Nonoperative management of blunt splenic injury / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the monitoring and therapeutic methods of nonoperative management of blunt splenic injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-two cases with nonoperative management of 95 patients of blunt splenic injury from September 2005 to April 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. Percutaneous peritoneal drainage was applied to 75 cases, and auto-blood transfusion was applied to 38 cases. Eighty-two cases were followed up from 3 weeks to 8 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eighty-two patients with nonoperative management were treated successfully, including 34 cases classified as grade III to IV, 6 cases over 55-years-old, 14 cases with severe multiple injury (ISS > or = 16) and 37 cases whose drained peritoneal blood volume were over 500 ml. The drained peritoneal blood volume was 30 to 2400 ml. The total volume of auto-blood transfusion was 22 300 ml and the average volume was 613 ml. All cases were followed up without delayed hematocele or peritoneal infection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Most hemodynamically stable patients with blunt splenic injury can be healed with nonoperative management. The treatments including percutaneous peritoneal drainage and transfusion of auto-blood can significantly increase the performance rate and the achievement ratio of nonoperative management of blunt splenic injury.</p>

The effect of cadmium pollution on reproductive health in females / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between cadmium pollution and its adverse effects on female reproductive health status in people living in cadmium polluted area in Zhenghe, Fujian provinces.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data through laboratory studies on reproductive health of female residents in Cd-pollution area were studied and compared with those in control areas in Zhenghe.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both prevalence rates of abnormal menstrual cycle and dysmenorrhea in unmarried women in Cd-pollution area (19.1% vs. 42.6%) were significantly higher than those in control area (5.7% vs. 18.9%) and the rates of sterility in married women in Cd-pollution area (6.3%) were significantly higher than those in control area (1.1%). During the first two pregnancies, rates of queasiness, disgorgement, spontaneous abortion and stillbirth in married women in polluted area were 44.7%, 31.7%, 10.27% and 4.23%, significantly higher than those 26.5%, 17.8%, 2.85% and 1.05% in control area, with significant differences (P < 0.05). Results from cumulative odds model analysis showed that: living in Cd-pollution area was a possible risk factor related to female reproductive health (OR = 2.072), after the other risk factors being under control.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The female reproductive health status of people residing in the cadmium polluted area had already been deteriorated.</p>