ABSTRACT
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the main cause of viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and primary liver cancer. At present, nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUC) and pegylated interferon α used in clinical practice cannot directly target covalently closed circular DNA, and it is difficult to achieve clinical cure of chronic hepatitis B patients; therefore, it is urgently needed to develop direct-acting antiviral agents targeting all stages of the HBV replication cycle. Capsid assembly modulator (CpAM) targets the assembly of viral capsids through various mechanisms, thereby exerting a direct-acting antiviral effect. Its combination with NUC should have a good synergistic antiviral effect, but the results of existing clinical trials have shown that chronic hepatitis B patients who received a limited course of antiviral therapy with CpAM and NUC all experienced off-therapy viral rebound. Based on the mechanism of action of these two types of drugs, this article provides a reasonable explanation for the above clinical trial results and points out that a longer course of antiviral therapy with CpAM and NUC may be needed in the future clinical trials with safe drug withdrawal as the end point of observation, so as to deplete or silence the pool of covalently closed circular DNA and increase the possibility of safe drug withdrawal in CHB patients. In addition, further studies are needed to explore antiviral therapeutic strategies with a combination of multiple targets.
ABSTRACT
This article describes the design and development of an ultrasonic power meter which is consist of an electronic balance, a practice target, an acoustic enclosures and a blocking. The electronic balance mounted on the blocking is linked with the practice target by connecting rod. By adjusting the blocking makes the practice target suspended above ultrasound probe, and then the ultrasonic power can be measured. After initial tests, the ultrasonic power meter performanced with good stability and high precision.
Subject(s)
Equipment Design , UltrasonicsABSTRACT
Medical equipment is important means and powerful tool in using for disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, care and rehabilitation. It is widely used in clinical medicine and daily life. But, the relevant laws and regulations and technical capacity is lagging behind, resulted in their use of the process may cause harm to patients. In this paper, Guangdong Medical Devices Quality Surveillance and Test Institute found the the problems in testing of medical devices in use in guangzhou city and in other areas of guangdong province four years and summarizes, provide advice how to strengthen and improve in the regulation of medical devices in the future.
Subject(s)
Equipment and Supplies , Reference Standards , Quality Control , Safety ManagementABSTRACT
In order to solve the problems about the lack of investing capital and to evade investing risk,a military hospital can achieve better economic benefit by introducing cooperative medical items.This method can not only make full use of its own good invisible assets and medical resource,but also help to raise its level of medical service and expand its market of medical service.To make a good item of cooperative medical service,special attentions must be payed to the following aspects such as prophase demonstrating,contract signing,partitionning of income and expenditure,financial accouting and daily accouting.