarci ‐noma .

Establishment of methods to evaluate the quality of two different separate gel tubes during ISO15189 accreditation / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the establishment of methods to evaluate the quality of two different separate gel tubes .Meth-ods An evaluation comparing two separate gel tubes with silicate glass tubes ,which are the standard tubes ,was performed using data from 50 subjects .The serum samples were assayed for routine chemistry or immunology after centrifugation using the quantita-tive or qualitative detection methods such as ECL ,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ,reflection luminescence or immu-nofluorescence .The data were collect for further statistical analysis .Results For quantitative results of the items ,the two separate gel tubes ,compared with the standard glass tube ,there was no significant difference between the test results (P>0 .05);for quali-tative projects ,two separate plastic tube ,compared with the standard glass tube ,really the positive rate and the true negative rate was no significant difference (P>0 .05 ,K>0 .75) .Conclusion By using different detection methods and test items ,it is demon-strated that using two separate gel tube for items assay does not affect the accuracy and consistency of the test results .As a result , the method for external supplies quality assessment is established in the laboratory for ISO15189 quality control .

Differential proteomics on synthetic antimicrobial decapeptide against Streptococcus mutans / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the protein profiles between decapeptide-treated and untreated planktonic cells of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) by differential proteomic analysis to determine and identify the key proteins.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In our previous study, we investigated decapeptide (KKVVFKVKFK-NH2), which was a novel adenosine monophosphate. Compared with other oral pathogens tested, decapeptide had a preferential antibacterial activity against S. mutans. It also inhibited S. mutans biofilm formation and reduced the one-day developed biofilm. In the present study, we first synthesized decapeptide, and then compared the protein profiles between decapeptide-treated and untreated planktonic cells of S. mutans by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. We also verified different expressions of key protein enolase in the protein level.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results showed that decapeptide altered the protein expression of planktonic S. mutans. These proteins were functionally involved in carbohydrate degradation by glycolysis, protein folding, conjunction, transport, translation, adenosine triphosphate binding, protein binding, sequence-specific DNA binding, transcription factor activity, and two-component response regulator activity. Western blot results showed that enolase protein expression decreased obviously in decapeptide-treated cells of S. mutans.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The protein expression of S. mutans significantly changed after synthetic antimicrobial decapeptide treatment, suggesting that decapeptide may present a preferential effect on oral caries by changing the expression of certain key proteins, such as enolase protein.</p>

Study on the antibacterial activity of four kinds of nano-hydroxyapatite composites against Enterococcus faecalis / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aims to compare and determine a kind of nano-hydroxyapatite composite material with good antibacterial efficacy on Enterococcusfaecalis (E. faecalis) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We investigated the antimicrobial activity of four kinds of nano-hydroxyapatite composites, namely, silver/hydroxyapatite composite nanoparticles (Ag/nHA), yttrium/hydroxyapatite composite nanoparticles (Yi/nHA), cerium/hydroxyapatite composite nanoparticles (Ce/nHA), and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA), against E. faecalis in vitro using the agar diffusion and broth dilution method by measuring the growth inhibition zone and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The agar diffusion test results showed that Ag/nHA displayed an obvious growth inhibition zone, whereas Yi/nHA, Ce/nHA, and nHA showed no influence on E. faecalis. The MIC value of Ag/nHA was 1.0 g.L-1, and the three other materials had no effect on E.faecalis even at the high concentration of 32.0 g.L-1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ag/nHA display a potential antimicrobial efficacy to planktonic E.faecalis. Whereas, the three other kinds of nano-hydroxyapatite composites (Yi/nHA, Ce/nHA, nHA) show no influence.</p>

Relation between obesity and oral health / 华西口腔医学杂志

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are important diseases that affect human health. Obesity is one of the major biological risk factors of NCDs. With the growing national economy and the increasing standard of living, the obesity problem is highlighted and could raise even more attention. Oral health is vital to overall health. To gain more recognition and popularize the monitoring of obesity in dentistry, this paper illustrates the status of present studies between obesity and oral health.

Antibacterial activity of synthetic antimicrobial decapeptide against oral bacteria / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of decapeptide, a novel antimicrobial peptide, against several major cariogenic and periodontopathogenic bacteria in vitro. METHODS In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of decapeptide against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus gordonii, Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces naeslundii, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and Saccharomyces albicans in vitro using the agar diffusion method and broth dilution method. Furthermore, a time-kill kinetic study of decapeptide against S. mutans was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results showed that decapeptide exhibited antimicrobial activity against various oral bacteria and fungi. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of main cariogenic bacteria ranged from 62.5 μg · mL(-1) to 125 μg · mL(-1), and the MIC of periodontopathogenic bacteria tested ranged from 250 μg · mL(-1) to 1,000 μg · mL(-1). Among the bacteria tested, decapeptide had a strong inhibitory effect on cariogenic S. mutans. Results of the time-kill kinetic studies showed that decapeptide reduced the viable counts of S. mutans by more than one order of magnitude after 20 min of incubation, and thoroughly killed S. mutans after 30 min. No viable cells could be detected after 24 h of incubation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study suggest that decapeptide might have potential clinical application in treating dental caries by killing S. mutans within dental plaque.</p>

The Value of Measurement of Fractional Anisotropy on the Splenium of the Corpus Callosum in Diagnosis of Patients with Mild Alzheimer’s Disease / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To detect abnormal anisotropy on the splenium of the corpus callosum in patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Methods Normalized hippocampal volume and fractional anisotropy on the splenium of the corpus callosum were measured in 13 patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease and 19 normally aging volunteers. Non-dependent samples t-tests were conducted to compare them between the two groups. In addition, the sensitivity in the diagnosis of mild Alzheimer’s disease was calculated.Results The splenium of the corpus callosum showed reduced anisotropy in mild Alzheimer’s disease. The normalized hippocampal volume also decreased in patients. The FA of the splenium of the corpus callosum was more sensitive in the diagnosis of mild Alzheimer’s disease. Conclusion The decreased anisotropy on the splenium of the corpus callosum reflects the degeneration of the fibers, and it is promising in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.

Voxel-based comparison of whole brain gray matter of patients with mild Alzheimer's disease with normal aging volunteers / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To detect gray matter abnormalities of whole brain in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease(AD)by voxel-based morphometry(VBM).Methods Thirteen patients with mild Alzheimer's disease and sixteen normal aging volunteers underwent 3D SPGR scanning.For every subject,data was transferred to PC to be normalized,segmented and smoothed using SPM99.Non-dependent samples T-tests were conducted to compare gray matter density voxel to voxel between the two groups.Results Significant reductions in gray matter density were found in the bilateral hippocampi and nucleus amygdalae,bilateral insulae,bilateral medial thalami,bilateral rectus gyri,right superior temporal gyrus,right caudate nucleus,right prefrontal lobe,right basal forebrain and portions of right occipital lobe.Conclusion VBM reveals significant gray matter reductions of numeral cortices in mild Alzheimer's disease.It can be a useful method to evaluate the anatomical changes in the progress of the disease.