ABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of our project work was to assess the thrombolytic activity of five common Bangladeshi plant extract in different solvent. Five plants are Geodorum densiflorum (Shankhamul), Pistia stratiotes (Topa Pana), Smilax zeylanica (Kumarilata), Pandanus foetidus (Keya) & Tabernaemontana coronaria (Tagar). Plants were collected and air dried separately for three weeks. They were ground into a coarse powder. Cold extractions were performed for all plants by using different solvents. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacy, University of Chittagong and University of Science and Technology Chittagong, November, 2013. Methodology: Fresh blood was collected from healthy individuals ten volunteers (n=10). Blood was allowed to form clots in a pre-weighed sterile micro-centrifuge eppendorf tubes. After clot serum was removed and blood clot was weighed then blood clot was allowed to lysis by streptokinase. After lysis fluid was removed and the remaining of blood clot was again weighed along with the tube. Percentage of blood clot lysis was calculated on the basis of the weight difference. Weight difference of tubes obtained by weighing before and after clot lyses of blood. % clot lysis=(Weight after clot lysis/ Weight of clot before lysis)×100. This method was repeated for all extracts. Result: Among the herbs studied Pandanus foetidus (C), Pandanus foetidus (PE), Smilax zeylanica (E) and Pistia stratiotes-Root (M) showed significant % of clot lysis 47.54% 41.49%, 43.35% and 35.85% respectively with reference to standard, streptokinase (70.24%). Conclusion: These extracts lyse the blood clots In-vitro, however, we need to know In-vivo clot dissolving property. Further systemic research on these plants and may be a potential source of thrombolytic agent in future.
ABSTRACT
Aims: The present study was aimed at investigating the phytoconstituents in order to correlate the folkloric claims with the bioactive compounds present in Casuarina equisetifolia. Also evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic property of Casuarina equisetifolia. Methodology: In the present study, the leaf extracts were investigated for different phytochemical groups using specified reagents. Antioxidant activity by following DPPH free radical scavenging study, antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method and cytotoxic activity by Brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay procedures. Results: The qualitative phytochemical screening revealed that the extract contains alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, steroids, etc. The extract showed strong antioxidant activity in DPPH free radical scavenging study (IC50: 25.89μg/mL), while, it showed moderate cytotoxic activity in Brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay study (LC50: 77.98μg/mL). It also showed mild antibacterial activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Conclusion: The present study tends to suggest the antioxidant, cytotoxic and mild antibacterial activity of MeOH extract of Casuarina equisetifolia.
ABSTRACT
Fenofibrate is a poor water soluble drug having poor rate of dissolution. In this research work we tried to enhance dissolution of fenofibrate by following solid dispersion of fenofibrate formulations with different dissolution enhancing polymers likeHPMC 6cps, Poloxamer 188, Poloxamer 407, PEG 6000. Total twenty four formulations were prepared with this polymers in single or combinations. If the solid dispersion is first, other parameters like dissolution, bioavailability will be first. Dissolution of all the formulations were tested for % drug release profile, mean dissolution time, assay and uniformity of drug content and % recovery was calculated. From all formulations, F3, F5, F6, F9, F10, F12 and F14 shows greater dissolution of fenofibrate 93.64%, 83.66%, 100.53%, 100.61%, 100.95% and 83.06% respectively within 60 minutes of dissolution and also decreases the mean dissolution time. Based on in-vitro dissolution results and drug release model kinetics, we can decide that these formulations are able to increase the dissolution as well as can increase the absorption rate and bioavailability of fenofibrate. Finally we can conclude that, these formulations enhance the dissolution and bioavailability of Fenofibrate and good formulation candidates for Fenofibrate in future.
ABSTRACT
Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.) is a common plant and fruits very popular in Bangladesh. It is a common ingredient of many traditional and herbal medicines. The intention of the present study was to explore the scientific relation with the traditional use of the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.). Antimicrobial screening, analgesic activity, antidiarrheal activity and the brine shrimp lethality test for cytotoxic activity screening are the selected pharmacological activities. Phytochemical analysis of ethanolic fruits extract confirms that the fruit contain flavonoids, alkaloids, tannin, steroids, reducing sugar and gum. Experimental screening confirms that the fruit extract produced 19.07% and 38.67% writhing inhibition at the oral dose of 250 and 500mg/kg-body weights respectively. That means ethanol extract of the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.) has an analgesic property. The ethanolic fruit extract of Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.) also significantly inhibited ear edema formation in xylene induced ear edema, considered as direct evidence that supporting the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic fruit extract of Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.) The fruit extract ha a remedy for a different bacterial disease is supported by the antibacterial screening tests. During the antidiarrheal activity screening at the dose of 500mg/kg-body weight, Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.) showed a moderate antidiarrheal activity in castor oil induced test in mice and caused an increase in latent period i.e. delayed the onset of diarrheal episode and decreased the frequency of defecation. T-test of these responses showed that the result is significant throughout the observation period. The ethanolic fruits extract have cytotoxic activity and test sample showed different mortality rate at different concentrations. The LC50 values were found to be 60μg/ml for the crude extract. The 90% mortality (LC90) values were 100μg/ml respectively. According to the results of the present investigation, we can conclude that the ethanolic fruits extract of Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.) has significant analgesic, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-diarrheal and cytotoxic effects. This study also suggests us to isolate the active compound(s) responsible for those pharmacological properties.