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Diabetes complications are the primary cause of disability and mortality in diabetic patients. As the center of cell energy metabolism, mitochondria dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence and development of various microvascular complications. This review focuses on common complications, including diabetic ulcers, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy, and on the research progress of mitochondrial function and oxidative stress involving pathological mechanisms of diabetic microvascular complications. We also conclude and update the theoretical basis for targeting mitochondrial oxidative stress in the treatment of these diseases.
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Objective:To assess plasma microfibrillar associated protein 5(MFAP5) level in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS), and to explore its relationship with glucose and lipid metabolism as well as sex hormones.Methods:Fifty PCOS patients and 65 healthy female subjects were selected as PCOS group and control group, respectively. Clinical data and plasma MFAP5 levels between the two groups were compared.Results:The plasma MFAP5 level in PCOS group was significantly higher than that in control group( P<0.01), and the plasma MFAP5 level in PCOS overweight subgroup was higher than that in control subgroup( P<0.01). No difference was observed in plasma MFAP5 level between the two non-overweight subgroups( P>0.05). Correlation analysis showed that plasma MFAP5 level was positively correlated with waist circumference, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, fasting insulin, homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR), HbA 1C, testosterone, LH/FSH ratio, and leukocyte( P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant correlation of MFAP5 with body weight, body mass index(BMI), hip circumference, waist hip ratio, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C), triglyceride, total cholesterol, and blood glucose( P>0.05). In PCOS group, plasma MFAP5 level was positively correlated with body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, total cholesterol, and leukocyte( P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant correlation of MFAP5 with waist hip ratio, HDL-C, triglyceride, blood glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, leukocyte, and sex hormones( P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that MFAP5 was an independent risk factor for PCOS( P<0.05). Conclusion:Plasma MFAP5 level is increased in PCOS patients and is closely related to BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and total cholesterol. Plasma MFAP5 is an independent risk factor for PCOS, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, and more attention has been paid to the treatment strategies targeting mitochondrial function in these diseases. Our group has been devoted to exploring the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction such as mitochondrial oxidative stress and energy metabolism, as well as various diabetic complications. This review highlighted recent progresses in the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of diabetic ulcer, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver and their correspondent molecular pathways, tried to explore the feasibility of targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in the treatment of these diseases.
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Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, and more attention has been paid to the treatment strategies targeting mitochondrial function in these diseases. Our group has been devoted to exploring the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction such as mitochondrial oxidative stress and energy metabolism, as well as various diabetic complications. This review highlighted recent progresses in the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of diabetic ulcer, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver and their correspondent molecular pathways, tried to explore the feasibility of targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in the treatment of these diseases.
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Skeletal muscle plays an important role in body movement and metabolic homeostasis,and its structural and functional changes are associated with many diseases. Skeletal muscle mass reduction is very common in metabolic disorders. Here we intended to discuss the impacts of diabetes on skeletal muscle mass, as well as its potential mechanisms and prevention measures.
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Oxidative stress played an important role in the development of diabetes and its complications. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway is one of the most vital endogenous antioxidant pathways. Accumulated evidences indicated that the relationship between diabetes and NRF2 pathway attracted more and more attention in recent years. Our group has devoted ourselves to the researches concerning the chronic complications of diabetes and NRF2 pathways. This review highlighted our recent progresses in the underlying mechanism of the protective role of NRF2 in diabetic nephropathy, diabetic ulcers and diabetic amyotrophy. Finally, the possibility of NRF2 agonists applied to clinical therapy for diabetic chronic complications was explored.
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As a key of military medical stodents education,clinical practice teaching continues to progress with the changing needs of society and the army advances.Transforming teaching philosophy,reforming curriculum,strengthening the hardware construction,improving the faculty building,exploring new models of teaching,practicing learner-centered teaching are important teaching experiences,according to the actual situation in our hospital for many years.In this paper,we illustrate the main contradiction,the current response measures taken and achievement achieved
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Type 2 diabetic rats were treated with recombiriant adenovirus expressing human adiponectin (Ad-APN).The results showed that the levels of both plasma C-reactive protein and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were significantly decreased in Ad-APN-treated diabetic rats compared with those of diabetic rats [(18.73±4.66 vs 23.60±4.25)mg/L and (14.91±1.79 vs 19.09±2.95) ng/ml,both P＜0.01].These results suggest that increased serum concentration of adiponectin may improve the status of inflammation in diabetes mellitus.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of exogenous adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of human apM1 gene (Ad-apM1) on malonaldehyde (MAD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Methods HUVEC proliferation was measured by MTT after infection by AdapM1. Adiponetin protein level in cell culture medium of HUVEC cells infected with Ad-apM1 was detected by double antibody sandwich ELISA. The levels of MAD and SOD were measured by chromatometry. Results MTT assay showed that Ad-apMl had no effect on HUVEC proliferation. Human adiponectin protein levels in cell culture medium significantly increased after HUVEC was infected with Ad-apM1 for 24, 48, and 72 h, along with decreased MAD and increased SOD ( all P<0.05 ). MAD levels markedly increased and SOD levels decreased after HUVEC were incubated with 100 μmol/L H2O2 for 6, 12, and 24 h, and these reactions were reversed by AdapM1 transfection (all P<0.05 ). Conclusions HUVEC infected with Ad-apM1 effectively secrete human adiponectin. Ad-apM1 exerts antioxidation effect and antagonizes H2O2 -induced endothelial injury.
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Diversified clinical practice mode will be explored preliminarily in population of Eight-year MD in military medical university.The successful teaching includes ideological education with military character,standard and systemic clinical traning,liberal arts education and emphasizing medical consciousness.
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Objective To investigate the changes of GP130 expression in rats with pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy, and the effect of Benazepril on GP130 expression and the concerned cardiac hypertrophy. Methods Two weeks after the Wistar rat model of pressure overload was established by constriction of abdominal aorta, the survived rats were randomly divided into hypertrophy group (LVH, n=7) and Benazepril intervention group (Ben, n=7, 1 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 Benazepril orally for 3 weeks). A sham-operation group (Sham, n=7) was set up as control. Blood pressure and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were investigated at 3th week after model establishment. AngⅡ level in myocardium was measured by radioimmunoassay. The protein level of GP130 in cardiomyocytes was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results As compared with the Sham group, blood pressure and LVMI increased significantly (P
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Objective To investigate the changes of cardiotrophin-1(CT-1) expression in rats with pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy,and the effects of benazepril on this expression and the concerned cardiac hypertrophy.Methods The model of pressure overload was established by constriction of abdominal aorta and divided randomly into hypertrophied group(LVH,n=7) and benazepril intervention group(Ben,n=7,benazepril 1mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) orally)2 weeks later.A sham-operation group(Sham,n=7) served as control.Blood pressure and left ventricular mass index(LVMI) were investigated after 3 weeks' treatment.AngⅡ level in myocardium was measured by radioimmunoassay.The mRNA level of CT-1 was examined by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the sham group, blood pressure and LVMI in LVH group were increased significantly(P