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Objective To study the impact of sucrose analgesia on pain response and salivary cortisol levels in preterm infants.Method Preterm infants admitted to our hospital between January 2014 and October 2016 with gestational age ＜ 34 weeks,birth weight ＜ 2 000 grams,and length of hospital stay ≥ 14 days were prospectively assigned into two groups.The intervention group received 0.3 ～ 0.5 ml of 12％ sucrose solution two minutes before each painful procedure,while the control group received none.At time of discharge and at 8 months of corrected age (CA),pain response was measured,saliva samples were collected and salivary cortisol levels were assayed using Enzyme Immunoassay Kit before and after pain stimulus.Result A total of 82 infants were included in our study,42 in the intervention group,and 40 in the control group.There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in pain response at discharge and 8 months of CA.At time of discharge and at 8 months of CA,infants in intervention group had higher salivary cortisol levels than in control group at time of discharge and 8 months of CA after pain stimulus [6.8 (5.6,11.7) ng/ml vs.5.4 (2.6,10.8) ng/ml,5.0 (3.3,5.6) ng/ml vs.4.8 (3.0,5.5) ng/ml] after log transformation,two groups were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).However,before the pain stimulus,no differences were found between two groups.Multiple stepwise regressions analysis showed that salivary cortisol level post pain stimulus was negatively related to the total number of pain stimulus,and positively related to sucrose analgesia at discharge and 8 months of CA.Conclusion Sucrose analgesia may mitigate the negative effect of repeated pain stimulus on cortisol regulation in preterm infants,however,may have no influence on pain response of them.
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[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effect of phycocyanin on the apoptosis of human laryngeal cancer HEP-2 cells and to explore the inhibitory mechanism of phycocyanin to tumor.METHODS:Highly purified phycocyanin was ex-tracted from spirulina.The effects of phycocyanin at different concentrations on the growth of human laryngeal cancer HEP-2 cells were detected by MTT assay.In addition, the cell structures were observed under electron microscope.The cell ap-optosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.The production of reactive oxygen species ( ROS) was measured by flow cytometry. Enzymatic activities of caspase-3,-8 and-9 were measured by chemical colorimatry.The expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Fas, P53, caspase-3 and caspase-9 at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot.RESULTS:MTT test confirmed that phycocyanin inhibited the cell activity of HEP-2 cells with time and dose dependent manners.The result of electron microscope observation and flow cytometry indicated that phycocyanin induced the apoptosis of HEP-2 cells.The intracellular content of ROS was increased.The activities of caspase-3, -8 and -9 were increased.RT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of Bax, Fas, P53, caspase-3, caspase-9 was increased and Bcl-2 was decreased.The results of Western blot were consistent with the results of RT-PCR.CONCLUSION:Phycocyanin might induce apoptosis of HEP-2 cells by down-regulating Bcl-2, up-regulating Bax, Fas and P53, and the transduction of apoptotic signals in the human laryngeal cancer cells.
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Objective To study the effect of sevoflurane pretreatment or aftertreatment on intrapulmonary shunt for patients with one lung ventilation(OLV)during thoracic surgical procedures .Methods 80 ASA I or II patients underwent thoracic surgery with OLV were randomly divided into four groups(n= 20 for each):(1)Propofol group(group P);(2)Sevoflurane pretreatment group(group S1);(3)Sevoflurane aftertreatment group(group S2);(3)Sevoflurane whole-treatment group(group S3) .Blood sam-ples were taken from radial artery and right atrial blood before induction of anesthesia(baseline T .0) ,before OLV(sevoflurane pre-treatment 30 min ,T1) ,after OLV 30 ,60 min and before the end of OLV(T2-T4)and after the end of OLV(T5)for measurement of blood gases and calculation of Qs/Qt .The indexs of hemodynamics and relative clinical data were recorded .Results Arterial oxy-gen pressure of the four groups for OLV significantly reduced ,when compared with double lung ventilation(P0 .05) .Intrapulmonary shunt of the four groups for OLV significantly in-creased ,when compared with double lung ventilation(P 0 .05) .Conclusion Sevoflurane can decrease intrapulmonary shunt for patients during OLV ,but there is no significant difference for pretreatment or af-tertreatment or whole treatment and do not increase arterial oxygen pressure .
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Objective To study the structures of the plasmids of Klebsiella pneumoniae KF3 at the genome metagenome level througth with whole plasmid DNA sequencing, to analyze the functional genes carried by plasmid and to identify the correlation of resistance and pathogenicity between the plasmids and the host strains. Methods The alkaline lysis method was used to extract plasmids. We constructed the small insert pUC18 library and the large insert Forsmid library, sequenced and used the Phred / Phrap / Consed package to assemble these sequences and gained a complete sequence. The open reading frame(ORFs) were predicted by the Glimmer software and annotated, analyzed the functions of these genes. Results We successfully constructed the pUC18 library and the Fosmid libraries for the plasmid DNA and obtained three circular double-stranded DNA plasmids: pKF3-70 (69 477 bp), pKF3-90 (91 327 bp) and pKF3-147 ( 147 416 bp). There were drug resistant genes, conjugative transfer genes and mobile DNA elements identified on three plasmids. Conclusion The three plasmids of KF3 could be transferred among different strains. It would lead to the dissemination of the resistant genes.
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AIM: To investigate the effect of diltiazem on mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP) and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) in arterioles in chronic hypoxic hypercapnic rats. METHODS: Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group(A),hypoxic hypercapnic group(B), hypoxic hypercapnia+ diltiazem group (C), constitutive endothelial NOS(ceNOS) were observed in arterioles of rats using the technique of immunohistochemistry,ceNOS mRNA were observed by the technique of in situ hybridization . RESULTS: (1)mPAP was significantly higher in rats of B group than that of A and C group( P 0 05),but mCAP was lower in rats of C group than that in B group.(2)Light microscopy showed WA/TA (vessel wall area/total area) was significantly lower in rats of C group than that of B group ( P
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AIM: To study the effect of hypoxia and hypercapnia on nitric oxide (NO) in plasma and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), cyclic guanosine monophospholate (cGMP) in lung tissue in rats, and to explore the effect of NO- and H_2O_2-sGC pathway on the development of the pulmonary hypertension. METHODS: The model of hypoxic and hypercapnic 1, 2, 4-week group (HH 1 week, HH 2 weeks, HH 4 weeks) and control group was set up. NO content in plasma, CAT and SOD in rat lung were determined by spectrophotometry. The sGC activity in lung tissue was detected by enzyme kinetic analysis. cGMP content in lung tissue was examined with ~ 125 I-radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) showed significantly higher in HH 1 week, HH 2 weeks and HH 4 weeks groups compared with control group (all P