ABSTRACT
Massive hemoptysis is one of the most dreaded of all respiratory emergencies and can have a variety of underlying causes. It is mostly caused by bleeding from bronchial circulation. Bronchial artery embolization is now considered to be the treatment of choice for acute massive hemoptysis. Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) is a safe and effective nonsurgical treatment for patients with massive hemoptysis. However, nonbronchial systemic arteries can be a significant source of massive hemoptysis and a cause of recurrence after successful BAE. So knowledge of the bronchial artery anatomy, together with an understanding of the pathophysiologic features of massive hemoptysis, are essential for planning and performing BAE in affected patients. In addition, interventional radiologists should be familiar with the techniques, results, efficacy, safety and possible complications of BAE and with the characteristics of the various embolic agents. Bronchial arterial catheterisation in human via a percutaneous approach has been practiced for 32 years (1973) in the world and 20 years (1986) in China, initially for direct chemotherapy treatment for bronchial malignancies and then for the embolization of patients with massive haemoptysis. A review of clinical experience to evaluate technique,embolic materials,outcome and complications of BAE is presented.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the clinical and radiological findings of skeletal desmoplastic fibromas.Methods Radiographs of six patients with desmoplastic fibromas proved by pathology were retrospectively reviewed.Results Two tumors arose in femur,two in tibia,one in radius and one in humur.In plain radiography,these lesions were always metaphyseal and expansile lytic with a reactive bony rim(n=6).They often had a trabeculated or honeycomb appearance into lesion and four tumors invaded adjacent soft tissue.Conclusion Desmoplastic fibromas of long bones are nearly always metaphyseal.Radiographs disclose a expansile lytic lesion with a sclerotic rim and a trabeculated apperance into it.And the "root hair"sign is fairly characteristic for this tumor.No calcification and periosteal reaction can be seen.