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Background The prevalence of malnutrition in older adults is high. Early use of appropriate screening scales for malnutrition risk and early intervention can effectively improve life quality of the elderly in communities. Objective To evaluate the risk of malnutrition among the community-dwelling elderly in a district of Shanghai and explore its influencing factors. Methods From October to December 2021, a total of 960 seniors aged 65 years and above in community committees (villages) of Minhang District were selected by stratified random sampling. Trained investigators conducted one-to-one interviews with included seniors using questionnaires. The questionnaires included the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), the Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL), and the malnutrition risk assessment for elderly adults. Height, weight, waist circumference, and calf circumference were measured. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze potential influencing factors of malnutrition in the elderly. Results Among the 960 community-dwelling seniors of Minhang District, 13 (1.35%) were malnourished and 311 (32.40%) were at the risk of malnutrition. There were statistically significant differences in nutritional status across different categories of age, sex, monthly family income, education level, marital status, waist circumference, dental health status, activity of daily living, nutrition knowledge, suffering from chronic diseases, having > 3 chronic diseases, taking > 3 long-term prescriptions, depression symptoms, sleeping duration, daily outdoor activity time, number of daily food species (milk/soy products/fish/meat/poultry/eggs), daily intake of vegetables and fruits, daily consumption of cooking oil, frequency of physical exercise, frequency of smoking, and living alone (P < 0.05). The logistic regression analysis results showed that poor dental conditions, insufficient daily intake of milk/soy products/fish/meat/poultry/eggs (<3 kinds), insufficient daily intake of vegetables and fruits (<500 g), excessive daily consumption of cooking oil (>25 g), insufficient daily outdoor activities (<1 h·d−1), living alone, low educational level (primary school and below), suffering from chronic diseases, having > 3 chronic diseases, taking > 3 long-term prescriptions, and being single/widowed/divorced were the main risk factors for nutritional abnormalities in the elderly (P< 0.05). Conclusion The elderly in Minhang District of Shanghai have a high malnutrition risk, and their nutritional status is affected by multiple factors, including poor dental status, irrational dietary structure, insufficient time for outdoor activities, suffering from chronic diseases, having > 3 chronic diseases, taking > 3 long-term prescriptions, low educational level, living alone, and being single/widowed/divorced.
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OBJECTIVE To establish HPLC characteristic chro matogram of Jianpi yifei biyan prescription standard decoction ， to select the quality control index components and determine their contents. METHODS HPLC method combined with Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2004 edition）were used to establish the characteristic chromatogram of 10 batches of Jianpi yifei biyan prescription standard decoction ；the similarity evaluation and common peaks identification were also carried out. Using common peak area of characteristic chromatogram as variables ，SPSS 26.0 software and SIMCA 14.1 software were used to perfor m cluster analysis （CA），principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）；differential components with variable important i n pro jection（VIP）value greater than 1.5 were screened；the contents of cimifugin and differential components were determined by the same method. RESULTS A total of 24 common characteristic peaks were identified ， and the similarities of 10 batches of samples were higher than 0.960；eight characteristic peaks were identified by comparison with reference substance. CA and PCA results revealed that the samples were classified into 3 categories.OPLS-DA analysis showed that 3 components with VIP value greater than 1.5， which were prim-O-glucosylcimifugin （peak 2），calycosin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （peak 4） and 5-O-methylvisammioside （peak 6） in descending order. The linear ranges of prim- O- glucosylcimifugin，calycosin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，cimifugin and 5-O-methylvisammioside were 0.010 7-0.213 0，0.007 8- 0.156 0，0.008 0-0.160 0，0.009 8-0.195 0 μg（r＞0.999），respectively. RSD values of precision ，repeatability and stability tests （24 h） were all less than 2％. Average recoveries were 105.98％（RSD＝1.75％，n＝6），98.06％（RSD＝3.87％，n＝6），96.38％（RSD＝ 4.03％ ，n＝6） and 104.17％（RSD＝1.27％ ，n＝6）. The contents of the above 4 components in 10 batches of samples were 12.12-18.87，3.86-6.40，3.10-4.27 and 11.17-15.79 μ g/mL，respectively. CONCLUSIONS The established HPLC characteristic chromatographic method is stable and feasible ，it can be used for the quality control of Jianpi yifei biyan prescription standard decoction. Prim- O-glucosylcimifugin，calycosin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，cimifugin and 5-O-methylvisammioside can be used as the index components for quality control of the standard decoction.
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OBJECTIVE：To study the improvement effects of Weijing deco ction on AECOPD model rats and its possibile mechanism. METHODS ：Totally 55 male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group ，model group ，Weijing decoction low-dose and high-dose groups （8.37，16.74 g/kg，by crude drug ），dexamethasone group （positive control group ，0.09 mg/kg），with 11 rats in each group. Except for normal group ，AECOPD model was induced by cigarettes combined with lipopolysaccharide in other groups. After modeling ，normal group and model group were given constant volume of water intragastrically ，and other groups were given relevant medicine intragastrocally ，twice a day ，for 14 days. After last intragastric administration ，the serum level of IL- 1 β was determined，and pathological changes of lung tissue and bronchus were observed in each group ；mRNA expression of MMP-9 and TIMP- 1 genes in lung tissue were detected ；protein expression of Ras homologous gene family member （RhoA）， dishevelled associated activator of morphogenesis- 1（DAAM1）and hyperplasic suppress gene （HSG）in lung tissue were also determined. RESULTS ：Compared with normal group ，the levels of IL- 1β in serum，mRNA expression of MMP- 9 and TIMP-1 as well as protein expression of RhoA and DAAM 1 in lung tissue were increased significantly in the model group（P＜0.05），while protein expression of HSG in lung tissue was decreased significantly （P＜0.05）；there were many chronic inflammatory cells infiltrating around the bronchus ，some airway mucosa epithelium exfoliating ，alveolar compensatory dilation，pulmonary septal capillary dilation and hyperemia. Compared with model group ，the levels of IL- 1β in serum，mRNA expression of MMP- 9 and TIMP- 1 in lung tissue were decreased significantly in Weijing decoction high-dose group （P＜0.05）；the protein expression of RhoA and DAAM 1 in lung tissue were decreased significantly in Weijing decoction low-dose and high-dose groups（P＜0.05），while the protein expression of HSG in lung tissue was increased （P＜0.05）；the pathological changes of Weijing decoction high-dose group ，such as inflammatory cells infiltrating around the bronchus and shedding of airway mucosa ， were improved significantly ， and there was complete alveolar epithelium structure but no obvious pulmonary dilation. CONCLUSIONS：Weijing decoction can improve AECOPD model rats to certain extent ；its mechanism may be associated with down-regulating mRNA expression of MMP- 9 and TIMP -1 as well as protein expression of RhoA and DAAM 1 in lung tissue ， up-regulating protein expression of HSG in lung tissue so as to inhibit the airway remodeling.
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Objective:To introduce a modified stent technique of nasal septal extension graft (SEG) with auricle cartilage, and to explore its effect on rhinoplasty.Methods:For 116 patients that underwent rhinoplasty, the cartilage of bilateral auricula was sutured with shell alignment and the dovetail was modified to prepare SEG stent; PTFE or silicone prosthesis was used for nasal dorsal graft. The patients were follow up for 6-18 months after surgery. A number of indicators including length of nose, tip projection, nasal tip and nasolabial angle morphology were used to assess surgical outcomes.Results:The 116 patients obtained satisfactory appearance immediately after operation. Length of nasal extension was 3-6 mm, tip projection was extended by 2-5 mm. Following up for 6-18 months showed stable effect (0.5-1.5 mm retraction) and satisfactory nose tip and nasolabial angle. The skin color was normal. No deformity occured in the ear cartilage donor area existed with no obvious scar.Conclusions:The modified SEG stent of auricle cartilage has good support and stability. It has a good effect on the slight and moderate extension of the short nose. In addition, the elevation of the nasal tip and the severe short nose of the first rhinoplasty and secondary rhinoplasty with mild contracture are also improved.
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Malnutrition and obesity are common in children with cerebral palsy, leading to growth retardation, anemia, brain dysplasia or increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.Nutritional status and energy demand of children with cerebral palsy are usually determined by physical examinations, detections of anthropometric parameters, bone mineral density and body composition, and laboratory tests, thus developing nutritional intervention programs to improve their nutritional problems and quality of life.This study aims to summarize the research progress of nutritional intervention in children with cerebral palsy.
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Recently, early rehabilitation of critically illness in children has been paid more and more attention.Moreover, early exercise rehabilitation is an important part of pediatric critical rehabilitation.It is very beneficial to prevent or minimize secondary musculoskeletal problems, reduce time of hospital stay, promote the recovery of cognitive function and growth, and improve long-term prognosis in critically ill children.In this study, we mainly introduced the techniques and related strategies of early exercise rehabilitation for critically ill children.
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Taking the example of development and reform for undergraduate major of Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, this paper will introduce taking the spirit of national standards for education quality of nursing majors, establishing professional orientation, talents training targets and talents training plans corresponding to health strategies and focus on application characteristics. Building a curriculum system that combines skills and ethics as well as practicing teaching system, developing a teaching team with clinical specialist and veteran teachers, reform the reforming ideas and practices of teaching and evaluation methodology, then making some decent progress and these progress has some practical significance and reference value for similar schools in China to develop talents training mode reform.
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Objective To analyze the death status of children ≤ 5 years old in Jiaxing City from 2013 to 2017,and to provide scientific and effective measures of decreasing the children mortality and ensuring the health of children.Methods Death surveillance data of children ≤5 years old was obtained from monitoring network covering the whole city of maternal and child health information systems and the relevant maternal and child health statistics.The mortality rate,the sequence and changing trend of main death causes,prenatal health services of children ≤5 years old in Jiaxing City from 2013 to 2017were analyzed.Results From 2013 to 2017,there were 2 788 cases death of children ≤5 years old in Jiaxing City.The neonatal mortality rate (NMR),infant mortality rate (IMR),≤5 years old children mortality rate(U5MR) in Jiaxing City were 2.33‰,3.52‰ and 4.83 ‰,respectively.The mortality rates of all ages showed a declining trend year by year (x2NMR =19.641,P＜0.001;x2IMR =31.705,P ＜0.001;x2U5MR =48.294,P ＜0.001).There were significant differences in the mortality between the lower local and the migrant children (x22013 =26.16,x22014 =18.45,x22015 =27.72,x22016 =14.49,x22017=24.19;P＜0.001).The top two causes of death in children ≤ 5 years old were drowning,premature birth and low birth weight.The top two causes of death in infants and newborns were premature birth,low birth weight and other congenital anomalies.In the recent five years,49.60％ of children ≤5 years old died in the hospital.At the same time,the proportion of deaths on the way and at home was 15.64％ and 34.76％ respectively.Although there was a gap in the level of prenatal health services between local and mobile children,the gap has been declining year by year.Conclusions The key measures to decrease the mortality rate of children under 5 years old in Jiaxing City include strengthening the management of pregnancy care and high-risk pregnancy;paying attention to tertiary prevention and doing a good job in monitoring birth defects such as prenatal screening;enhancing safety education and child supervision for parents of children in 1-4 years old;reinforcing the construction of maternal and child health professional team and the technical training of newborn resuscitation techniques such as neonatal asphyxia recovery technology;intensifying the health-care and management of migrant children and improving the ability of parents to utilize child medical service.
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OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate therapeutic efficacy and safety of Compound kushen colon-release capsule versus related chemical drugs in treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC).METHODS: Retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, China Journal Full-text Database (CJFD), VIP, CBM and Wanfang database, RCTs about therapeutic efficacy (response rate, TCM syndrome, therapeutic efficacy of mucosal lesion) and safety (the incidence of ADR) of Compound kushen enteric-release capsule versus related chemical drugs in the treatment of UC were collected. Meta-analysis was conducted by using Rev Man 5. 3 statistical software after data extraction and quality evaluation with Cochrane 5. 1. 0. RESULTS: A total of 9 RCTs were included, involving 649 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that response rate [OR=2. 16, 95％CI(1. 28, 3. 63), P=0. 004] and therapeutic efficacy of mucosal lesion [OR=2. 42, 95％ CI(1. 07, 5. 47), P=0. 03] of Compound kushen colon-release capsule were significantly higher than that of chemical drugs in the treatment of UC, with statistical significance. There was no statistical significance in therapeutic efficacy of TCM syndrome [OR=1. 70, 95％CI(0. 87, 3. 32), P=0. 12] or the incidence of ADR between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic efficacy of Compound kushen colon-release capsule is better than that of related chemical drugs in the treatment of UC with similar safety.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of Lyn on the expression of MUC5AC in human bronchial epithelial cells induced by house dust mite(HDM),and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods:The human bronchial epithelial cells(16 HBE)were divided into PBS group and HDM group(1 μg·L-1HDM).The cells were transfected by liposome.The luciferase report gene of MUC5AC promoter was constructed.The relative luciferase unit(RLU)was detected by double luciferase report gene assay.The expression of MUC5AC in the cells was detected by immunofluorescence technique and observed by confocal microscope.The expression level of STAT6 in the 16HBE cells was detected by Western blotting method.Results:The results of double luciferase report gene assay showed that the RLU in HDM group was higher than that in PBS group(P<0.05).The RLU of cells in HDM group treated with LynsiRNA intervention was higher than that of the cells without LynsiRNA intervention(P<0.05).The immunofluorescence results demonstrated that the expression level of MUC5AC in HDM group was higher than that in PBS group(P<0.05),and the expression level of MUC5AC in HDM group was increased after LynsiRNA intervention(P<0.05).The Western blotting results indicated that the expression level of STAT6 was up-regulated in HDM group when the cells were intervened with LynsiRNA(P<0.05). Conclusion:Deficiencyof Lyn can increase the expression of MUC5AC in the human bronchial epithelial cells,and its mechanism may be related to regulating the STAT6 signal pathway by Lyn.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of oral use of Bushen Huoxue Recipe (BHR) and steam washing with Shujin Waixi Granules for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) with kidney deficiency and blood stasis. Methods One hundred and twenty KOA patients with kidney deficiency and blood stasis were divided into western medicine group, combination group and BHR group, 40 cases in each group. Western medicine group was treated with oral use of Diclofenac Sodium Sustained-release Tablets, combination group was treated with oral use of BHR and steam washing with Shujin Waixi Granules, and BHR group was given BHR orally alone. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index and knee osteoarthritis severity index (ISOA) were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy of patients after treatment for 4 weeks. Results (1) After treatment, the scores of WOMAC osteoarthritis index and ISOA in the three groups were decreased(P< 0.01 compared with those before treatment), and the decrease in the combination group was superior to that in the western medicine group and BHR group(P< 0.05).(2) After treatment for 4 weeks, the total effective rate of western medicine group, combination group and BHR group was 82.5％, 95.0％, 80.0％ respectively, and the combination group had the strongest effect (P < 0.05). Conclusion Oral use of BHR combined with steam washing with Shujin Waixi Granules is effective for the treatment of KOA patients with kidney deficiency and blood stasis by relieving local pain and improving knee joint function.
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Objective To explore the clinical features of neonatal septicemia caused by Lester. Methods The clinical features of septicemia caused by Lester bacteria in 9 neonates confirmed by blood culture during from January 2011 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results All of the 9 cases were premature and cesarean delivery. The main clinical manifestations were cyanosis (7 cases), fever (5 cases), anhelation (4 cases), hypomyotonia (4 cases), and respiratory distress (3 cases). Blood cultures in 9 cases were detected Lester bacteria with 3 cases found in sputum and 1 case in both sputum and cerebrospinal fluid. Drug sensitivity test showed that Lester bacteria were sensitive to ampicillin, penicillin, and sulfamethoxazole. All of the 9 cases adjusted anti-infective medications after the diagnosis of Lester septicemia by blood culture, and all of them were cured or improved, and discharged. Conclusion Neonatal Lester infection is a serious infectious disease. Fever in pregnant women should alert clinicians to Lester infection. Early detection of pathogens and targeted treatment can help improve prognosis.
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OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Compound Huangbo liquid combined with chemical medicine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC),and to provide evidence-based reference.METHODS:Re trieved from CBM,Wanfang Database,VIP,CJFD,PubMed,EMBase and Cochrane Library,randomized controlled trials(RCTs) about Compound Huangbo liquid combined with chemical medicine (trial group) vs.chemical medicine alone (control group) in the treatment of UC were collected.Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 statistical sofetware after literature scanning,data extraction and quality evaluation according to Cochrane reviewer's handbook 5.1.0.RESULTS:A total of 8 RCTs were included,involving 737 patients.The results of Meta-analysis showed that,response rate of trial group was significantly higher than that of control group,with statistical significance [OR=4.69,95 ％ CI(3.00,7.34),P＜0.001];there was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups [OR=0.94,95 ％ CI (0.48,1.84),P=0.86].CONCLUSIONS:Compound Huangbo liquid combined with chemical medicine is better than chemical medicine alone for UC,and both have similar safety.
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OBJECTIVE:To compare cost-effectiveness of Xiyanping injection and Ribavirin injection in the treatment of com-mon type hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in children,and to provide evidence for rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS:The literatures about Xiyanping injection in the treatment of common type HFMD in children using Ribavirin injection as control were retrieved from CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,PubMed,Cochrane library and other databases. The decision tree was established with TreeAge Pro 2011 software to conduct cost-effectiveness analysis. Tornado diagram was used to analyze sensitive factors;single fac-tor and double factors sensitivity analysis were also conducted. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The total cost of Xiyanping injection and Ribavirin injection were 2 887.53 and 3 058.72 yuan,respectively. The total effective rates were 92.49% and 78.12%. Xiyan-ping injection shows cost-effectiveness advantage. The results of cost-effectiveness analysis were supported by sensitivity analysis.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish the HPLC fingerprints for Sini decoction and compare the differences of compositions of Sini decoction prepared by traditional decoction and modern machine decoction. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Kromasil C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detec-tion wavelength was 235 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃,and injection volume was 10 μl. The HPLC fingerprints of 10 batch-es of Sini decoction were determined with reference peak of liquiritin peaks,and common peak identification and similarity evalua-tion were conducted by using Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System(2004 A edition). RESULTS:There were 18 common peaks and the similarity was no less than 0.982. According to the verification,the fingerprint of 10 batches of Sini de-coction showed good similarity with reference fingerprint,and the similarity of 10 batches of Sini decoction was high,which was prepared by the 2 methods. CONCLUSIONS:The established fingerprint is specific and stable,and can provide reference for quali-ty evaluation and control for Sini decoction;and there are no obvious differences in the main chemical compositions of Sini decoc-tion prepared by traditional decoction and modern machine decoction.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Changji’an capsules on abdominal pain and the molecular mechanism re-lated to calcitoningene-related peptide(CGRP)and corticosterone(CORT)in diarrhea-predominant irratable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)model rats. METHODS:After the rat models of IBS-D were established by the method of separation of breast mick combined with stimulation with acetic acid,the rats were randomly divided into model group(isometric normal saline),pinaverium bromide group(0.018 g/kg),and Changji’an capsules high,medium and low dose groups(2.812 g/kg,1.406 g/kg and 0.703 g/kg),and another SD rats were included in the normal control group(isometric normal saline). The drugs were given to the rats once a day for consecutive 14 d,ig. Injection of normal saline method was adopted to determine the rat’s sensibility to abdominal pain. The en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was adopted to determine the content of CORT in the serum of the rats. Subjected to re-verse transcription polymerse chain reaction(RT-PCR)was adopted to determine the expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothala-mus and colon tissues of the rats. RESULTS:Compared with normal control group,threshold values of arching the back and stick-ing out the abdomen were decreased,the content of CORT in serum and expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothalamus and co-lon tissues in model group were increased,with significant difference(P<0.01). Compared with model group,threshold values of arching the back and sticking out the abdomen were increased,the content of CORT in serum and expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothalamus and colon tissues in pinaverium bromide group and Changji’an capsules high and medium dose groups were de-creased;the threshold value of arching the back in Changji’an capsules low dose group were increased,with significant difference (P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Changji’an capsules can improve the abdominal pain in rats with IBS-D by a mechanism that may be related to the decrease in the expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothalamus and colon tissues and the reduc-tion of the content of CORT in serum.
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No abstract available.
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Comorbidity , Depression , Irritable Bowel Syndrome , Neuronal PlasticityABSTRACT
Objective To establish a diarrhea rat model using multiple-stimulating factors and choosing the best indexes to assess whether the model is consistent with the disease characteristics of liver -QI stagnation with spleen deficien-cy in traditional Chinese medicine .Methods Newborn SD rats were randomly divided into model group ( n=20 ) and control group (n=10).The rats of model group were stimulated by maternal separation , restraint stress and rectum acetic acid irritation, while the rats in control group were fed as normal .Weight changes, rectal sensitivity, Bristol scores and wa-ter content of feces and histology of the colon tissues were used as evaluation indexes to assess whether the model meets the demands for further studies .Results The rats in the model group showed loss of appetite , increase of water intake and u-rine reduction .Some rats showed increased activity , and even mania .Bristol scores and water content of feces were signifi-cantly higher than that of the control group , and the rectal sensitivity was significantly increased .The colon mucosa showed slightly thickened submucosal layer and mild inflammatory cell infiltration in the model rats .Conclusions The rat model established in this study is better to simulate the clinical manifestation of liver -QI stagnation with spleen deficiency in Chi-nese medicine , and may meet the demands of related researches of this disease .
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Objective Toinvestigatetheriskfactorsforleukoaraiosis(LA)inpatientswithlarge arteryatherosclerosis(LAA).Methods Theclinicaldata(age,sex,hypertension,diabetes,smoking, serum lipid level,hyperhomocysteinemia,and numbers of stenosis or occluded cerebral arteries)of 312 patients with LAA classified by the modified stop stroke study trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment (SSS-TOAST ) were analyzed retrospectively. The age-related white matter changes (age related white matter changes,ARWMC)scale was used to evaluate LA. All the 312 patients were divided into non-LA group(n=72)and LA group(n=240)according the T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluid attenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR)sequence,and 3 groups according to the (age-related white matter changes,ARWMC)scores:mild LA,moderate LA,and severe LA groups. The patients with multiple risk factors were analyzed by the univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses. Results (1)Of the 312 patients with LA,227 were males (72. 8%). Their average age was 64 ± 11 years,and 240 of them (76. 9%)had LA. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR,2. 911,95%CI 1. 647-5.146,P=0. 000),hypertension (OR,2. 583,95%CI 1. 373-4.857,P<0. 01),diabetes (OR,1. 882, 95%CI 1. 058-3. 348,P <0. 05),the numbers of stenosis or occlusion arteries (OR,1. 851,95%CI 1.018-3. 367,P<0. 05),and lacunar infarction (LI)(OR,1.493,95%CI 1. 202-1. 853,P<0. 01)were the risk factors for LA. (2)The comparison of the clinical data in patients with different severity in the LA group found that there were significant differences in age,hypertension,diabetes,the numbers of stenosis or occlusionarteries,andLIamongthe3groups(allP<0.05).Conclusion Age,hypertension,diabetes, the numbers of stenosis or occlusion arteries,and LI are the independent risk factors for patients with LAA,and it is associated with the severity of LA.
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AIM: To establish the cell model of hippocampal neurons impaired by the supernatant of microglia conditioned medium (MCM) induced by LPS, and to study the mechanisms of neuron damage and the protection effect of curcumin. METHODS: The microglia were activated and stimulated by LPS at concentration of 5 μg/L. The supernatant of activated MCM was used to stimulate the hippocampal neurons. The morphology of the neurons was observed under light microscope and the survival rate was detected by MTT. The availability of respiration in the hippocampal neurons was determined by detecting the ratio of lactic acid/pyruvic acid, and the expression of 3 types of 1,4,5-inositol triphosphate (IP3R1, IP3R2, IP3R3) was detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The hippocampal neurons were damaged severely by the supernatant of activated MCM, and the morphology of the neurons changed significantly. Compared to control group, the ratio of lactic acid/pyruvic acid in MCM group was elevated and the expression levels of IP3R1 and IP3R3 in the hippocampal neurons were significantly increased. The ratio of lactic acid/pyruvic acid and the expression of IP3R1 in curcumin+MCM group were evidently lower than those in MCM group. However, no effect of curcumin on IP3R3 expression was observed, the changes of neural morphology was also ameliorated in curcumin+MCM group. CONCLUSION: Curcumin protects rat hippocampal neurons from damage induced by LPS-induced microglia condition medium.