Resources and application of She's nationality wild medicinal plants / 中国中药杂志

To make a thorough investigation of the common She's nationality wild medicinal plants resources in our country, including the species, the distribution, the folk application and the endemic medicinal plant species, Field surveyed was conducted with 25 She people mainly lived area (county, district or city) throughout the country, the folk prescription and treatment cases provided by She's medical personnel, the drug usage and dosage, the commonly used traditional She's medicine and drug samples were collected. And the distribution, growing environment of these plants were investigated, their characteristics, photographs, GPS data and track were record , and the fresh wax leaf or plants specimens were collected. In total 1 600 varieties of folk medicine of She's nationality, 450 disease names and 1 016 prescriptions were collected. 520 kinds of these medicinal plants were commonly used, growing mainly distributed in the southeastern China, about 200 meters above sea level to 1 500 meters. There are 5 First-Grade State protection wild plants (medicinal), 15 second-Grade State protection wild plants (medicinal), and 11 She characteristic medicinal plants in our study, they belong to 144 families, 312 genera 494 species, 2 subspecies, 17 varieties, 3 forms and 1 cultivated varieties of She's nationality. Folk medicine usage is different from the traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic medicine. This survey finds out the common She's nationality wild medicinal plants resources in China, including the species, the distribution, the folk application and commonly used drugs, and found the rare and endangered medicinal plants and the She's nationality endemic medicinal plants, which provides a basis for further development and use the traditional She's medicine resources.

Analysis on the status of Shigella spp antimicrobial resistance through data from the National Shigellosis Surveillance System in China, in 2005 / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The Ministry of Public Health released the National Surveillance project on Shigellosis in August, 2005. This study was to reveal the antimicrobial resistance status of Shigella isolates through the National Shigellosis Surveillance System in 2005 in China, so as to provide evidence for the development of surveillance, prevention and cure of Shigellosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All the lab assistants received training from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The project prescribed the uniform experimentation, quality control method, reagent, etc. Disc diffusion test(K-B) was carried out, following the CLSI methods. Data were analyzed by WHONET 5.4 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) 3 serotypes were identified and S. flexneri was common that accounted for 75.5% of all Shigella isolates followed by 24.4% of S. sonnei, but only 1 strain of S. dysenteriae was separated. (2) The resistant rates to tetracycline and ampicillin in Shigella spp were quite high, as over 90.0%. However, the resistant rate to Cefotaxime was the lowest, only 6.1%. The resistant rates were different between serotypes with the resistant rates of S. flexneri to ampicillin, ampicillin/clavulanate and ciprofloxacin were higher than those of S. sonnei (P < 0.001). (3) The multiple-antibiotic-resistance status in Shigella spp was quite serious and the resistant rate to five and more antimicrobials was 54.9%. The most common resistant patterns were seen on ampicillin, nalidixin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole. (4) There were some differences in subtypes and antimicrobial resistance among different provinces.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cefotaxime seemed the best in curing Shigellosis at the clinic level. Programs regarding monitoring subtypes and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella should be in a continuous manner so as to understand the pathogens timely and to control the disease pertinently.</p>