Paleo-polyploidization in Lycophytes / 基因组蛋白质组与生物信息学报·英文版

Lycophytes and seed plants constitute the typical vascular plants. Lycophytes have been thought to have no paleo-polyploidization although the event is known to be critical for the fast expansion of seed plants. Here, genomic analyses including the homologous gene dot plot analysis detected multiple paleo-polyploidization events, with one occurring approximately 13-15 million years ago (MYA) and another about 125-142 MYA, during the evolution of the genome of Selaginella moellendorffii, a model lycophyte. In addition, comparative analysis of reconstructed ancestral genomes of lycophytes and angiosperms suggested that lycophytes were affected by more paleo-polyploidization events than seed plants. Results from the present genomic analyses indicate that paleo-polyploidization has contributed to the successful establishment of both lineages-lycophytes and seed plants-of vascular plants.

Nutritional risk screening and nutritional supports in some hospitals in Shandong Province / 中华临床营养杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of undernutrition, nutritional risks, and the application of nutrition supports in different hospitals in Shandong province, and to estimate the related complication rate.Methods Totally 2792 patients from different hospitals in Shandong were enrolled, and their nutritional risks were assessed using Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) 2002. The application of nutritional supports, the length of hospital stay, and the incidences of infectious and non-infectious complications were documented. Results The incidences of undernutrition and nutritional risk among patients in large hospitals were significantly higher than those in middle and small hospitals (5.6%, 1.6%, 2. 7%; 27.3%, 15.4%, 18.3%; P =0. 000). The overall rate of nutritional support was 43. 60%, and there were significant difference among patients in different hospitals (51.5 %, 30. 8 %, 20.9 %, P = 0. 000). Parenteral nutrition was most widely applied. Among the 483 patients in large hospitals, the incidence of complication in patients with nutritional risks was significantly higher than those without nutritional risks (31.3% versus 13.7%, P =0. 000). Of the "with nutritional risk" patients, the infectious complications were significantly lower in the nutritional support group (P = 0. 000). Of the patients without nutritional risks, there was no statistical difference between the nutritional support group and the non-support group. (P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusions NRS 2002 is a useful tool for the assessment of nutritional status among inpatients. Proper nutritional support can reduce the incidence of complications for patients with nutritional risks.