Updated growth standards for Chinese children under 7 years of age / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To construct growth standards for Chinese children under 7 years of age. Methods: Cross-sectional study design based on national representative data on children's growth and development in 2015 was used. Stratified cluster sampling method was used. A total of 83 628 healthy children aged 0-<7 years from 9 cities, including Beijing, Harbin, Xi'an, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Fuzhou, and Kunming, were investigated from June to November 2015, excluding those with adverse conditions that may impact the establishment of the growth standards. Weight, length (height) and head circumference were measured using unified measurement tools and measurement methods. The Lambda-Mu-Sigma method was employed to establish percentile and standard deviation score reference values of weight-for-age, length (height)-for-age, head circumference-for-age, weight-for-length (height) and body mass index (BMI)-for-age of the study population. The standard deviation score curves of the new-established growth standards were compared with the 2009 reference standards. Results: Reference values of percentile (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, P97) and standard deviation score (-3, -2, -1, 0,+1,+2,+3) of weight-for-age, length (height)-for-age, head circumference-for-age, weight-for-length (height) and BMI-for-age were obtained. Compared with the 2009 growth standards, the difference of weight at P50 was -0.1-0.4 kg, the difference of length (height) at P50 was 0.1-1.3 cm, the difference of head circumference at P50 was -0.2-0.2 cm, the difference of weight for length (height) at P50 was -0.2-0.5 kg, and the difference of BMI at P50 was -0.2-0.2 kg/m2. The main differences were as follows: weight for girls aged 5.0-<7.0 years was 0.4-0.6 kg higher at +2 s, height for boys and girls aged 2.0-<7.0 years was 0.4-1.4 cm higher at -2 s, and BMI for boys and girls aged 5.0-<7.0 years was 0.1-0.3 kg/m2 higher at +2 s than the 2009 reference standards. Conclusion: The newly established growth standards for Chinese children under 7 years of age that have achieved a minor revision to the 2009 reference standards, are recommended for nationwide use in growth monitoring and nutritional assessment.

Reference values and growth curves of length for weight and head circumference for weight among Chinese newborns / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To establish the reference values and growth curves of length for weight and head circumference for weight among Chinese newborns in order to provide a reference for the assessment of body proportionality at birth. Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied. A total of 24 375 singleton live birth newborns with gestational ages at birth of 24+0 to 42+6 weeks were recruited from June 2015 to November 2018 from 13 cities including Beijing, Harbin, Xi'an, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Kunming, Tianjin, Shenyang, Changsha, and Shenzhen, excluding those with maternal or newborn conditions that may impact the establishment of the reference values. The generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape was employed to establish reference values in terms of percentile and growth curves of length for weight and head circumference for weight for male and female newborns. The random forest machine learning method was employed to analyze the importance of variables between the established reference values in this study and the previous published weight/length, body mass index (BMI), ponderal index (PI), weight/head circumference, length/head circumference in the assessment of symmetrical and asymmetrical small for gestational age (SGA) newborns. Results: A total of 24 375 newborns with 13 197 male infants (preterm birth 7 042 infants and term birth 6 155 infants) and 11 178 female infants (preterm birth 5 222 infants and term birth 5 956 infants) were included in this study. The reference values in terms of percentile (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, P97) and growth curves of length for weight and head circumference for weight were obtained for male and female newborns with gestational ages of 24+0 to 42+6 weeks. The median birth lengths corresponding to the birth weights of 1 500, 2 500, 3 000, and 4 000 g were 40.4, 47.0, 49.3 and 52.1 cm for males and 40.4, 47.0, 49.2, and 51.8 cm for females, respectively; the median birth head circumferences were 28.4, 32.0, 33.2 and 35.2 cm for males and 28.4, 32.0, 33.1, and 35.1 cm for females, respectively. The differences of length for weight between males and females were minimum, with the difference range of -0.3 to 0.3 cm at P50; the differences of head circumference for weight between males and females were minimum, with the difference range of 0 to 0.2 cm at P50. Based on the match between birth length and birth weight for classifying symmetrical and asymmetrical SGA, length for weight and PI contributed the most, accounting for 0.32 and 0.25, respectively; based on the match between birth head circumference and birth weight, head circumference for weight and weight/head circumference contributed the most, accounting for 0.55 and 0.12, respectively; based on the match between birth length or head circumference with birth weight, head circumference for weight and length for weight contributed the most, accounting for 0.26 and 0.21, respectively. Conclusion: The establishment of the new standardized growth reference values and growth curves of length for weight and head circumference for weight among Chinese newborns are useful for clinical practice and scientific research.

Diagnosis of extramural venous invasion of rectal cancer by transrectal ultrasound / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the value of transrectal ultrasound(TRUS)in diagnosing extramural venous invasion(EMVI) of rectal cancer.Methods:Clinical data of 81 rectal cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed in the People′s Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from January 2015 to December 2021. The extramural vascular sonographic features in these patients were summarized. Based on the postoperative pathology and compared with MRI examination, the efficacy of TRUS for the diagnosis of EMVI in rectal cancer was investigated.Results:①According to the sonographic presentation, extramural vessels of rectal cancer can be divided into the following four types: typeⅠshowed that the mass broke through the muscularis propria of the intestinal wall, and no peripheral vascular shadow was observed; typeⅡshowed that the mass broke through the muscularis propria, surrounded by extraneous vessels with normal diameter, running and blood flow; type Ⅲ showed that the mass broke through the intrinsic muscle layer of the intestinal wall and was surrounded by extramural vessels with abnormally thickened diameters, and blood flow filling defects; type Ⅳ showed a mass that broke through the intrinsic muscular layer, with irregularly dilated vessels outside the peritumoral wall and no blood flow signal in the lumen. ②With type Ⅲ and type Ⅳ as positive signs of EMVI, the diagnosis compliance rate of TRUS was 90.1% (Kappa=0.580, P<0.001), sensitivity was 58.3%, specificity was 95.7%, positive predictive value was 70.0%, negative predictive value was 93.0%, and area under the ROC curve(AUC) was 0.770. The diagnosis compliance rate of MRI was 86.4% (Kappa=0.541, P<0.001), sensitivity was 75.0%, specificity was 88.4%, positive predictive value was 52.9%, negative predictive value was 95.3%, and the AUC was 0.817. The differences in sensitivity and specificity between TRUS and MRI for the diagnosis of rectal cancer EMVI were not statistically significant ( P>0.05), and the differences in the AUC were not statistically significant ( Z=0.447, P=0.655). Conclusions:TRUS is valuable in assessing the extramural vascular status of rectal cancer and is expected to be an effective imaging method for preoperative diagnosis of EMVI.

Application value of transrectal multimodal ultrasound in evaluating the efficacy of endocrine therapy for prostate cancer / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To explore the value of transrectal multimodal ultrasound parameters in monitoring and evaluating the efficacy of endocrine therapy for prostate cancer.Methods:Thirty patients with prostate cancer confirmed by pathology and treated with endocrine therapy in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People′s Hospital from November 2019 to May 2021 were selected. The levels of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume, color Doppler parameters, elasticity index and contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters were measured and recorded before treatment, 1 month and 3 months after treatment. The parameters before and after treatment were statistically analyzed. The correlation between the changes of each index and PSA was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results:Total prostate specific antigen, free prostate specific antigen, and prostate volume were significantly different before treatment, and 1 month and 3 months after treatment( P<0.05), and the values showed a downward trend with increase of treatment time. There was no significant difference in resistance index before and 1 month after treatment( P>0.05), but decreased significantly 3 months after treatment( P<0.05). The values of elasticity index, peak intensity, area under curve and gradient at 1 month and 3 months after treatment were lower than those before treatment, while the arrival time and rising time at 1 month and 3 months after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment( P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between the changes of quantitative parameters and PSA value before and after treatment( P>0.05). Conclusions:Prostate volume, color Doppler parameters, elasticity index, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters change in the early stage of endocrine therapy for prostate cancer, which can be used as a useful supplement to PSA for prostate cancer, and can be used to evaluate the efficacy of clinical prostate cancer endocrine therapy.

Glycaemic changes among children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus before and during Ramadan fasting using continuous glucose monitoring / Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies

Objectives@#This study described and compared glycaemic changes with the use of the following Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) metrics: time in range, time in hyperglycaemia and time in hypoglycaemia from retrospective CGM data among children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), before and during Ramadan to better understand the impact of fasting during this season. @*Methodology@#This study was conducted in 2 tertiary centres: Hospital Putrajaya (HPJ) and Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) from February to May 2020. Muslim T1DM patients between ages 8 to18 who intended to fast during Ramadan were given Ramadan-focused education. CGM iPro2® (Medtronic) was used before and during Ramadan, complemented by finger-prick glucose monitoring or self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). @*Results@#Of the 32 patients, only 24 (12 female) were analysed. Mean age was 13.6 ± 3.1 years old, mean HbAlc was 9.6 ± 1.9% and mean duration of illness was 5.4 ± 3.4 years. Majority (91.7%) were on multiple dose injections (MDI) while only 8.3% were on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). All fasted in Ramadan without acute complications. Retrospective CGM analysis revealed similar results in time in range (TIR), time in hyperglycaemia and time in hypoglycaemia before and during Ramadan, indicating no increased hypoglycaemic or hyperglycaemic events related to fasting. Glycaemic variability before Ramadan as measured by the LBGI, HBGI and MAG, were similar to values during Ramadan.@*Conclusion@#Ramadan fasting among T1DM children and adolescents, by itself, is not associated with short-term glycaemic deterioration. T1DM youths can fast safely in Ramadan with the provision of focused education and regular SMBG.

Economic burden and factors associated with Crohn's disease / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To study the economic burden of Crohn's disease and its related factors, and to provide opinions for reducing personal burden and improving reimbursement policy.@*METHODS@#Using a cross-sectional method, a self-created questionnaire based on the basic principles of health services research was used to survey Crohn's disease patients served by the Shanghai volunteer service foundation platform. Information collected included basic characteristics, therapy, and medical costs related to Crohn's disease in the past 12 months. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the composition of inpatient and outpatient costs of Crohn's disease for treatment of the disease in the past year. Further, a logarithm-linear model was constructed to analyse the factors associated with the financial burden of Crohn's disease.@*RESULTS@#In the study, 820 questionnaires were distributed and 799 questionnaires were returned, of which 797 were valid. There were 528 (66.25%) males and 269 (33.75%) females. The mean age of the patients was (34.02±11.49) years, with a concentration between 18-39 years (510 cases, 63.99%) and a mean disease duration of (5.58±5.13) years. 10.7% of the patients did not receive continuous treatment, and the average annual treatment cost for the patients with continuous treatment was 54 246 Yuan, of which 30 279 Yuan (55.8%) was paid by the individuals and 23 966 Yuan (44.2%) was paid by the insurance. The personal financial burden was close to the national per capita disposable income in 2020, which was 32 189 Yuan (94.1%), exceeding the annual cost for type 2 diabetes in China in 2016, 8 245 Yuan. In terms of the distribution of outpatient and inpatient services, the average annual cost of inpatient services was 31 092 Yuan, of which 14 673 Yuan (48.5%) was paid out of pocket by the individuals and 16 418 Yuan (51.5%) was paid by the insurance; the average annual cost of outpatient services was 23 154 Yuan, of which 15 606 Yuan (65.1%) was paid out of po-cket by the individuals and 7 548 Yuan (34.9%) was paid by the insurance. The personal burden of outpatient care was higher than of inpatient care. The regression results of the logarithm-linear model showed that the total annual treatment cost was related to the duration of illness (β=0.03, P < 0.01), having complications (β=-0.68, P < 0.01), receiving surgical treatment (β=0.52, P < 0.01), using immunosuppressive drugs (β=0.51, P < 0.01), annual outpatient visits (β=0.02, P < 0.05), and number of hospitalizations per year (β=0.08, P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The annual financial burden for patients with Crohn's disease is heavy and rises significantly with the duration of illness, exceeding that of chronic diseases such as diabetes. The personal financial burden is close to the national per capita disposable income, and the medical security department should develop policies to reduce the financial burden. The inclusion of Crohn's disease as a special outpatient disease is a possible measure that could be considered in response to the fact that the outpatient personal financial burden is heavier than the inpatient's.

The role of coupler perfusion in transrectal ultrasound in the diagnosis of T-stage rectal cancer / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To investigate the role of coupler perfusion in transrectal ultrasound in the diagnosis of preoperative T staging of rectal cancer.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the preoperative clinical data of 132 patients with rectal cancer in the People′s Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from June 2015 to November 2020. According to whether or not the patients agreed to coupler perfusion before ultrasound examination, they were divided into 2 groups, namely the perfusion group 69 cases and the non-perfusion group of 63 cases, with postoperative pathology as the gold standard, and compared with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) to evaluate the accuracy of the 2 groups and MRI in the T staging of rectal cancer.Results:The total coincidence rates of the coupling agent perfusion group, non-perfusion group and MRI group for the diagnosis of rectal cancer T staging were 89.9%, 76.2% and 87.9%, respectively, and the difference among the three methods was statistically significant (χ 2=6.096, P=0.047). The diagnostic sensitivity of the coupling agent perfusion group for T1 stage was 96.0%, which was higher than 61.5% of the non-perfusion group and 92.3% of the MRI ( P=0.010). The specificity of the perfusion group for the diagnosis of T2 stage was 95.7%, higher than the non-perfusion group and MRI ( P=0.037), the positive predictive value of the perfusion group for T2 stage was 90.9%, which was higher than the non-perfusion group and MRI ( P=0.035). The diagnostic accuracy of the perfusion group for T2 stage was 94.2%, higher than the non-perfusion group and MRI (χ 2=7.070, P=0.029). There were no statistically significant differences in diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy among the perfusion group and the non-perfusion group and the MRI for T3 and T4 (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Coupled-agent perfusion makes it convenient and fast for intracavity ultrasound to diagnose T staging of rectal cancer, and the diagnostic efficiency is comparable to MRI. In particular, it can be used as a highly reliable imaging method for T1 and T2 rectal cancer.

Immunomodulatory effect of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells on skin transplantation between different mouse strains / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Skin transplantation is one of the most effective methods for treating large-area burns. How to effectively suppress the immune rejection after allogeneic skin transplantation is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) on the immunoregulation of skin grafts in different strains of mice. METHODS: Isolated hADSCs were cultured to the 3rd generation. Sixty ICR neonatal mice, 2-4 days of age, were randomly divided into four groups (n=15). The skin tissues of ICR neonatal mice were transplanted into adult C57BL/6 mice to establish a different strain of mouse skin graft immune rejection model. PBS and low dose (5×104), medium dose (10×104), high dose (20×104) hADSCs were injected into the model mice through tail vein, and the survival time of transplanted skin in each group was recorded. On the 7th day after operation, five mice from each group were randomly selected to remove their spleen and serum, and the expression of immune factors interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA respectively. The transplanted part of the skin was taken to make pathological sections for observing the infiltration of lymphocytes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the PBS group, the survival time of the skin was prolonged in the low dose hADSCs group; however, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the PBS and low dose hADSCs groups, the survival time of the skin was significantly increased in the medium and high dose groups (P 0.05). Compared with the PBS group, the relative expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ in the spleen and serum was significantly decreased in the low, medium and high dose hADSCs groups (P < 0.05), whereas the level of interleukin-10 was significantly elevated in the medium and high dose hADSCs groups (P < 0.05). To conclude, the appropriate dose of hADSCs can significantly prolong the survival time of transplanted skin between different strains of mice, by regulating the expression of related immune factors in the recipient mice.

Investigation on seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infections among neonates in Fujian Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infections among neonates in Fujian Province, so as to provide insights into the development of interventions for the prevention and control of congenital toxoplasmosis. Methods A total of 1 045 neonates delivered in Fujian Province from 2017 to 2018 were recruited, including 387 preterm infants and 658 full-term infants. Umbilical cord blood was sampled from all neonates, and the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody was detected and compared between preterm and full-term infants. In addition, elbow venous blood samples were collected from neonates’mothers, and the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody was detected and compared between preterm and full-term infants’mothers. Results The overall seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody was 9.38% among the 1 045 neonates in Fujian Province. The seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody was 18.35% in the 387 preterm infants, and there was no significant difference in the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody between male and female infants (17.69% vs. 18.75%, χ2 = 0.07, P > 0.05). The seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody was 4.10% in the 658 full-term infants, and there was no significant difference in the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody between male and female infants (4.14% vs. 4.08%, χ2 = 0, P > 0.05). In addition, the overall seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody was 15.02% in all neonates’ mothers, and the seroprevalence was significantly greater in preterm infants’mothers than in full-term infant’s mothers (20.93% vs. 11.55%, χ2 = 16.79, P < 0.01). Conclusions The seroprevalence of T. gondii infections is significantly higher in preterm infants and their mothers than in full-term infants and their mothers. Prenatal detection of T. gondii infections and health education pertaining to toxoplasmosis prevention and control knowledge are required to be strengthened to effectively reduce the incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis.

Effect of Xihuangwan on NLRP3 Inflammatory Bodies and Their Products and Tumor Proliferation of Lung Cancer A549 Bearing Nude Mice in Inflammatory Microenvironment / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the antitumor effect of Xihuangwan on A549 lung cancer nude mice in inflammatory microenvironment, and explore the effect of Xihuangwan on the expressions of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammatory bodies and their products in serum and tumor tissue of A549 lung cancer nude mice. Method:The lung cancer A549 cell model was established in nude mice with lung cancer, and the lung cancer A549 cell model was established in inflammatory microenvironment by adding lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the culture medium. After modeling, the rats were randomly divided into blank group (equal volume of normal saline), positive drug control group (MCC950 solution, 0.79 g·kg-1), and low, medium, high-dose Xihuangwan groups (0.39, 0.78, 1.95 g·kg-1). The rats were administered orally once a day for 21 days, and then sacrificed. The tumor tissues were stripped to measure the tumor body. The expressions of NLRP3, malondialdehyde（MDA）, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18 and NLRP3 were detected by Western blot, and the levels of IL-1β, IL-18 and MDA were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Result:Compared with the blank group, the tumor inhibition rates in the positive drug control group and the low, medium and high dose Xihuangwan group were 39.21%, 31.72%, 42.24% and 55.68%. ELISA showed that the high-dose Xihuangwan group could significantly reduce the expressions of MDA, IL-1β and IL-18 in the serum of nude mice (P<0.05). Western blot showed that the high-dose Xihuangwan group could effectively reduce the protein expressions of MDA, IL-1β, IL-18 and NLRP3 in tumor of nude mice (P<0.05), the results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression rate of NLRP3 in the tumor tissues of nude mice was reduced in the positive drug group and each dose of Xihuangwan group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Xihuangwan can inhibit the growth of tumor tissue of A549 cells bearing lung cancer in nude mice. The mechanism may be that it can inhibit the growth of tumor cells by inhibiting the expression of NLRP3 inflammatory bodies, IL-1β, IL-18, MDA tables, and then inhibiting the inflammatory microenvironment of tumor cells.

Synthesis and synthetic process optimization of a specific dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳinhibitor vildagliptin / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective: To investigate and optimize the synthetic process of specific dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ(DPP-Ⅳ)inhibitor vitagliptin. Methods: The aimed synthetic route was conceived by the literature survey according to the advantages and disadvantages of the reported synthetic routes. The key process parameters were determined by the orthogonal test or single factor test for the main intermediates in the speed limiting step. Results: The structures of intermediates and target compound were confirmed by MS and 1H NMR data. The overall yield of the target compound was 38.5%. Conclusion: The synthetic process has the advantages of lower cost, simple operation and mild reaction condition, and the yield has been improved by optimizing the crystallization solvent, which should be more suitable for industrial production.

Triggering factors of acute ischemic stroke: a hospital-based cross-sectional observational study / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the triggering factors of ischemic stroke and their correlation with stroke severity and traditional risk factors.Methods:The clinical data of patients with ischemic stroke within 2 weeks of the onset were collected retrospectively. They were divided into two groups according to the questionnaire of triggering factors. The demographic and baseline data of the two groups were compared. According to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, the patients were divided into low NIHSS score group (≤8) and high NIHSS score group (>8). The demographic and baseline data were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent related factors of the existence of triggering factors in patients with ischemic stroke and the correlation between the existence of triggering factors and the severity of stroke. Results:A total of 217 patients were enrolled in the study. Their age was 63.4±12.8 years and 148 were male (68.2%). One hundred and nine patients had at least one triggering factor. Common triggering factors were sleep disorders (46.8%), infection (18.4%), and missed medication (13.8%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [ OR]2.496, 95% confidence interval [ CI]1.347-4.626; P=0.047), large artery atherosclerosis ( vs. small vessel occlusion: OR 2.168, 95% CI 1.060-4.343; P=0.034) and baseline NIHSS score (the fourth quartile vs. the first quartile: OR 2.320, 95% CI 1.043-5.162; P=0.039) were independently associated with the existence of triggering factors in patients with ischemic stroke, and any of the triggering factors was independently associated with stroke severity ( OR 2.042, 95% CI 1.106-3.770; P=0.023). Conclusion:Diabetes and the severity of stroke are associated with the existence of triggering factors in patients with ischemic stroke. Stroke severity in ischemic stroke patients with triggering factors is more severe.

Strategy of acetabular anteversion in total hip arthroplasty with lumbar degenerative kyphosis / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate how to place the anteversion of acetabular prosthesis more reasonably in patients with lumbar degenerative kyphosis.@*METHODS@#A total of 122 patients with degenerative kyphosis of lumbar spine who underwent total hip arthroplasty from December 2017 to October 2019 were included and divided into experimental group and control group, 61 cases in each group. In experimental group, there were 25 males and 36 females, with a median age of 67.0 years;the median course of disease was 46.0 months;the functional pelvic plane with acetabular anteversion was set according to different types of pelvic anterior plane bracket. In control group, there were 27 males and 34 females, with a median age of 67.0 years;the median course was 42.0 months;in control group, the anteversion was set by the traditional method. The patients were followed up for 3 months. The operation time and blood loss were recorded. The incidence of infection and dislocation within 3 months was counted. Harris score before and 3 months after operation was recorded. Functional anteversion angle of standing position was measured 3 months after operation.@*RESULTS@#Compared with control group, there was no difference in operation time and blood loss between the two groups (P=0.918, 0.381);there was no infection between two groups within 3 months after operation;there was 1 case of hip joint dislocation in the control group and no dislocation in experimental group. There was no significant difference in Harris score before and after operation. Three months later, reexamination of pelvic standing radiographs showed that the number of patients with functional anteversion of acetabular prosthesis outside the safe area was less in experimental group thanin control group (@*CONCLUSION@#According to the preoperative evaluation and classification of patients, better functional anteversion of acetabular prosthesis can be obtained with the help of pelvic anterior plane reference bracket in hip arthroplasty with lumbar degenerative kyphosis.

Research progress on the relationship between Porphyromonas gingivalis and the malignancy of the digestive system and possible pathogenetic mechanism / 华西口腔医学杂志

The malignant tumors including oral cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and esophageal cancer, of the digestive system are a common high-fatal malignancy. Porphyromonas gingivalis, as the most important pathogen of periodontal disease, has been gradually proved that its invasiveness occurs not only in the mouth but also in other parts of the digestive system. Moreover, the relevant pathogenic mechanism is increasingly attracting the reseachers' attention. In this study, the role and possible pathogenesis of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the digestive system are described in a systematic and comprehensive way.

Protective effect of Saccharomyces boulardii on intestinal mucosal barrier of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#The effect and mechanism of Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) in inflammatory bowel disease are unclear. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of Sb on intestinal mucosal barrier and intestinal flora in a colitis mouse model.@*Methods@#Forty C57BL/6J male mice were randomly assigned to five groups: normal control group (A), pathologic control group (B), Sb treatment group (C), mesalazine treatment group (D), and Sb combined with mesalazine treatment group (E). Colitis was induced by the addition of 2.5% (wt/vol) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in the drinking water ad libitum for 7 days. The general condition, weight change, stool property, and bloody stool level of mice were observed to evaluate the disease activity index. The expression of zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin in intestinal tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry. The level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-8 in plasma was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Inter-cellular tight junctions were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The feces and intestinal contents were collected sterilely, and intestinal flora was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.@*Results@#Compared with group B, Sb reduced the disease activity index and histological score of group C (disease activity index: group B 2.708 ± 0.628, group C 1.542 ± 0.616, PBC = 0.005; histological score: group B 9.875 ± 3.271, group C 4.750 ± 1.832, PBC = 0.005) in DSS-induced colitis in mice. Sb exerted a protect effect on the expression of ZO-1 (group B 2.075 ± 1.176, group C 4.225 ± 1.316, PBC = 0.019) and occludin (group B 2.200 ± 0.968, group C 3.525 ± 1.047, PBC = 0.023). Compared with group B, Sb decreased the level of TNF-α and IL-8 of group C (TNF-α: group B 716.323 ± 44.691 ng/L, group C 521.740 ± 90.121 ng/L, PBC = 0.001; IL-8: group B 128.992 ± 11.475 pg/mL, group C 106.283 ± 15.906 pg/mL, PBC = 0.012). Treatment with Sb preserved the tight junctions and ameliorated microvilli and inter-cellular space. Treatment with Sb also showed its own characteristics: a higher percentage of Bacteroidetes and a lower percentage of Firmicutes, with significant differences or a significant trend. The proportion of the S24-7 family was increased significantly in the Sb treatment group.@*Conclusions@#Sb shows an anti-inflammatory effect and has a protective effect on the intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier. Sb may up-regulate the abundance of family S24-7 specifically, and maybe a mechanism underlying its function.

Major challenges of schistosomiasis elimination in Hubei Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

This paper summarizes the major experiences from schistosomiasis control, analyzes the challenges of schistosomiasis elimination, and proposes suggestions for further control programs in Hubei Province, with aims to provide insights into the acceleration of the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination and the achievement of the goal designed in the 13th Five-Year Plan of National Schistosomiasis Control in China.

Protective effect of Saccharomyces boulardii on intestinal mucosal barrier of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The effect and mechanism of Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) in inflammatory bowel disease are unclear. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of Sb on intestinal mucosal barrier and intestinal flora in a colitis mouse model.@*METHODS@#Forty C57BL/6J male mice were randomly assigned to five groups: normal control group (A), pathologic control group (B), Sb treatment group (C), mesalazine treatment group (D), and Sb combined with mesalazine treatment group (E). Colitis was induced by the addition of 2.5% (wt/vol) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in the drinking water ad libitum for 7 days. The general condition, weight change, stool property, and bloody stool level of mice were observed to evaluate the disease activity index. The expression of zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin in intestinal tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry. The level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-8 in plasma was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Inter-cellular tight junctions were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The feces and intestinal contents were collected sterilely, and intestinal flora was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.@*RESULTS@#Compared with group B, Sb reduced the disease activity index and histological score of group C (disease activity index: group B 2.708 ± 0.628, group C 1.542 ± 0.616, PBC = 0.005; histological score: group B 9.875 ± 3.271, group C 4.750 ± 1.832, PBC = 0.005) in DSS-induced colitis in mice. Sb exerted a protect effect on the expression of ZO-1 (group B 2.075 ± 1.176, group C 4.225 ± 1.316, PBC = 0.019) and occludin (group B 2.200 ± 0.968, group C 3.525 ± 1.047, PBC = 0.023). Compared with group B, Sb decreased the level of TNF-α and IL-8 of group C (TNF-α: group B 716.323 ± 44.691 ng/L, group C 521.740 ± 90.121 ng/L, PBC = 0.001; IL-8: group B 128.992 ± 11.475 pg/mL, group C 106.283 ± 15.906 pg/mL, PBC = 0.012). Treatment with Sb preserved the tight junctions and ameliorated microvilli and inter-cellular space. Treatment with Sb also showed its own characteristics: a higher percentage of Bacteroidetes and a lower percentage of Firmicutes, with significant differences or a significant trend. The proportion of the S24-7 family was increased significantly in the Sb treatment group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Sb shows an anti-inflammatory effect and has a protective effect on the intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier. Sb may up-regulate the abundance of family S24-7 specifically, and maybe a mechanism underlying its function.

Major challenges of schistosomiasis elimination in Hubei Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

This paper summarizes the major experiences from schistosomiasis control, analyzes the challenges of schistosomiasis elimination, and proposes suggestions for further control programs in Hubei Province, with aims to provide insights into the acceleration of the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination and the achievement of the goal designed in the 13th Five-Year Plan of National Schistosomiasis Control in China.

Near and distance stereopsis restoration in amblyopia with S3D computer treatment / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the effect of stereoscopic 3D (S3D) technology as a visual training system in children with amblyopia. METHODS:Totally 30 children,aged 4-16 years old,18 with ametropic amblyopia ( AMA ), and 12 with anisometropic amblyopia(ANA) were recruited in this study. A binocular 3D shutter glasses technology visual training system was used for training trials. Each training time lasted 1h,and the number of training trials totaled 33 (mean士SD:32士8) times on average,per-person. Before and after each training trial, the best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) of each eye, range of fusion by synoptophore, as well as near and distance stereopsis acuity by Yan Shaoming random - dot test and synoptophore respectively was measured. RESULTS: A significant difference was found pre- and post treatment in BCVA in both kinds of amblyopia studied. Significant improvement was also found in fusion range and stereopsis acuity. The improvement of fusion range and stereopsis recovery could be seen in ANA than in AMA patients. The near stereopsis acuity recovery in ANA group might more easily to regain stereoacuity at near than in AMA group. CONCLUSION: S3D display vision training systems are indicated for the recovery of stereoacuity in children with amblyopia.

Correlation between Blood Flow Signal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Short-term Outcome in Patients with Symptomatic Severe Stenosis or Occlusion of Middle Cerebral Artery M1 segment / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective] To investigatethe correlation between blood flow signal on three dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (3D-TOF-MRA) and short-term outcome in patients with symptomatic middle cerebral artery (MCA) severe stenosis or MCA occlusion.[Methods] We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with symptomatic MCA severe stenosis or MCA occlusion.General information,clinical data and cranial imaging data were collected.Characteristics of blood flow signal on 3D-TOF-MRA for each patient were analyzed,which included:(1) blood flow signal of MCA distal to stenosis/occlusion lesion;(2) laterality of posterior cerebral artery (PCA).The correlation between characteristics of blood flow signal and short-term outcome was analyzed.[Results] Three hundred and twenty-eight patients were included in this study.There were 154 patients with symptomatic MCA severe stenosis and the rest of them had symptomatic MCA occlusion.Poor blood flow signal of distal MCA independently correlated with poor shortterm outcome in patients with severe MCA stenosis.[Odds Ratio (OR) 0.32,95％ Confident Interval (CI) 0.14～0.72].PCA laterality was not related with short-term outcome in these patients (OR,2.28,95％ CI,0.85～6.15).PCA laterality independently correlated with poor short-term outcome in patients with MCA occlusion.(OR,3.54,95％ CI,1.32～ 9.78).Blood flow signal of distal MCA was not related with short-term outcome in these patients (OR,0.58,95％ CI,0.22～1.48).[Conclusion] Blood flow signal on 3D-TOF-MRA correlates with short-term outcome in patients with symptomatic MCA severe stenosis or occlusion but the characteristics differs between severe MCA stenosis and occlusion patients.Anterograde blood flow (blood flow signal of MCA distal to stenosis lesion) for patients with severe MCA stenosis and retrograde blood flow (PCA laterality) for patients with MCA occlusion correlates with shot-term outcome.