Analysis of detection rate and risk factors for congenital malformation among neonates / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To analyze the detection rate of neonatal congenital malformation,and to explore the risk factors for neonatal malformation.Methods A total of 29 831 infants born in Shenzhen People's Hospital from January 2011 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively,the detection rate of congenital malformations was calculated,381 infants with congenital malformation were selected as malformation group,and 381 healthy infants were selected as healthy control group,and the risk factors of congenital malformation were analyzed.Results A total of 381 infants with congenital malformation were screened out,the incidence rate of congenital malformation being was 12.77‰(381/ 29 831 cases).The incidence rates of multi-finger or multi-toe,cleft lip,congenital heart disease were the high,which were 18.64％ (71/381 cases),17.32％ (66/381 cases) and 16.80％ (64/381 cases),respectively.The multiple Logistic analysis showed that birth children with low weight newborns (＜ 2 500 g),multiple births,preterm birth (＜ 37 weeks),pregnancies ＞ 1,low literacy levels of mothers,living in towns,late childbirth (≥ 35 years of age),pregnancy syndrome,viral infection during early pregnancy,medication history during pregnancy,rubella unvaccinated,exposure to harmful substance,smoking and alcohol during pregnancy and paternal smoking,chronic diseases,total 16 items were related risk factors for neonatal congenital malformations (all P ＜ 0.05).Among them,the impact of viral infection during early pregnancy,alcohol,smoking,pregnancy syndrome,exposure to harmful substance,medication history during pregnancy on the incidence of malformations in neonates was relatively serious.Conclusions The incidence rate of congenital malformations among neonates conforms to the present situations in China,which was closely correlated with genetic and environmental factors.Health education targeting pregnant women and the women of childbearing age should be carried cut to reduce the birth of neonatal congenital malformations.

Characteristics of phenylalanine hydroxylase gene mutations among patients with phenylketonuria from Linyi region of Shandong Province / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the characteristics of (PAH) gene mutations among patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) from Linyi area of Shandong Province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>For 51 children affected with PKU and their parents, the 13 exons and their flanking intronic sequences of the PAH gene were directly sequenced with Sanger method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PAH gene mutations were detected in all of the 102 alleles of the patients, which included 31 types of mutations. Common mutations included R243Q (17/102, 16.67%), IVS4-1G to A (9/102, 8.82%), R241C (8/102, 7.84%), R111X (8/102, 7.84%), and V399V (8/102, 7.84%). In addition, two novel mutations, D101N, 345-347del, have been detected. The 31 types of mutations included missense, nonsense, deletion, and splicing mutations, which were mainly located in exons 7 (29, 28.43%), 11 (18, 17.65%), 3 (16, 15.69%) and 12 (13, 12.75%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mutations of the PAH gene in Linyi region mainly distributed in exons 7, 11, and 3, and the most common mutation were R243Q. Two novel mutations, D101N and 345-347del, have been detected.</p>

The Pathoenesis of HuangQin Tang / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective] The pathogenesis of HuangQin Tang is discussed little in six meridians syndrome differentiation, and which meridian syndrome does it belong to isn’t clear. So this article tries to discuss the belonging and pathogenesis of it. And the key point of using it in clinic will also be involved.[Method] Combining the observation of efficacy of XiaoChaiHu Tang and HuangQin Tang and the elaboration articles are related to that two prescriptions to analyze the difference of that two prescriptions in pathogenesis.[Result]It’s found that HuangQin Tang and XiaoChaiHu Tang all belong to ShaoYin in six meridian syndrome.But their pathogenesis is different. HuangQin Tang should be used in heat syndrome of ShaoYang disease which caused by heat pathogen of ShaoYang meridian and diarrhea will appear because belly is shocked. However, XiaoChaiHu Tang is used to drive cold pathogen of ShaoYang meridian. [Conclusion]Both of HuangQin Tang and XiaoChaiHu Tang belong to ShaoYang Meridian, but it’s known that HuangQin Tang is used less. And less discussion of HuangQin Tang should be blamed. The more we know on pathogenesis of HuangQin Tang, the better we use it.

Comparison of dexmedetomidine and midazolam on neurotoxicity in neonatal mice / 生物医学工程学杂志

Dexmedetomidine and midazolam have been widely used in clinical anesthesia and intensive care unit sedation. These two drugs differ in sedative mechanism. We hypothesized that the neurotoxicity of repeated exposure to dexmedetomidine or midazolam for neonatal mice might be different. Twenty four mice of postnatal day 8 were randomly divided into control (n=8), dexmedetomidine (n=8) and midazolam group (n=8) respectively. In the three groups, saline(10mL/kg), dexmedetomidine(10microg/kg) or midazolam(40mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally once a day, in the next five days, respectively. Then the brains of the mice in the three qroups were removed and cryosectioned. Apoptotic neural cell in hippocampus region was detected with terminal deoxynucleotydyl transferase -mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL). Bcl2 and Bax protein expression level in the hippocampus were determined by immunofluorescent staining. In the present study, the number of TUNEL-positive cells from midazolam group ((20 +/-3) /mm2) was larger than that from dexmedetomidine group ((15+/-2) /mm2, P<0. 05) and control group((13+/-3) /mm2, P<0. 05); Bcl-2 protein quantity in hippocampus from control group((790+/-103)/mm2)was significantly lower than that in midazolam group((1187+/- 162)/mm2, P<0.05)and dexmedetomidine group((890+/-125)/mm2, P<0. 05). Bax protein level in control group((942+/-104)/mm2) was also significantly lower than that in midazolam group((1839+/-160)/mm2, P<0. 05)and dexmedetomidine group((1143+/-125)/mm2, P<0. 05); Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in midazolam group(0. 64+/-0. 13) was significantly lower than that in dexmedetomidine group(0. 78 +/-0. 14, P<0. 05) and control group(0. 84+/-0. 15, P<0. 05). Our results suggest that dexmedetomidine has lower neurotoxicity than midazolam for neonatal mice.

Multislice computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease / 老年心脏病学杂志（英文版）

Multislice Cr angiography represents one of the most exciting technological revolutions in cardiac imaging and it has been increasingly used in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease.Rapid improvements in multislice CT scanners over the last decade have allowed this technique to become a potentially effective alternative to invasive coronary angiography in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.High diagnostic value has been achieved with multisfice CT angiography with use of 64-and more slice CT scanners.In addition,multislice CT angiography shows accurate detection and analysis of coronary calcium,characterization of coronary plaques,as well as prediction of the disease progression and major cardiac events.Thus,patients can benefit from multislice CT angiography that provides a rapid and accurate diagnosis while avoiding unnecessary invasive coronary angiography procedures.The aim of this article is present an overview of the clinical applications of multislice CT angiography in coronary artery disease with a focus on the diagnostic accuracy of coronary artery disease;prognostic value of coronary artery disease with regard to the prediction of major cardiac events; detection and quantification of coronary calcium and characterization of coronary plaques.Limitations of multislice Cr angiography in coronary artery disease are also briefly discussed,and future directions are highlighted.

Protection against acute hypoxic/reoxygenation injury to kidney for rabbit with morphine hypoxic preconditioning by observing the expression of caspase-3 protein / 生物医学工程学杂志

The maintenance of the balance between oxygen supply and oxygen consumption is a key measure in preventing acute kidney hypoxic/reoxygenation injury. Morphine can inhibit metabolism and reduce the oxygen consumption. We tried to investigate the protective effects of morphine hypoxic preconditioning on acute kidney hypoxic/reoxygenation injury in rabbit and its influence on expression of caspase-3 protein. Kidney hypoxic and reoxygenation were induced by making the tested rabbits inhale 8% oxygen for three hours firstly, and then putting them in the air to breathe in normal oxygen for another three hours. Morphine hypoxic preconditioning was induced by administering morphine 3 mg/kg, and then hypoxic of 8% oxygen was induced. Caspase-3 protein expression in renal tissue was assessed by immunohistochemical method. In the present study, the expressions of caspase-3 protein were significantly higher in saline-control hypoxic group than in morphine hypoxic preconditioning group ((29.3+/-5.7)% vs. (12.16+1.23)%, P<0.05). These observations suggested that morphine hypoxic preconditioning can protect rabbit against acute kidney hypoxic/reoxygenation injury by decreasing expression of caspase-3 protein.

Ultrasound and contrast agents enhance VEGF siRNA-mediated anti-cancer effect on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To study the enhancing effect of ultrasound plus microbubble on small interference RNA(siRNA)transfection in vitro and in vivo.Methods Human vascular epithelial growth factor(VEGF)siRNA with 2'deoxy modification(VEGF 2'-eoxy siRNA,VdsR)was used.The human CNE cells(fromnasopharyngeal carcinoma)line was used for in vitro cell-based experiments and in vivo mouse xenograft model.Two different microbubble agents.BR14 and Levovist.were used together with the RNA transfection reagent RNA-mate.ELISA and RT-PCR assays were used to assess VEGF gene expression.Immunohistochemical staining (IHC)was performed to assess CD31 expression in xenograft tumors.Results VdsR transfection in CNE cells abolished VEGF expression as determined by ELISA experiments.In the first mouse xenograft experiment,ultrasound exposure dramatically enhanced VdsR-mediated tumor inhibition.In the second mouse xenograft experiment,when VdsR was mixed with the microbubble reagents and then injected into xenografts,ultrasoundexposure significantly reduced tumor growth in BR14-mixed VdsR group but not in the Levovist-mixed VdsR group compared to the control.RT-PCR experiments demonstrated that VEGF expression in ultrasound-exposed tumors was significantly lower than that in the control.Meanwhile,VEGF expression in the tumor tissue treated by BRl4-mixed VdsR declined as compared with the controls.Tumor vascular density as measured by CD31 immunostaining was significantly decreased in ultrasound-exposed tumors compared to the control.Conclusions Ultrasound exposure and/or microbubble can significantly enhance delivery and the efficiency of VdsR-mediated anti-tumor effects,and should be a location-specific enhancement approach for siRNA-based anti-cancer therapy.

Biological response modifiers combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for stage Ⅲ non-small-cell lung cancer / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To evaluate the effect of biological response modifiers for Ⅲ stage non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods:Fifty-nine patients were randomized into two groups.Twenty-nine patients were put into radiotherapy and chemotherapy(R+C) groups,thirty patients were into Biological response modifiers and radiotherapy chemotherapy(BRMS+R+C) groups.All patients received routine radiotherapy 2.0 Gy per day,5times a week to a total dose of 60-65 Gy,in 42-45 days.Radiation fields just covered clinical tumors.Chemotherapy consisted of cisplatin 25-30 mg/m 2 ,etoposide 50-70 mg/m 2 on days 1?2and 3 every 4 week,for squamous cell carcinoma.For adenocarcinoma,it was mitemycin 4-6 mg/m 2 on day1 and vindesine 3 mg on day1 and8,and cisplatin25-30 mg/m 2 on day1?2 and 3,every 4 weeks interferon-?(IFN-?)and interleukin-2(IL-2)were used in(BRMS+R+C)groups after the second chemotherapy was over. IFN-? was given on days 1?2?3 and IL-2 on days 2?4?6 to a total of forty-eight day.Results:The overall response rate was 51.7% and 76.6% in(R+C) and(BMRS+R+C) groups.The one.two year survival rates were 62.1% 17 3% and 83 3%,43 3% in (R+C) and (BMRS+R+C) groups respectively.Conclusions:The preliminary results from our study has shown that biological response modifiers combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for non -small cell lung cancer has better early response rate and survival rate.

Effects of pregnancy on blood/gas and tissue/gas partition coefficients of fluorinated volatile anesthetics in rats / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To determine blood/gas and tissue/gas partition coefficients of sevoflurane, isoflurane and halothane and evaluate the effects of pregnancy on them. Methods Ten 18-22 day pregnant and 10 non-pregnant SD rats were killed under pentobarbital anesthesia. The tissue specimens of heart, liver, kidney and brain were obtained and made into homogenates respectively. The blood/gas and tissue/gas partition coefficients of sevoflurane, isoflurane and halothane were determined using a method of 2-stage headspace equilibration by gas chromatography. Results Blood/gas and brain/gas partition coefficients were lower in pregnant group than in non-pregnant group (P

Clinical study of regional infusion chemotherapy for prevention of local recurrence and hepatic metastasis after radical resection of gastric carcinoma / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of regional infusion chemotherapy for prevention of local (recurrence) and hepatic metastasis after radical resection of gastric carcioma.Methods 352 patients with (gastric) carcinoma undergoing radical operation were preoperatively randomly divided into 2 groups:Regional (infusion) chemotherapy(treatment group,184 cases) and peripheral venous chemotherapy(control group,168 cases).Results 328 cases(93.2%) were followed-up for 3 to 6 years,and 24 cases were lost to follow up.The 1-,3- and 5-year survival rate was 95.7%,78.3% and 46.3%,respectively,in the (treatment) group,and 86.8%,48.2% and 22.0%,respectively in the control group.The local recurrence rate and hepatic metastasis rate was 9.2% and 12.5%,respectively,in the treatment group; and was (22.0)% and 26.8%,respectively,in the control group.Conclusions Regional infusion chemotherapy is (effective) for prevention of local recurrence and hepatic metastasis after radical operation for gastric carcinoma.It is better than peripheral venous chemotherapy and has less toxic side effects.