Anti-HBs in immunized children with cuban hepatitis B vaccine and impact of booster dose after five years

Hepatitis B virus infection and associated diseases are a major public health problem. This study was planned to find out the persistence of antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen in Iranian vaccinated children after five years. Anti-HBs titers in a group of healthy good - responder children who were vaccinated with Cuban hepatitis B vaccine in infancy were measured after five years. Children with antibody titers <100mlU/mI were revaccinated and retested after four weeks. Mean anti-HBs titers in 68 children [29 females, 39 males] were 482.1mIU/mL at six months after the third dose of primary vaccination and 153mIU/mL at five years later. Total mean anti-HBs titers in 36 [52.9%] children out of 68 [17 females, 19 males] were 38.3mIU/ml and 4 [5.8%] of 68 children [two of each sexes] had no detectable antibody after five years. Total mean anti-HBs titers in these hypo- responder and non- responder were 774.3mIU/mL and 625.5mIU/mL respectively after booster dose. In a group of children, who were immunized with Cuban hepatitis B vaccine from birth, anti-HBS titers fell at 6.5 years of age and almost half of children became hypo responder or no responder and their anti-HBs titers developed secondary rise after booster vaccination. All children showed immunologic memory to a booster dose

Response of booster dose of cuban recombinant Hepatitis-B vaccine in nonresponder and hyporesponder children

Acute hepatitis B infection can debilitate a patient for weeks and occasionally has a fatal outcome, while chronic infection is a major threat to the individual. To assess response of nonresponder and hyporesponder children to booster dose of Cuban recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. An interventional, descriptive study has been conducted on children who had been immunized with Cuban recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine and their antibody titers were <10mIU/ml [nonresponder] and 10-100mIU/ml [hyporesponder] administered booster dose of the same vaccine in their Deltoid muscles. The response of 141 children with the mean age of 1.9 years to booster dose of vaccine were 94.3% and 100% vaccinees with the first and second booster dose of vaccination respectively. The anti-HBs titer in nonresponders and hyporesponders were 468 +/- 346 and 783 +/- 346mIU/ml respectively with significant differences between two groups [P=0.001]. This study demonstrate moderately increase antibody production in the majority of vaccinees with single supplementary vaccine

Biochemical findings in rickets among adolescent girls

To determine daily calcium, Vitamin D intake and serum biochemical findings of rickets in adolescent girls.A total of 414 healthy adolescent student girls aged 11-15 years were evaluated from various areas of Tehran, Iran with different socioeconomic status. A randomized, cross-sectional, prospective and descriptive study was undertaken for calculation of daily calcium, phosphorus intake and vitamin D acquirement by sunlight exposure by seven day recall record questionnaire. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline-phosphatase levels were measured.The serum abnormal biochemical findings of girls were divided as follows: normal or low calcium with raised alkaline phosphatase, group I; normal or low calcium with raised alkaline phosphatase, normal or raised parathyroid hormone, low 25-hydroxyvitamin D, group II; and low phosphorus and 25-hydroxyvitamin D with raised parathyroid hormone, group III.Atotal of 44 [10.62%] girls of 414 had abnormal biochemical findings, of these 29 [7%] were in group 1, 9 [2.17%] in group II, and 6[1.45%] in group III. The mean daily calcium intake and vitamin D acquirement by sunlight exposure and dietary intake were 360.85+350.50mg and 119.2+52.9 IU respectively. All girls had inadequate dietary calcium and vitamin D intake. All had less than 40 minutes sun exposure per day.This survey demonstrated that abnormal biochemical findings of rickets can occur even in sunny climates and are is caused by two factors, inadequate calcium intake as the major factor and vitamin D deficiency as a minor factor