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OBJECTIVES@#To realize the dynamic visualization of forensic odontology based on the bibliometrics methods, and capture the research hotspots and identify the future development trend.@*METHODS@#Literature articles published from January 1995 to December 2020 were searched according to specific subject words in the core data set of Web of Science. The visualization analysis of publishing country, institution, discipline, author, co-cited journal and keywords was performed by CiteSpace 5.7.R5W software.@*RESULTS@#The annual analysis of publications showed an upward trend of forensic odontology research literature year by year, with the number of annual publications more than 110 in the last five years. Developed countries were the main source of contributions and the average centrality was greater than 0.2. The research of forensic odontology involved multiple disciplines, including stomatology, biology, computer science and medical imaging, with a distinct interdisciplinary feature. A total of 115 nodes were obtained by keyword cluster analysis. The principal line of forensic odontology mainly included individual identification and age estimation and the emergence of hotspots was closely related to new technologies. Population-based odontology investigation, improvement of traditional dental age estimation method and dental age estimation based on new technology were popular research in forensic odontology.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Developing countries urgently need to increase the focus on related research. It may be an important direction for the development of forensic odontology to establish and enrich the regional dental database, develop new odontology identification technology combined with frontier and high-end technology, and develop the identification program based on advanced information technology.
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Forensic Medicine , Software , BibliometricsABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the fetal ultrasonographic features of malformation of cortical development (MCD) during the second trimester, and explore and summarize the relevant diagnostic clues, so as to improve the ability of diagnosis and differential diagnosis of fetal MCD.Methods:A total of 313 fetuses with brain abnormalities suspected on ultrasound in Chengdu Women′s and Children′s Central Hospital from April 2018 to August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The fetuses were examined using MRI. The ultrasonographic characteristics of fetal MCD were summarized, and the fetal ultrasound and MRI imaging data were compared for fetal MCD.Results:Nineteen fetuses were diagnosed with MCD from 313 fetuses(6.07%, 19/313). Seventeen cases of MCD were identified by ultrasonography and subsequently validated by fetal MRI, including 6 cases of schizencephaly, 2 cases of hemimegalencephaly(HMEG), 3 cases of periventricular nodular heterotopia(PVNH), 3 cases of lissencephaly, 2 cases of microcephaly and 1 case of polymicrogyria(PMG). There were 3 cases with two concurrent MCD, 1 case of HMEG, and MRI increased the diagnosis of left parietal PMG; 1 case of lissencephaly, and MRI increased the diagnosis of PVNH. The other case was PMG, and MRI increased the diagnosis of lissencephaly. Two cases of fetal MCD were not indicated by ultrasonography, one of which was diagnosed as tuberous sclerosis and another one as schizencephaly by MRI, both due to ventriculomegaly.Conclusions:Various types of MCD in the second trimester have ultrasonographic characteristics. Abnormal lateral ventricles, intracranial structural changes such as sulci and gyrus can provide reliable ultrasound diagnostic clues for fetal MCD.
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Cardiovascular disease is a principal cause of morbidity and death in the world. Although drug therapy has made great progress in the past few decades, there are still many deficiencies in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidemia is still a common risk feature and is not sufficiently controlled. A growing body of evidence suggests that the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease is associated with many associated risk factors, such as higher low-density lipoprotein levels, lower high-density lipoprotein levels and high triglyceride levels. A number of clinical trials in patients with dyslipidemia have shown that actively decreasing low density lipoprotein cholesterol can significantly decrease cardiovascular events. ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) is a cytoplasmic homo-tetrameric enzyme. In the presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), ACLY catalyzes the conversion of citric acid and coenzyme A to acetyl-CoA and oxalyl acetate. ACLY is the main enzyme for the production of cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA, and cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA is the precursor required for de novo synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the production of acetyl-CoA and reduce the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides by inhibiting ACLY. ACLY can be used as a molecular target for reducing blood lipids, and there are an increasing number of studies on ACLY inhibitors. In this paper, the structure and mechanism of ACLY and its relationship with lipid metabolism are briefly introduced, and we review some current ACLY inhibitors.
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Due to the automation of clinical test and analysis,work units like hospitals have reduced the demand for medical laboratory talents,which has increased the employment pressure of graduates.However,the demand for medical laboratory talents is in short supply with the development of the in-vitro diagnosis industry.Guided by the industry development and the employment demand,our school set up the development direction of " in-vitro diagnosis ",combined medicine and engineering,established the corresponding curriculum system,adopted school-enterprise(institution)collaboration and explored the talent training mode of "special direction tutor system".In addition,we provided a special course of "Introduction to Medical Laboratory" to freshmen,helping them select direction and plan their career,and exploring how to cultivate medical and engineering compound applied undergraduate talents of medical laboratory major.
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Due to the automation of clinical test and analysis, work units like hospitals have reduced the demand for medical laboratory talents, which has increased the employment pressure of graduates. However, the demand for medical laboratory talents is in short supply with the development of the in-vitro diagnosis industry. Guided by the industry development and the employment demand, our school set up the development direction of "in-vitro diagnosis", combined medicine and engineering, established the corresponding curriculum system, adopted school-enterprise (institution) collaboration and explored the talent training mode of "special direction tutor system". In addition, we provided a special course of "Introduction to Medical Laboratory" to freshmen, helping them select direction and plan their career, and exploring how to cultivate medical and engineering compound applied undergraduate talents of medical laboratory major.
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Objective To evaluate the value of serum aminoterminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and interleukin(IL)-6 levels in diagnosis and severity assessment of the preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome(RDS).Methods Totally 150 preterm infants with RDS who were hospitalized in our center from August 2016 to March 2018 were enrolled in this study as the RDS group. These infants were further divided into grades 1,2,3,and 4 according to chest radiography. In addition,158 preterm infants without RDS hospitalized in our center during the same period were included as the controls (control group). Serum NT-proBNP and IL-6 levels were measured by ELISA on days 1,3,and 7 after birth,and their pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) was monitored as well.Results Serum NT-proBNP and IL-6 levels in RDS group were significantly higher than those in control group on day 1 (t=-91.04,P=0.000;t=-11.03,P=0.000),day 3 (t=-89.10,P=0.000;t=-9.909,P=0.000),and day 7 (t=-87.91,P=0.000;t=-8.548,P=0.000). There were significant differences in NT-proBNP levels among grades 1,2,3,and 4 on day 1 (F=50.89,P=0.000),day 3 (F=49.16,P=0.000),and day 7 (F=45.45,P=0.000),showing an increasing trend. Serum IL-6 levels showed no significant difference among grades 1,2,3,and 4 on day 1 (F=0.89,P=0.448),day 3 (F=0.76,P=0.518),and day 7 (F=0.85,P=0.469). The PAP of the RDS group on days 1,3,and 7 was (49.3±3.7),(40.1±5.4),and (39.0±2.6)mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),which were significantly higher than those of the control group (35.0±2.7)mmHg (t=-90.01,P=0.000),(30.0±3.1)mmHg (t=-81.90,P=0.000),(26.0±3.0)mmHg (t=-88.89,P=0.000). Thus,there was a positive correlation between NT-proBNP and IL-6 levels (r=0.876,P=0.000) and a positive correlation between NT-proBNP and PAP (r=0.916,P=0.000) in preterm infants with RDS.Conclusion Monitoring serum NT-proBN contributes to early diagnosis and disease severity assessment in preterm infants with RDS.
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Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Biomarkers , Early Diagnosis , Infant, Premature , Interleukin-6 , Natriuretic Peptide, Brain , Peptide Fragments , Respiratory Distress SyndromeABSTRACT
Objective ToexploretheCTcharacteristic manifestationsoftheinfantilehepatichemangioendothelioma (IHHE). Methods 10cases(5malesand5females)withIHHE (agerangefromonly1dayto8months,withthemeanageof53days)were collected.Theclinicalmanifestationsincludedabdominalmassesin5cases,vomitingin2andjaundicein1.Therewasababygirlwith congenitalcholedochalcyst.Allpatientsunderwenttheplainandcontrast-enhancedscans.Results CTshowedlocalandsingleintrahepatic massin6cases(including2casesinrighthepaticlobe,2casesinquadratelobeand2casesinleftlobe),2－3massesinliverin2,and diffusenodulesin2.PlainCTshowedallmasseswithlowdensityorlow-equalhybriddensity.Themarginswereclearin4cases,and unclearin6cases,withspottedcalcificationin2cases.TheenhancedCTshowedall10caseswithrosette-likemarginalenhancement, and6caseswithgradualwash-inindelayedphase.Threepatientsreceivedinterventionaltreatmentswithintrahepaticarterialembolization, andthenthediffuselesionsintwopatientssignificantlyreducedafter20monthsand33monthsrespectively,whilethesinglelesionin 1casealsosignificantlyshrankafter6monthsoftreatment.Conclusion CTisaneffectivemethodforthediagnosisofinfantilehepatic vascularendothelioma.Marginalring-enhancementisthecharacteristicmanifestationofIHHE,anditdoesnotinvadeadjacentliver parenchymaandbloodvessels,whichcanbedistinguishedfromotherliveroccupyinglessions.
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This study aimed to investigate the effect of notoginsenoside R₁ in delaying H₂O₂-induced vascular endothelial cell senescence through microRNA-34a/SIRT1/p53 signal pathway. In this study， human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) were selected as the study object; the aging model induced by hydrogen peroxide(H₂O₂) was established， with resveratrol as the positive drug. HUVECs were randomly divided into four groups， youth group， senescence model group， notoginsenoside R₁ group and resveratrol group. Notoginsenoside R₁ group and resveratrol group were modeled with 100 μmoL·L⁻¹ H₂O₂ for 4 h after 24 h treatment with notoginsenoside R₁(30 μmoL·L⁻¹) and resveratrol(10 μmoL·L⁻¹) respectively. At the end， each group was cultured with complete medium for 24 h. The degree of cellular senescence was detected by senescence-associated β-galactosidase(SA-β-Gal) staining kit， the cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8， the cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry， and the cellular SOD activity was detected by WST-1 method in each group. The expressions of SIRT1， p53， p21 and p16 proteins in HUVECs were detected by Western blot. In addition， the mRNA expressions of miRNA-34a， SIRT1 and p53 in HUVECs were assayed by Real-time PCR. These results indicated that notoginsenoside R₁ significantly reduced the positive staining rate of senescent cells， enhanced the cell proliferation capacity and intracellular SOD activity， decreased the proportion of cells in G₀/G₁ phase， and increased the percentage of cells in S phase simultaneously compared with the senescence model group. Moreover， notoginsenoside R₁ decreased the mRNA expressions of miRNA-34a and p53 and the protein expression of p53， p21 and p16.At the same time， notoginsenoside R₁ increased the protein and mRNA expressions of SIRT1. The differences in these results between the senescence model group and the notoginsenoside R₁ group were statistically significant(<0.05). However， there was not statistically significant difference in these results between the notoginsenoside R₁ group and the resveratrol group. In conclusion， the senescence of endothelial cells induced by H₂O₂ can be used as a model for studying aging. Notoginsenoside R₁ has an obvious anti-aging effect on vascular endothelial cells in this study. The possible mechanism is that notoginsenoside R₁ can delay the senescence process of vascular endothelial cells induced by H₂O₂ by regulating microRNA-34a/SIRT1/p53 signal pathway.
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Humans , Cells, Cultured , Cellular Senescence , Ginsenosides , Pharmacology , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells , Hydrogen Peroxide , MicroRNAs , Genetics , Signal Transduction , Sirtuin 1 , Genetics , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the value of MSCT in the clinical diagnosis of pediatric mediastinal neuroblastoma.Methods MSCT findings of 1 3 cases of pediatric mediastinal neuroblastoma confirmed by surgical pathology were analyzed retrospectively. Results Posterior mediastinal masses were found in 13 cases,9 cases on the right,4 cases on the left side.Mass vertical diameter was longer than that on the horizontal diameter,in which the largest diameter was >5 cm in 1 1 cases,and ≤2.5 cm in 2 cases.On CT plain scan,low density necrotic liquefild area was showed in 6 cases,calcification in 6 cases.There were 1 2 cases of strengthening enhanced effect,obviously uneven enhancement in 8 cases,mild enhancement in 4 cases,no enhancement in 1 case.Signs of peripheral vascular infiltration of surrounding tissue were showed in 8 cases,trachea pressing shift in 5 cases,pleural liquid in 2 cases.There was chest vertebra destruction in 1 case and 1 case with femoral and tibial metastasis and renal metastasis.There were 2 cases of adrenal neuroblastoma concurrent with mediastinal neuroblastoma.CT diagnosis of neuroblastoma in 6 cases,neurogenic tumors in 5 cases,mediastinal occupying in 1 case.Misdiagnosed as anterior cyst in 1 case.Conclusion MSCT can not only show the location,extent and some pathological features of pediatric mediastinal neuroblastoma,but also can clear the degree of tumor invasion and can guide the clinical treatment and evaluate the therapeutic effect.
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Objective To analyze the MRI features of viral encephalitis in children.Methods MRI data of 33 children with viral encephalitis diagnosed and treated by clinic were analyzed retrospectively for lesion location,shape,characteristics in multi-sequence and dynamic follow-up.Results The positive rate of MRI detection was 93.93%,including 20 cases involved in the limbic system,3 cases involved in the non-limbic system,and 8 cases involved in both limbic system and non-limbic system simultaneously.22 cases (70.96%)showed low signal in T1WI.25 cases (80.64%)showed high signal in T2WI,with slightly in 15 cases (60%)and obviously in 10 cases (40%).29 cases (93.54%)showed high signal in T2WI-FLAIR,with slightly in 6 cases (20.68%)and obviously in 23 cases (7 9 .3 1 %). The MRI manifestations were not synchronized with the clinical symptoms,the abnormal signal of MRI disappeared later than the clinical symptoms.Conclusion To a certain extent,the MRI findings can provide evidences for diagnosis,therapy,supervision and prognosis of viral encephalitis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the tumor-suppressing effect of microRNA-218 (miR-218) in osteosarcoma (OS) and explore its molecular mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We examined the expression levels of miR-218 in 68 pairs of OS and adjacent tissue samples using qRT-PCR. Cultured human OS cell line Saos-2 was transfected with miR-218 mimics or anti-miR-218 mimics, and the cell apoptosis was assessed using CCK-8 assay, annexin V-FITC staining and Western blotting. We also analyzed the potential functional targets of miR-218 in Saos-2 cells using luciferase assay, qRT-PCR and Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression level of miR-218 was lowered by at least 8 folds in OS tissues as compared with the adjacent tissues. In cultured Saos-2 cells, transfection with miR-218 mimics for 24, 36, and 48 h resulted in a significant reduction in the cell viability, while transfection with anti-miR-218 mimics significantly increased the cell viability. The cells transfected with miR-218 mimics showed an obviously enhanced expression of cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (C-PARP) as compared with the cells transfected with anti-miR-218 mimics and the control cells. Flow cytometry demonstrated obviously increased apoptosis of the cells following miR-218 mimics transfection. We identified the oncogene B lymphoma mouse Moloney leukemia virus insertion region 1 (BMI-1) as a specific target of miR-218 in Saos-2 cells. BMI-1 expressions at both the mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced in Saos-2 cells overexpressing miR-218 but increased in the cells with miR-218 knockdown as compared to the control cells. Luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-218 directly inhibited the expression of BMI-1 via binding to its 3'-UTR in OS cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>miR-218 can promote OS cell apoptosis and plays the role as a tumor suppressor by down-regulating BMI-1.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the skill and evaluate the accuracy for application of guide combined with probing the internal wall of pedicle screw trajectory for subaxial cervical pedicle screw placement.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Subaxial cervical pedicle screw was inserted in 11 patients by the guide combined with probing the internal wall of pedicle screw trajectory from January 2014 to October 2016, including 7 males and 4 females with an average age of 48.1 years(ranged 32 to 63 years). There were 4 cases with cervical spondylotic myelopathy, 4 with fracture and dislocation of cervical vertebrae, 1 with cervical cord injury without fracture and dislocation, and 2 with atlantoaxialfracture and dislocation. The target pedicle's diameter, optimal entry point, sagittal angle and cross-sectional angle were measured by CT before operation. During operation, the pedicle screw inserted angle was controlled by a guide with a self-designed protractor and probed the internal wall of pedicle screw trajectory as medial safety margin of insertion screw. The accuracy of cervical pedicle screw was evaluated by CT with classification of four grades and assessed whether there was injury of spine cord or vertebral artery postoperatively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventy-one cervical pedicle screws were placed among 11 patients, and no one had been found with clinical manifestations of injury of spine cord (or nerve root) or vertebral artery after operation. According to postoperative CT scan for evaluating the grade of screw position, 52 screws were in grade 0, 13 in grade 1, 4 in grade 2, 2 in grade 3, and 91% (65/71) located in good position. In total, 6 screws were incorreted in placement, and 4 cases of them broke medial wall and 2 cases broke lateral wall.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The method of probing the internal wall of pedicle screw trajectory for subaxial cervical pedicle screw placement is safe and reliable, but the studying curve is long. Probing the internal wall of pedicle screw trajectory and controlling the insertion angle by guide with a protractor are key points of this technology.</p>
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Objective To investigate the lung ultrasonography characteristics of community acquired pneumonia ( CAP) in children and to compare the value of lung ultrasonography in the diagnosis of CAP in children. Methods A total of 173 patients with CAP ( CAP group) were diagnosed by chest radiograph in our hospital,and 64 healthy children were treated with lung ultrasonography as the control group. The sono-graphic features of two groups were compared,and the positive rates of diagnosis of lung ultrasonography and chest radiograph in CAP group were also compared. Results It showed A-line disappearance ( 100%) , B-line presence ( 88. 4%) , pleural line abnormalities ( 98. 3%) , pulmonary consolidation ( 46. 2%) , bronchial sign(42. 8%),pleural effusion(9. 2%),lung sliding signs(97. 7%) in CAP group (P<0. 001). In the con-trol group,except the A-line disappearance,scattered in the B-line (34. 4%),the others were not present. The difference of the two groups was statistically significant (P<0. 001). A-line disappearance,B-line (or even fusion) ,pleural line abnormalities were the main signs of ultrasound in children with CAP, sensitivity and specificity were both 100%. The sensitivity of chest X radiograph was 100% and the specificity was 78. 0%. Conclusion The lung ultrasonic imaging features of CAP in children include A-line disappearance, with varying numbers and lengths of B-line, pleural line abnormalities, consolidation, bronchial signs, pleural effusion and so on. LUS can diagnose CAP accurately and reliably,with high sensitivity and specificity. It is simple and noninvasive, and has the advantage of being detected at any time and avoiding the damage of X-ray. So it is worth clinical application for children with respiratory tract diseases.
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Objective To measure the dynamic parameters of pushing manipulation with one-finger (PMOF), and provide the quantitative basis for evaluation and measurable criteria of PMOF. Methods A multi-film pressure measurement system was used to test and record the graphics of the operator when performing PMOF, and the data of corresponding parameters were recorded and analyzed. Results For PMOP, the maximum force was (11.75±0.88) N, the operation frequency was (111.7±6.98) times/ min, the cycle was (539±35.73) ms, the effective work ratio was greater than 0.28, and the waveform homogeneity was greater than 0.927. Conclusions The requirement of being permanent, forceful, homogeneity during PMOP can be objectively measured thorough graphics and quantitative indicators, but there is still a lack of quantitative indicators to measure and evaluate the requirement of being soft, deep and thorough for PMOF.
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Objective To investigate the lung ultrasonography characteristics of community acquired pneumonia ( CAP) in children and to compare the value of lung ultrasonography in the diagnosis of CAP in children. Methods A total of 173 patients with CAP ( CAP group) were diagnosed by chest radiograph in our hospital,and 64 healthy children were treated with lung ultrasonography as the control group. The sono-graphic features of two groups were compared,and the positive rates of diagnosis of lung ultrasonography and chest radiograph in CAP group were also compared. Results It showed A-line disappearance ( 100%) , B-line presence ( 88. 4%) , pleural line abnormalities ( 98. 3%) , pulmonary consolidation ( 46. 2%) , bronchial sign(42. 8%),pleural effusion(9. 2%),lung sliding signs(97. 7%) in CAP group (P<0. 001). In the con-trol group,except the A-line disappearance,scattered in the B-line (34. 4%),the others were not present. The difference of the two groups was statistically significant (P<0. 001). A-line disappearance,B-line (or even fusion) ,pleural line abnormalities were the main signs of ultrasound in children with CAP, sensitivity and specificity were both 100%. The sensitivity of chest X radiograph was 100% and the specificity was 78. 0%. Conclusion The lung ultrasonic imaging features of CAP in children include A-line disappearance, with varying numbers and lengths of B-line, pleural line abnormalities, consolidation, bronchial signs, pleural effusion and so on. LUS can diagnose CAP accurately and reliably,with high sensitivity and specificity. It is simple and noninvasive, and has the advantage of being detected at any time and avoiding the damage of X-ray. So it is worth clinical application for children with respiratory tract diseases.
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Objective Toinvestigatetheprevalenceofurinaryincontinenceanditseffectonlifequalityamongfemale adultsinHangzhou,andtoprovideevidencetothecontroloffemaleurinaryincontinence.Methods Aquestionnaire survey was performed in Gongshu and Xiacheng districts in Hangzhou from October 2013 to June 2014,and 4 563 women aged over 20 years were interviewed through a questionnaire including International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Lower Urinary Tract,IQ-FLUTS and demographic information.Single and multi factor logistic regression analysiswereusedtoanalyzetheriskfactorsofurinaryincontinence.Results Atotalof4785questionnairesweresent, and 4 563 effective questionnaires were recovered,with a recovery rate of 95.4%.The prevalence of urinary incontinence was 33.5%(1 530/4 563),and female with older age tended to have a higher prevalence of UI(P<0.01).Among which stress urinary incontinence (SUI ),urge incontinence (UUI )and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI ) were accounted for 20.2%(922/4 563),3.0%(135/4 563)and 10.3%(473/4 563)respectively.UUI and MUI had a greater effect on quality of life.According to the multi factor logistic regression analysis,gravidity,age,constipation,pelvic surgery and fat (BMI>24)wereriskfactorsforurinaryincontinence(P<0.05).Conclusion Becauseofthehighprevalenceofurinary incontinence among female adults,more attention should be paid to urinary incontinence suffers in order to improve the quality of life of female adults.
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Objective To investigate the anxiety status of male partner involved in induced abortion and to analyze influencing factors related.Methods Male partners of the patients undergoing induced abortion in the gynecology and obstetrics department of a hospital in Kunming in April and May in 2015 were selected and a questionnaire survey was conducted.Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to measure the anxiety status and SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 53 out of 205 male partners were found to have anxiety symptoms (25.9％),with 44 cases of mild anxiety (21.5％),8 cases of moderate anxiety (3.9％) and 1 case of severe anxiety (0.5％).The main related risk factor was times of pregnancy (OR=3.35) while the protective factors were level of education (OR =0.60),times of induced abortion (OR =0.20) and age (OR =0.32) Conclusion When abortion occurs,the male partner's anxiety appears,mainly with mild and moderate one,and female's emotion are also affected.It is important to strengthen health education and popularize contraceptive knowledge so as to reduce the incidence of anxiety.
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Objective To investigate the value of low-dose volumetric high-resolution CT (vHRCT)in children with bronchiectasis.Methods Forty-nine children with bronchiectasis were diagnosed by vHRCT.The CT manifestations and follow-up changes were observed. Results Among the 49 cases,there were 43 cases(85.7%)with cylindrical bronchiectasis,2 cases with cystic bronchiectasis(5.7%) and 4 cases with varicose bronchiectasis(8.6%).Forty-four cases with bronchiectasis were complicated with pneumonic illness,among which 9 cases with atelectasis,5 cases with pulmonary fibrotic changes and 3 cases with airway foreign body.And 5 cases were complicated with endobronchial inflammation only.The CT signs of cylindrical bronchiectasis were as follows:bronchial wall thickening in 38(88.4%), double-track sign in 29(67.4%),signet ring sign in 35(81.4%),mucus plugging in 6(14.0%),air bronchogram in 9(20.9%),and bronchi appeared within 1 cm distance from the pleura in 18 cases(41.9%).Following-up 10 cases,bronchial dilatation improved significantly in 4 cases,progressed in 2 cases,and there were 4 cases with no significant change.Conclusion vHRCT is an effective method for early diagnosis of bronchiectasis in children,which is valuable for improvement of bronchiectasis by prompt and effective treatment.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the molecular mechanism of Yangjing Zhongyu Decoction (YZD) n-butanol extracts (ZDC) and ethyl acetate extracts (YSYZ) in reducing androgen in porcine granulose cells by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Porcine granulose cells were isolated and cultured. They were inoculated by MAPK inhibitor PD98059 at different concentrations, and then they were divided into the blank control group (0), 1, 3, 10, and 25 micromol/L groups. After 24-h culture the cytochrome P450c17a (CYP17) mRNA expression level was detected using Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Contents of androgen (testosterone) in the supernate were detected using RIA and optimal PD98059 concentration screened. After intervened by 10 micromol/L PD98059 for 24 h, the culture solution was intervened by effective ingredients of with or without YZD or YSYZ at various concentrations (0, 1 , 5, 25, 50 mg/mL) at various time points (3, 6, 18, 24 h). Expression levels of p-ERK1/2, c-Fos and CYP17 were detected by Western blot. Testosterone content in the supernate was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ten pLmol/L PD98059 could obviously decrease p-ERK1/2 protein expression and increase CYP17 mRMA expression, and elevate testosterone content in the supernate (P < 0.05). ZDC and YSYZ at 25 ng/mL could increase p-ERK1/2 protein expression and c-Fos levels, and reduce CYP17 protein expression, and lower testosterone content in the supernate after 6-h intervention (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Effective ingredients of YZD could reduce androgen production in porcine granulose cells through increasing activities of MAPK.</p>
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Animals , Female , Androgens , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Flavonoids , Granulosa Cells , Metabolism , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 , Metabolism , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases , Metabolism , RNA, Messenger , SwineABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate clinical effects of strategy by stages for preventing respiratory complications of patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury (ACSCI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From September 2009 to May 2013,the clinical data of 91 patients with ACSCI underwent surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Among the patients, 42 patients were divided into in-stages group, including 30 males and 12 females with an average age of 50 years old (ranged 28 to 76) which were treated with strategy by stages for preventing respiratory complications; others 49 patients which were not treated with the strategy regarded as control group, including 38 males and 11 females with an average age of 47 years old (ranged 30 to 77). All of them had definite history of trauma, and were admitted to orthopaedics within 48 h after trauma. In in-stages group, respiratory muscle strength training, high-dose ambroxol using and other treatment were performed to prevent respiratory complilcations according to preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative stage. While in control group, there were no systematic and effective measures utilized. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the difference for respiratory complications rate, the rate of tracheostomy or intubation and mortality caused by the respiratory complications between two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ten patients developed with respiratory complications in in-stages group (7 patients with pneumonia, 1 with atelectasis and 2 with respiratory failure), among which 3 patients underwent tracheostomy or intubation. In control group, 24 patients developed with respiratory complilcations (15 with pneumonia,3 with atelectasis and 6 with respiratory failure), among which 11 patients underwent tracheostomy or intubation. There was significant difference between two groups (χ2 = 6.12, 4.07; P = 0.013, 0.044). Five patients died because of respiratory complications, one case were in in-stages group and 4 in control group. There was significant difference between two groups (χ2 = l.39, P = 0.238).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The strategy by stages is an effective method for preventing respiratory complications of ACSCI and can reduce the respiratory complications rate and improve the prognosis of respiratory complications.</p>