Analysis of 51 528 cases of perinatal birth defect monitoring in Hakka,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate and analyze the monitoring status of birth defects of perinatal infants in Hakka of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and to provide evidence for reducing the incidence of birth defects and improving prevention decision for the quality of birth.Methods The data of 51 528 cases of perinatal birth defects monitoring were analyzed in Bobai and Luchuan counties in 2015.Results The distribution of birth defects in the perinatal infants of Hakka was more than 75.14%,28.8% of the birth defects occurred in 28 weeks,51 528 cases of perinatal birth in hospital,birth defects of ≥28 weeks in 384 cases.The incidence rate of birth defects was 28.5%, the rate of birth was 7.45‰.The birth defect of ≥28 weeks was diagnosed,35 cases were fetal edema syndrome, accounted for 9.11%.34 cases were congenital heart disease,accounted for 8.85%,30 cases were cleft lip with cleft palate,accounted for 7.81%.Congenital hydrocephalus in 5 cases,accounted for 1.30%;other in 251 cases,accoun-ted for 65.35%.The diagnosed time distribution of birth defects of ≥28 weeks:prenatal diagnosis accounted for 21.18%,postnatal 7 days accounted for 78.82%.The outcome of ≥28 weeks of perinatal birth defects in Hakka:live birth accounted for 73.18%,fetal death accounted for 20.57%,stillbirth accounted for 1.30%,seven days of death accounted for 4.94%.Conclusion The perinatal birth defects in Hakka is live births to the main,the prevention of perinatal birth defects in children live birth measures should be strengthened,the detection of birth defects should be strengthened and the pregnancy of artificial birth defects should be terminated,so as to improve the quality of the birth population.

Effect of the cytoplasmic DNA sensor DAI on replication of hepatitis B virus / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of the cytoplasmic DNA sensor DAI on replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and its possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The hepatocyte-derived cell line HepG2 was co-transfected with DAI siRNA and the HBV1.3 replicative plasmid PHY106, and the cells were divided into two experimental groups. Six hours later, total RNA was extracted from the first group of cells and expression of IFIT1 and IL-6 were detected by real-time RT-PCR. The second group of cells was incubated for 4 days, after which the cell supernatant was collected and the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) were detected by ELISA. In addition, HBV core particles were extracted and applied to southern blot assay to detect the intracellular HBV replication intermediates (rcDNA, dlDNA and ssDNA). Next, the HepG2 cells were triple transfected with siRNA targeting the type I interferon pathway molecule TBK1 and DAI simultaneously and HBV1.3, after which HBV viral proteins were detected. Two-group comparisons were made using the independent sample t-test, and more-than-2-group comparisons were made using ANOVA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DAI gene expression was down-regulated in response to DAI siRNA transfection. Cells with down-regulated DAI showed inhibited HBV replication (in a dose-dependent manner), accompanied by reduced levels of HBsAg (0.0195+/-0.0050 vs.</p><p><b>CONTROL</b>0.3150+/-0.0200, P less than 0.05, t = 14.77) and HBeAg (0.0140+/-0.0040 vs.</p><p><b>CONTROL</b>0.01235+/-0.0135, P less than 0.05, t = 7.777). No effect of down-regulated DAI was observed for the expression of IFIT1 of IL-6. siRNA-mediated down-regulation of TBK1 and DAI simultaneously led to reduced expression of HBsAg and HBeAg.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Down-regulation of DAI gene expression inhibited HBV replication and HBV protein expression, but the underlying mechanism was not related to the type I interferon or NF-kB signaling pathway.</p>

Effects of yohimbine on norepinephrine release by locus coeruleus in stressed rats / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To study the cellular and molecular modulation mechanisms of norepinephrine (NE) release in hypothalamus induced by electrical stimulation in locus coeruleus (LC) in the rat model of depression-like behavior.Methods The depression-like behavior model was established by combining separation and chronic unpredictable stress stimulations.After the model establishment,behavior tests were used to verify the success of modeling.NE release in the hypothalamus induced by electrical stimulation in LC was studied in real time and NE signal was recorded with carbon fiber electrode.The peak value,the time to peak and half-life period of NE signal in both group rats were measured and analysed.Results The bodyweight,score of open-field test,percentage of sucrose preference of model group rats ((263.9± 16.4) g,(19.4±7.9),(44.3± 10.8) ％) were significantly lower than those((314.3±24.3) g,(53.3± 19.0),(60.6± 13.3) ％) of control group(P＜0.01).The peak value of NE signal in the hypothalamus induced by electrical stimulation in locus coeruleus in depression-like behavior model rats((176.9±50.4) pA)was less than that((361.6±88.6) pA)in control group(P＜0.01),and the time to peak of NE signal was also shortened in depression-like behavior model group rats (P＜0.05).Intraperitoneal injection of yohimbine (3 mg/kg) potentiated electrical stimulation induced NE release in depression-like behavior model rats but not in control group.Conclusion The chronic unpredictable stresses attenuate the secretion of NE in the hypothalamus induced by electrical stimulation in LC in rats.Yohimbine,a presynaptic α2 receptor antagonist,increased NE release in hypothalamus in depression-like behavior model rats.These findings suggest that the LC projects functionally to the hypothalamus and the projection may contribute to the pathogenesis of depression.

Effects of community management of maternal health on pregnancy outcomes / 中华全科医师杂志

The data were collected from 472 pregnant and parturient women in maternal system management at our center.All subjects were divided into the observation group (n =178 ) and the control group ( n =294) by the participation or non-participation of community management of maternal health.And the outcomes of pregnancy were analyzed for two groups.Compared with the control group,the observation group had a significantly higher correct rate of knowledge in maternal health ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The values of neonatal Apgar (5 min) score (9 ± 1 ) and breasffeeding rate (86.52％ ) increased while the caesarean rate (22.47％ ) declined (P ＜0.01 ).Community management of maternal healtb is effective in improving the pregnancy outcomes.

The correlation study on active avoidance behavior and electroencephalogram in rat with chronic unpredictable stress / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate whether there is correlation exists in the effection of chronic unpredictable stress on active avoidance behavior and electroencephalogram ( EEG) of rat. Methods Twenty male SD rats (weight～200 g) were randomly divided into control group( n= 10) and model group( n- 10). Rats in model group were subjected to chronic unpredictable stress . Active avoidance response were observed with GeminiTM avoid system and EEG power spectrum was evaluated with Powerlab system. Results The failure rate in active avoidance test was correlation with delta wave power in EEG. Compared with control group, rats in model group had reduced failure rate in active avoidance task(42 ±36)% vs (82 ±30)% , P＜0.05). The EEG power spectrum of model group rats increased in delta band((47.09 ±22.86)μV2 vs (22. 55 ± 11. 57) μV2, P＜0. 05), which had the significant difference between the two group rats. The failure rate of active avoidance task in model group rats was positive correlation with EEG power spectrum of delta wave (r = 0. 717, P ＜ 0. 05) . Conclusion Chronic unpredictable stress facilitated active avoid behavior and changed spontaneous EEG, which suggested chronic unpredictable stress actived the neurotransmitter network system involved with active avoidance task in central nervous system. Brain cognitive function correlated positively with brain electrophysiology activity measured in chronic unpredictable stress induced rat model.

Establishment of a functional cell line expressing both subunits of H1a and H2c of human hepatocyte surface molecule ASGPR / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To better understand the effect of a new split variant of human asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR H1b) on ASGPR ligands' binding ability, we established a functional cell line which expresses ASGPR. The full lengths of ASGPRH1a and H2c fragments from human liver were amplified by reverse transcript PCR (RT-PCR) and inserted into eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2EGFP, pCDNA3.1 (Zeo+) respectively. The recombinants were co-transfected into HeLa cells. After selection by using Neocin and Zeocin, a stably transfected cell line was established, which was designated 4-1-6. The transcription and expression of ASGPRH1a and H2c in 4-1-6 were confirmed by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The endocytosis function of the artificial "ASGPR" on the surface of 4-1-6 was tested by FACS. It was found that the cell line 4-1-6 could bind ASGPR natural ligand molecular asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). After the eukaryotic plasmid H1b/pCDNA3.1 (neo) was transfected into cell line 4-1-6, H1b did not down-regulate the ligand binding ability of ASGPR. The eukaryotic expression plasmid H1b/pcDNA3.1 (neo) and H2c/pcDNA3.1 (neo) were co-transfected transiently into Hela cell. Neither single H1b nor H1b and H2c could bind ASOR. In conclusion, a functional cell line of human asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) which expresses both H1a and H2c stably was established. The new split variant H1b has no effect on ASGPR binding to ASOR. ASGPRH1b alone can't bind to ASOR, it yet can't form functional complex with ASGPRH2c.

Preparation and identification of polyclonal antibody against protein H1b: the variant of major subunit of human ASGPR / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

AIM: To prepare and identify mouse polyclonal antibody against protein Hlb, which is the variant of major subunit of human ASGPR. METHODS: Hlb specific peptide was synthesized and coupled with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) for immunization. Then H1b-KLH conjugation was injected into mouse subcutaneously to produce polyclonal antibody. ELISA assay was used to detect the titer of the antibody. Antibody was also identified by Western blot and immunohistochemistry assays. RESULTS: Mouse antibody against Hlb was prepared after injection of H1bKLH conjugation. The titer of H1b antibody was about 1:10~5.Western blot confirmed its high specificity. This antibody could also be used for immunohistochemistry analysis. CONCLUSION: The successful preparation of the polyclonal antibody against protein H1b, which can discriminate the two variants of the major subunit of ASGPR with high specificity, will provide an efficient reagent for further study of the physiologic functions of H1b and its role in the pathogenesis of human disease.

Effects of sodium nitroprusside on glutamate-induced responses of supraoptic nucleus neurons in vitro / 中国药理学通报

Aim To realize the modulatory actions of nitric oxide(NO) on supraoptic nucleus(SON)neurons by observing the effects of NO donor sodium nitroprusside(SNP) on the SON neurons. Methods The cell electrophysiology properties were obtained by the intracellular recording techniques from the SON neurons in adult rat hypothalamic slices. Results Local pressure ejection of glutamate induced depolarizing responses with decrease of input resistance, concentration- and membrane potential-dependent properties in 12 SON neurons. The amplitude and duration of glutamate responses were suppressed by bath of SNP in 67% of tested cells(P

Inhibitory and excitatory effects of sodium nitroprusside on supraoptic nucleus neurons in vitro / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AimTo realize the regulatory actions of nitric oxide(NO) on supraoptic nucleus (SON) neurons by observing the effects of NO donor sodium nitroprusside(SNP) on SON neurons. Methods The cell electrophysioloical properties were obtained by the intracellular recording techniques from the SON neurons in adult rat hypothalamic slices. Results In 11 silent cells, superfusion of SNP(1 mmol · L-1) for 3～5 min resulted in the depolarization response with a decrease of membrane resistance and time constant(P＜0.05) in 55% of cells, while hyperpolarization with an increase of membrane resistance in 45 % of neurons. In 73% of tested cells, SNP also decreased the amplitude, overshoot, firing frequency and slope of current-voltage curve, and increased the afterhyperpolarization of action potentials evoked by intracellular depolarizing current pulses(P ＜0.05).However, SNP enhanced the spontaneous firing in 67% of 6 tested cells with spontaneous activities. ConclusionSNP presents an inhibitory or excitatory effect on SON neurons in aneurontype-andfunctionalstate-dependent manner, which suggests that NO may exhibit adverse regulatory actions on SON neurons.