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1.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 46(2): e052, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365624

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Introduction: Medical residency is a specialization established as the gold standard for the training of specialists. It is a transformative professional phase for the young physician, aimed at improving the quality of medical training. By fostering the resident's training while providing assistance to the users, the preceptor becomes a type of interlocutor between teaching and assistance. This professional needs to encourage their residents to develop their clinical and ethical sense, and it is generally reported that the preceptors are not trained for their teaching duties. Objective: to analyze the preceptors' experiences and understandings related to the teaching activity in medical residencies. Method: Descriptive and quantitative study, consisting of 300 preceptors, of all age groups and genders, from Maceió, Alagoas. A questionnaire created and validated by Girotto was applied, containing 35 statements, divided into five factors, with emphasis on the preceptors' opinions on several topics involving their activities. The percentages of positive and negative perceptions about each statement were analyzed. Results: There was a predominance of positive perceptions about the aptitude for educational activities (88.67%), development of theoretical-practical correlations in preceptorship (96%), perception of the need for learning (98.33%) and updating (87%). There was also a positive perception related to the presence of essential resources for teaching activities (71%); additionally, 91% of the preceptors reported that preceptorship integrates the resident into their team. However, it is noteworthy the fact that preceptorship constitutes non-remunerated work (75.34%), as well as the non-performance of pedagogical training (72%). Conclusion: The preceptors are part of an adequate environment for their teaching activities, with appropriate physical structure, in addition to support from the management and the institution. They feel able to teach, but in general they have not received teaching training. The residents are adequately incorporated into the residency environment, improving the service. However, overall, the preceptors are not paid for this work.


Resumo: Introdução: A residência médica é uma especialização estabelecida como padrão-ouro para formar especialistas. Trata-se de uma fase profissional transformadora para o jovem médico, cuja finalidade é aprimorar a qualidade da formação médica. Ao atuar na formação do residente ao mesmo tempo que presta assistência aos usuários, o preceptor se torna uma espécie de interlocutor entre o ensino e a assistência. Cabe a esse profissional estimular os residentes a desenvolver senso clínico e ético, e há relatos de que, em geral, o preceptor não possui preparação para as funções docentes. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as vivências e os entendimentos dos preceptores em relação à atividade de ensino nas residências médicas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e quantitativo, composto por 300 preceptores, de todas as faixas etárias e sexos, realizado em Maceió, em Alagoas. Foi aplicado um questionário elaborado e validado por Girotto, contendo 35 afirmações, divididas em cinco fatores, com ênfase nas opiniões dos preceptores sobre vários temas envolvendo suas atividades. Analisaram-se os percentuais de percepção positiva e de percepção negativa sobre cada afirmação. Resultado: Houve predomínio de percepção positiva sobre aptidão para atividades educacionais (88,67%), desenvolvimento de correlações teórico-práticas na preceptoria (96%), percepção de necessidade de aprendizagem (98,33%) e atualização (87%). Também houve percepção positiva sobre a presença de recursos essenciais para as atividades docentes (71%); além disso, 91% dos preceptores relataram que a preceptoria integra o residente na sua equipe. Porém, é interessante o fato de a preceptoria ser uma tarefa não remunerada (75,34%). Além disso, não há capacitações pedagógicas (72%). Conclusão: Os preceptores estão inseridos em um ambiente adequado para suas atividades docentes, com estrutura física apropriada, além de contarem com suporte da chefia e da instituição. Sentem-se aptos para ensinar, porém, em geral, não receberam capacitação docente. Os residentes estão adequadamente inseridos no ambiente da residência, o que resulta na melhora do serviço. Contudo, os preceptores, em geral, não são remunerados para essa tarefa.

2.
An. bras. dermatol ; 93(2): 282-284, Mar.-Apr. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887202

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is an uncommon neoplasm that is most often seen in young adults. The most common clinical presentation is the protruding form; however, other subtypes are known, such as the atrophic. In 2012 there were only 33 reports of this variant in the literature. Many cases of Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in children are only discovered in adulthood because they were not diagnosed early. Due the high morbidity, we raise the need for attention from the dermatologist to recognize uncommon neoplasms in the clinical practice. We report a case of a 15-year-old patient diagnosed with atrophic Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans on the back.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Dermatofibrosarcoma/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Biopsy , Immunohistochemistry , Treatment Outcome , Dermatofibrosarcoma/surgery
3.
An. bras. dermatol ; 92(5): 721-723, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887044

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Syringocystadenoma papilliferum and tubular apocrine adenoma are rare benign sweat gland tumors. Syringocystadenoma papilliferum occurs alone or in association with other tumors. Although it is rare, the association of tubular apocrine adenoma with syringocystadenoma papilliferum developing in a sebaceous nevus on the scalp is well documented. However, the co-existence of these two tumors without the background of a sebaceous nevus has not been frequently reported. Syringocystadenoma papilliferum and tubular apocrine adenoma may have a histopathological overlap, but a few cases of a syringocystadenoma papilliferum combined with a tubular apocrine adenoma have been reported. Herein we describe an unusual case of syringocystadenoma papilliferum co-existing with a tubular apocrine adenoma located on the back of a 14-year-old patient in the absence of a pre-existing sebaceous nevus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Sweat Gland Neoplasms/pathology , Syringoma/pathology , Cystadenoma/pathology , Tubular Sweat Gland Adenomas/pathology , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology , Sweat Gland Neoplasms/surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Tubular Sweat Gland Adenomas/surgery , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/surgery
4.
An. bras. dermatol ; 88(6): 969-972, Nov-Dec/2013. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-699002

ABSTRACT

Schistosomiasis mansoni is a systemic disease caused by a helminth of the schistosoma genus. The disease is generally asymptomatic or gastrointestinal symptoms may predominate. Skin lesions related to the disease are rarely diagnosed, even in endemic areas. The authors report the case of a young girl diagnosed with cutaneous schistosomiasis with involvement of the abdomen, back and scapular region. Schistosoma eggs were found in the lesions by histopathologic exam. There was no evidence of systemic involvement. Schistosomiasis must be included in the list of differential diagnosis of skin damage, especially in endemic areas, due to the potential consequences, in case of late diagnosis and treatment.


A esquistossomose mansônica é uma doença sistêmica causada por um helminto do gênero Schistosoma, geralmente assintomática ou com predomínio de manifestações gastrointestinais. Lesões cutâneas relacionadas à doença são raramente diagnosticadas, mesmo em áreas endêmicas. Relata-se um caso de uma jovem com história de lesões papulosas no abdome, no dorso e na região escapular direita, de distribuição zosteriforme. O exame histopatológico demonstrou a presença de ovos de Schistosoma nessas lesões. Não havia evidências de esquistossomose visceral ativa. Reforça-se a necessidade de que essa doença seja incluída no rol de diagnósticos diferenciais de lesões cutâneas, principalmente em áreas endêmicas, em razão das possíveis consequências em caso de diagnóstico e tratamento tardios.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Young Adult , Schistosomiasis/pathology , Skin Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Parasite Egg Count , Schistosomiasis/drug therapy , Skin Diseases, Parasitic/drug therapy , Skin/pathology , Treatment Outcome
5.
Rev. microbiol ; 30(3): 278-85, jul.-set. 1999. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-253785

ABSTRACT

Cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa), which produce powerful hepatotoxic cyclopetpides, were collected and submitted to the determination of toxicity through intraperitoneal injections made in 30 and 90 days-old Swiss albino mice. The liver and the spleen were histopathologically analyzed and the weight and vital signs development were monitored. Test of toxicity resulted in a LD 50 of 154.28 mg.Kg -1 . M.aeruginosa represented 95 (per cent) of the analyzed biomass. The ratios between liver weight and body weight in the animal inoculated with a single dose were 6.0 (per cent) and 7.2 (per cent), with multi doses 7.0 (per cent) and 7.5 (per cent) and in the control animals 4.0 (per cent) and 5.0 (per cent), for adult and young animals, respectively . There was an accentuated increase in the volume and weight of the spleen, and the animals inoculated with a single dose showed a ratio between spleen weight and body weight of 0.67 (per cent) and 0.37 (per cent), with multidoses 1.22 (per cent) and 1.05 (per cent) and the control animals the ratio was 0.12 (per cent) and 0.15 (per cent), for adult and young animals, respectively. The young animals inoculated with single and multi doses had an increase of 150 (per cent) and 407 (per cent) in the spleen size while the adults increased, 607 (per cent) and 845 (per cent), respectively, in relation to the control. The histopathological analysis showed strong differences in the structure of the hepatic parenchyme in control animals and in those exposed to the M.aeruginosa extract. The main alterations were the congestive aspect, including the sinusoid, and intrahepatic haemorrhagia. The histopathological analysis showed considerable increase in the number of multinuclear giant cells in the spleen of the animals intoxicated by M.aeruginosa.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Mice , Cyanobacteria/pathogenicity , Splenomegaly/microbiology , Brazil , Hepatomegaly/microbiology , Spleen/pathology , Liver/pathology
6.
An. paul. med. cir ; 118(1): 19-26, jan.-mar 1991. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-98769

ABSTRACT

Analisamos quatro casos de hepatocarcinoma em 13 anos, no Hospital Universitario da Universidade Federal de Alagoas. O tempo do aparecimento do 1 sintoma a procura de auxilio medico variou de 2 a 7 meses, com media de 4 meses. As queixas iniciais mais comuns foram: dor abdominal e emagreciment(100%); tumoraçao abdominal (75%). Ao exame fisico todos pacientes tinham hepatomegalia.. Houve antecedentes de transfusao de sangue, esquistossomose, portador cronico de virus da hepatite B, alcoolismo e uso denanticonceptivos orais.O diagnostico definitivo foi feito em 50% dos casos pela biopsia laparoscopica;25% por laparotomia exploradora e biopsia; e 25% por biopsia transparietohepatica.Em face do estagio adiantado em que se apresentaram, em todos os casos, nao foi instituido tratamento adequado. Concluimos portanto, a necessidade de se desenvolver meios para diagnostico precoce dessa patologia, em nosso meio


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
7.
Rev. bras. cir ; 79(5): 261-3, set.-out. 1989. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-80672

ABSTRACT

É apresentado um caso de cistadenoma mucinoso gigante bilateral de ovário. O diagnóstico só foi estabelecido através da laparotomia. Ressalta-se a raridade do caso e chama-se a atençäo para as patologias mais freqüentes do ovário


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Female , Cystadenoma/surgery , Laparotomy , Ovarian Neoplasms/surgery , Cystadenoma/pathology , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
8.
Rev. bras. colo-proctol ; 9(1): 25-7, jan.-mar. 1989. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-134219

ABSTRACT

O autor relata um caso clinico de paciente com obstruçao intestinal tendo como causa torçao de um diverticulo de Meckel. Faz uma breve revisao da literatura e tece consideraçoes sobre a etiologia, incidencia, diagnostico, complicaçoes e tratamento da patologia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Meckel Diverticulum/complications , Intestinal Obstruction , Meckel Diverticulum/diagnosis , Meckel Diverticulum/therapy
9.
ECMAL ; 4(1): 15-9, jan.-jun. 1986. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-47559

ABSTRACT

Apresentamos os resultados de um estudo experimental sobre a interposiçäo de retalhos de dura-máter humana em beixiga de rato. Utilizamos 30 animais, divididos em 4 séries, de acordo com o tempo de evoluçäo do implante, que variou de 15 a 60 dias. O comportamento do implante foi avaliado sob os parâmetros clínicos e anatomopatológicos. A única alteraçäo clínica encontrada foi a formaçäo de cálculos, mas, com relaçäo aos estudos anatomopatológicos, houve aparente integraçäo da dura-máter com a bexiga


Subject(s)
Rats , Animals , Male , Female , Dura Mater , Surgery, Veterinary , Surgical Flaps , Transplantation, Heterologous/methods , Urinary Bladder/transplantation
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