ABSTRACT
Plant derived phytochemicals consisting of phenols and flavonoids possess antioxidant properties, eventually renders a lucrative tool to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the current study various in vitro assay strategies were implemented to evaluate antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of pet ether extract of seeds of Artocarpus chama Buch., using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, reducing power antioxidant capacity, total antioxidant capacity, determination of total phenol and flavonoid contents and cytotoxic activity test using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Preliminary phytochemical study revealed the presence of flavonoid and alkaloid in the extract. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, the fraction showed significant antioxidant activities in the assay compared to the reference ascorbic acid in a dose dependent manner.The IC50 value of the crude pet ether extract was 36.87 μg/mL, whereas IC50 value for the reference ascorbic acid was 14.56 μg/mL. Moreover, profound total antioxidant activity (3676.4 mg/g equivalent to ascorbic acid) was observed at 200 μg/mL extract concentration. Furthermore, extract showed good cupric reducing power and reducing power capability. In addition, significant amount of phenols and flavonoids content were obtained from the extract. The extract also displayed strong cytotoxic potential with LC50 value of 7.19 μg/mL in brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that significant antioxidant potential as well as cytotoxic potential of pet ether extract, might be due to the attributes of high amount of phenols and flavonoids present in the extract.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of different parts of the plant Moringa oleifera Lam. Disc diffusion method and brine shrimp lethality bioassay were used for antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic activity respectively. Chloroform fractions of leaf and fruit part have shown moderate antimicrobial activity with zone of inhibition (ZOI) ranging from 9-28 mm against all the experimental microbes. Ethyl acetate fraction of bark and fruit found to have highest antimicrobial activity with zone of inhibition (ZOI) 36 mm against Shigella dysphoria. Pet ether fraction of bark but not leaf showed activity against Bacillus megaterium. Pet ether fraction of bark showed highest activity against Candida albicans with zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 35 mm while chloroform fraction of the leaf showed highest activity against Bacillus megaterium with zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 25 mm. All the fractions were found to have potential cytotoxic activity having LC50 values ranging from 0.43-1.18 μg/ml in comparison with vincristine sulphate having LC50 value of 0.53 μg/ml. Ethyl acetate fraction of fruit showed highest cytotoxic activity with LC50 value of 0.43 μg/ml while pet ether fraction of bark showed lowest cytotoxic activity with LC50 value of 1.18 μg/ml.
ABSTRACT
Ethanolic extract of Sterculia villosa barks were studied for anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic activity. The acute oral toxicity showed that the ethanolic extract of S. villosa barks was safe until 4000mg/kg body weight and no macroscopical organ abnormalities were observed in acute oral models. The investigations on Albino (Wistar) rats at dosage of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of ethanolic extract of Sterculia villosa barks were made for aniti-inflammatory action by using carrageenan induced paw edema and cotton pellete granuloma technique. The results of the study suggested significant dose dependent activity of extracts as compared to control group for both acute and chronic inflammation. Ethanolic extract also showed significant antidiabetic activity at dose dependent manner compared to diabetic untreated group.
ABSTRACT
Cassia senna leaves belonging to the family Fabaceae have been investigated for the presence of its secondary metabolites and evaluation of biological activities of the crude extracts with special emphasis to the antimicrobial activity, cytotoxic activity and thrombolytic activity. The antimicrobial activities of n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate & methanolic extracts of C. senna leaves were screened against five gram(+) bacteria, eight gram(-) bacteria and three fungi by ‘disc diffusion method’. The methanol extract possesses no antimicrobial activity but chloroform and n-hexane fractions exhibited moderate to less activity against some organisms tested compared with the standard antibiotic Kanamycin. Brine shrimp lethality bio-assay was done using brine shrimp Nauplii and dimethyl sulfoxide as a solvent for the methanol extracts of C. senna. The LC50 value (1.5625) of methanol extract of the plant indicated that the cytotoxicity was very significant. The percentages found in thrombolytic tests are 41.46%, 53.22%, 33.33%, 4.08% and standard 92.85%. So, in comparison with standard, C. senna can be further use as mild thrombolytic agent.