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ObjectiveTo develop basic training courses for family doctor teams for people with disabilities. MethodsUtilizing the methods and theories of the World Health Organization (WHO) rehabilitation competency framework (RCF), and referring to the WHO universal health coverage global competency framework, the rehabilitation competency characteristics of family doctor teams for people with disabilities in community settings were analyzed, and a basic training course system for these teams based on the RCF was developed. Results and ConclusionBased on RCF, a competency framework for family doctor teams serving people with disabilities has been constructed. The objectives, content and training course system for basic rehabilitation training has been established.
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Objective To investigate the association between resting heart rate(RHR)and dyslipidemia. Methods A total of 772 subjects(average age:40. 1 ± 11.8 years;male:74. 7%)were recruited by random sampling method from medical checkup population. The survey data included resting heart rate,blood lipid and other metabolic parameters. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the RHR,as RHR ＜ 70 bpm,70 bpm ≤ RHR ＜ 80 bpm,RHR ≥ 80 bpm groups. Results RHR were positively correlated with triglyceides (TG),as well as total cholesterol(TC)(r = 0. 316 and r = 0. 110 respectively,all P value ＜ 0. 05). Low RHR had no significant correlation with HDL-C or LDL-C. The prevalences of hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia increased significantly with RHR elevation(χ2 = 7. 214 and 5. 285 respectively,all P value ＜ 0. 05). By logistic regression analysis,adjusted for BMI,gender,serum creatinine,serum uric acid,fasting blood glucose and age,we found that compared with RHR ＜ 70 bpm group,the odds ratio(OR)values for hypertriglyceridemia was 1. 540 (95%CI:1. 086-2. 185,P=0. 016)in 70 bpm≤RHR ＜80 bpm group and 1.640(95% CI:1.067 -2.523,P =0. 024)in 80 bpm ≤ RHR group,and the OR values for hypercholesterolemia was 1.197(95 % CI: 0.749 - 1.913,P=0.453)in70 bpm≤RHR ＜80 bpm group and 1.814(95% CI:1. 036-3. 177,P =0.037)in 80 bpm≤RHR group. Conclusions RHR is independently and positively correlated with the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia and the blood levels of both lipid. RHR has no significant correlation with HDL-C or LDL-C level.
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Objective To observe the influence of patient′s age, and the number of transferred-good-quality-embryos on multiple gestation rates in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET) cycles. Methods In this retrospective study, a total of 4395 patients who transferred fresh embryo between Jan 2004 and Nov 2006 was analyzed. According to the age, the patients were divided into 2 groups: aged < 35 (3442 cycles) or aged ≥135(953 cycles). We regularly transferred 2 -3 embryos. If the patients had only one embryo, one was transferred. And those patients who had only 2 embryos, even if they were more than 35 years old or it would be the second time for them to transfer, were transferred 2 embryos. The influence of female age and the number of good quality embryos transferred on the multiple gestation rates in IVF-ET cycle was analyzed. Results (1)The multiple gestation rate of the groups of 1 good quality embryo,2 good quality embryos, or 3 good quality embryos transferred were 21.08% (35/166), 31.41% (413/1315), and 42. 37% (75/177), respectively in women aged < 35, with a significant difference between them. The pregnancy rates of these groups were 29. 64% (166/560) ,51.63% (1315/2547) ,and 52. 84% (177/335), respectively; there were no significant differences between 2 good quality embryos transferred group and 3 good quality embryos transferred group. (2) The multiple gestation rates of the groups of 1 good quality embryo,2 good quality embryos, or 3 good quality embryos transferred were 19. 51% (8/41) ,20. 65% (19/ 92) ,and 40.66% (74/182), respectively, in women aged ≥ 35; there were no significant differences between 1 good quality embryo transferred group and 2 good quality embryos transferred group. The pregnancy rates of these groups were 19. 07% (41/215), 33.70% (92/273), and 39. 14% (182/465), respectively; there were no significant differences between 2 good quality embryos transferred group and 3 good quality embryos transferred group. (3) The pregnancy rate of the patients aged <35 [48. 17% ( 1658/ 3442) ]was significantly higher than in women aged ≥35[33.05% (315/953) ]. Conclusion The transfer of 2 good quality embryos results in similar pregnancy rates and significantly reduced multiple gestation rates when compared to the transfer of 3 good quality embryos in women regardless of their ages.
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BACKGROUND: As indicated by previous researches, aluminium (Al) could affect learning and memory of animals through many approaches in cluding affecting the stable status of intracellular calcium, decreasing protein kinase C(PKC) activity, and affecting the release of glutamic acid(Glu) . The formation of long-term potentiation(LTP) weakens in hip pocampal CA3 region of rats fed by forage containing Al. It could be found that Al would weaken evoked potential(EP) in hippocampal CA3 region and inhibit LTP formation, which might be related with the damaging effect of Al on L-Arg-NO approach through further application of acute Al administration, i.e., AlCl3 is directly injected into hippocampal CA3 region by microinjection.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the damaging effect of Al on learning and memory, and its correlation with cholinergic system and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system.DESIGN: A completelyrandomized controlled verifying study based on the experimental animals.SETTING: Department of psychology in a university and the medical college of an occupational technology college.MATERIALS: The study was conducted in the Laboratory of Neuro-Electrophysiology, the Faculty of Physiology, Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology between September 2000 and April 2001. Totally 68 SD rats of ordinary grade in either gender with a body mass between 150 g and 250 g were obtained from the Department of Experimental Animals of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and echnology.INTERVENTIONS: SD rats were randomly divided into 9 groups including normal NS ( NS ) control group ( n = 6): 1 μL of NS was injected twice ( 1 minute interval) into hippocampal CA3 region by microinjection; NS + AlCl3 group( n = 6): 1 μL of NS and 0.5 mol/L of AlCl3 were injected(1 minute interval) into hippocampal CA3 region by microinjection;NS + Tac group( n = 6): 1 μLof NS and 1 × 10-9 mol/L of Tacrine were injected in turn into hippocampal CA3 region by microinjection; NS + Bic group(n=6): 1 μL of NS and 1 × 10-3 mol/L of Bicuculline were injected in turn into hippocampal CA3 region by microinjection; Tac +AlCl3 group: 1 μL of 1 × 10-9 mol/L( n =8),1 × 10-10 mol/L ( n = 6) and 1 × 10-8 mol/L of Tacrine were firsdy injected into hippocampal CA3 region by microinjection, and 1 μL of 0. 5 mol/L AlCl3was injected 1 minute later; Bic + AlCl3 group: 1 μL of 1 × 10-3 mol/L( n = 9) and 1 × 10 -4 mol/L( n = 7) of Bicuculline were firstly injected into hippocampal CA3 region by microinjection, and 1 μL of 0.5 mol/L AlCl3 was injected 1 minute later. Population spike(PS) in hippocampal CA3 region was recorded after using single pulse to stimulate perforating fiber(PF). When PS became stable, medication was injected into hippocampal CA3 region to observe the impacts of Al on EP in hippocampal CA3 region and the impacts of some central transmitters on the effect of Al in in hibiting PS.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: PS evoked in hippocampal CA3 region;the impacts of Al on EP in CA3 region and the impacts of some central transmitters on the effect of Al in inhibiting PS. RESULTS: ① After the application of 0.5 mol/L of AlCl3 in hippocampalCA3 region by microinjection, the recorded amplitude of PS reduced to peakat 1 minute, which accounted for(33.8 ± 11. 0) % of the level beforemedication( n = 6). The inhibitive effect of AlCl3 lasted for 120 minutes. ② After the pre-application of 1 × 10-9 mol/L of Tacrine(cholinesterase in hibitor) into CA3 region by microinjection and the application of AlCl3 at oneminute later, it was found that Tacrine antagonized the inhibitive effects ofAlCl3 on PS within 1 to 30 minutes( n = 8) . Its antagonism would extend to60 minutes if 1 × 10-8 mol/L of Tacrine was administrated( n = 6) . How ever, the antagonism of 1 × 10-10 mol/L of Tacrine was weaker than that of 1×10-9 mol/L group within 3-5 minutes(n=6) ③ After thepre-application of 1 × 10-3 mol/L of Bicuculline into CA3 region by mi croinjection and the application of AlCl3 at one minute later, Bicucullinecould partially weaken the effects of AlCl3 within 1 to 20 minutes( n = 9). CONCLUSION: Al of certain concentration can inhibit the evoked PS am plitude in hippocampal CA3 region; Tacrine can antagonize Al' s effects andits antagonism might be related with dose. Hence, the inhibitive effects of Almight be related with the damage in Ach transmitter system. The applicationof Bicuculline, a GABAA inhibitor, also can weaken the PS inhibitive effectsof Al, which indicates that the inhibitive effect of Al also might be effective through GABA approach.