ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of Tongxinluo (TXL) on thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) and the underlying mechanisms.@*METHODS@#Ninety male C57/BL6J mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to a random number table: the sham group, TAO model group, Compound Danshen Tablet (CDT) group, and the high-, medium-, and low-dose TXL groups. All mice except the sham group were injected with sodium laurate (0.1 mL, 5 mg/mL) in the femoral artery to establish TAO mouse model. After modeling, mice in the sham and TAO model groups were intragastrically administered 0.5% (w/v) sodium carboxymethylcellulose, mice in the CDT group were intragastrically administered 0.52 g/kg CDT, and mice in the TXL-H, TXL-M, and TXL-L groups were intragastrically administered 1.5, 0.75, and 0.38 g/kg TXL, respectively. After 4 weeks of gavage, the recovery of blood flow in the lower limbs of mice was detected by Laser Doppler Imaging. The pathological changes and thrombosis of the femoral artery were observed by morphological examination. The expressions of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the femoral artery wall were detected by HE staining. Levels of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α), endothelin-1 (ET-1), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Levels of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (FIB) were detected by a fully automated biochemical analyzer.@*RESULTS@#TXL promoted the restoration of blood flow in the lower limbs, reduced the area of thrombosis in the femoral artery, and alleviated the pathological changes in the femoral artery wall. Moreover, the levels of TXB2, ET-1, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and iNOS were significantly lower in the TXL groups compared with the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the level of 6-keto-PGF1α was significantly higher (P<0.01). In addition, APTT, PT, and TT were significantly prolonged in TXL groups compared with the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and FIB levels were significantly decreased compared with the model group (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#TXL had a protective effect on TAO mice, and the mechanism may involve inhibition of thrombosis and inflammatory responses. TXL may be a potential drug for the treatment of TAO.
Subject(s)
Mice , Male , Animals , Thromboangiitis Obliterans/chemically induced , Interleukin-6/metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism , ThrombosisABSTRACT
Objective To investigate clinical effect of local decompression and selective interbody fusion with pedicle screw fixation technique for the treatment of degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Methods Medical records of 122 degenerative lumbar scoliosis patients were retrospectively studied. All cases were treated by selective interbody fusion,local decompression and pedicle screw fixation. Group A(L5 fusion)and group B(S1 fusion)un?derwent imaging analysis,and Suk criteria was used to evaluate the fixation,decompression,bone graft fusion. JOA scores were used to evaluate curative effect of excellent and good rate. Results There were no significant difference in operating time,blood loss and postoperative drainage volume between two groups. Follow?up period for all patients is(16.2 ± 0.8)months. X?ray revealed that Cobb′s angle on the coronal plane,the correction rate of lor?dosis and sagittal Cobb′s angle after treatment,the correction rate of lordosis in group B were better than in group A (P0.05). There was no infection or screw breakage and pulling out. The incidence rate of adjacent vertebral body disease in group A was higher than that in group B(P < 0.05). Conclusions Local decompression and selective interbody fusion with pedicle screw fixation technique for the treat?ment of degenerative lumbar scoliosis can produce satisfactory short to mid?term clinical curative effect.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the values of320-slice CTA for the diagnosis and intraoperative application ofintracranial small aneurysms.Metbods Fifty patients with pathologically confirmed intracranial small aneurysms were selected as the study subjects from January 2012 to June 2016.All the patients underwent 320-slice CT examination,and then the diagnostic values of 320-slice CT were discussed.Results Totally 48 patients were confirmed with intracranial small aneurysms and the diagnostic accordance rate was 96％,and there was missed diagnosis in 2 patients and no patients mis-diagnosed.The results by 320-slice CTA were mostly consistent with those by pathological examination.320-slice CTA displayed the site,shape,size,aneurysm neck height and adjacent structure of intracranial small aneurysms clearly in 49 patients,and undeveloped aneurysms due to narrow entrance or intraluminal thrombosis occurred in 1 patient.Conclusion 320-slice CTA gains advantages in diagnosing intracranial small aneurysms such as non invasion and high convenience and provides basis for clinical treatment,and thus is worthy promoting clinically.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the values of320-slice CTA for the diagnosis and intraoperative application ofintracranial small aneurysms.Metbods Fifty patients with pathologically confirmed intracranial small aneurysms were selected as the study subjects from January 2012 to June 2016.All the patients underwent 320-slice CT examination,and then the diagnostic values of 320-slice CT were discussed.Results Totally 48 patients were confirmed with intracranial small aneurysms and the diagnostic accordance rate was 96％,and there was missed diagnosis in 2 patients and no patients mis-diagnosed.The results by 320-slice CTA were mostly consistent with those by pathological examination.320-slice CTA displayed the site,shape,size,aneurysm neck height and adjacent structure of intracranial small aneurysms clearly in 49 patients,and undeveloped aneurysms due to narrow entrance or intraluminal thrombosis occurred in 1 patient.Conclusion 320-slice CTA gains advantages in diagnosing intracranial small aneurysms such as non invasion and high convenience and provides basis for clinical treatment,and thus is worthy promoting clinically.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess whether the dietary supplement (bromelain) has the potential to reduce plasma fibrinogen and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in patients with diabetes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This randomized placebo controlled, double blind, parallel design, efficacy study was carried out in China and investigated the effect of 12 weeks of bromelain (1,050 mg/day) on plasma fibrinogen. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) recruited 68 Chinese diabetic patients [32 males and 36 females; Han origin, mean age of 61.26 years (standard deviation (SD), 12.62 years)] with at least one CVD risk factor. Patients were randomized into either bromelain or placebo group. While bromelain group received bromelain capsule, the placebo group received placebo capsule which consisted inert ingredient and has no treatment effect. Subjects were required to take 1,050 mg (3×350 mg) of either bromelain or starch-filled placebo capsules, two to be taken (2×350 mg) after breakfast and another (350 mg) after dinner, daily for 12 weeks. Plasma fibrinogen, CVD risk factors and anthropometric indicators were determined at baseline and at 12 weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The change in the fibrinogen level in the bromelain group at the end of the study showed a mean reduction of 0.13 g/L (standard deviation (SD) 0.86g/L) compared with the mean reduction of 0.36 g/L (SD 0.96 g/L) for the placebo group. However, there was no significant difference in the mean change in fibrinogen between the placebo and bromelain groups (mean difference=0.23g/L (SD 0.22 g/L), =0.291). Similarly, the difference in mean change in other CVD risk factors (blood lipids, blood pressure), blood glucose, C-reactive protein and anthropometric measures between the bromelain and placebo groups was also not statistically significant. Statistical differences in fibrinogen between bromelain and placebo groups before the trial despite randomization may have influenced the results of this study.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This RCT failed to show a beneficial effect in reducing fibrinogen or influencing other selected CVD risk factors but suggests other avenues for subsequent research on bromelain.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Blood Glucose , Bromelains , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , C-Reactive Protein , Metabolism , Cardiovascular Diseases , Blood , Drug Therapy , Demography , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Blood , Drug Therapy , Double-Blind Method , Fibrinogen , Metabolism , Lipids , Blood , Placebos , Risk Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the application of entropy partition method (EPM) for studying the diagnostic criteria of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome. Methods: A clinical epidemiological survey was conducted in 400 patients with vascular endothelial dysfunction and the EPM was adopted to extract the TCM syndrome elements of "stagnancy of collateral-Qi in a deficiency condition", the correlation degree between each symptom of "stagnancy of collateral-Qi in a deficiency condition" was calculated and the diagnostic threshold of vascular endothelial dysfunction was established. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the EPM-associated diagnostic criteria were assessed by comparing with those of clinical epidemiology. Results: The diagnostic criteria of "stagnancy of collateral-Qi in a deficiency condition" in vascular endothelial dysfunction established with EPM had a satisfactory diagnostic efficiency. Conclusion: EPM for complex system is suitable for studying the diagnostic criteria of TCM syndrome. EPM is a scientific and strict method and has great value in clinical practice.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the changes of vascular endothelial functions and general neuro-endocrine-immunity (NEI) network under the state of qi-deficiency syndrome induced by excessive idleness and to approach their internal relevance and illuminate initially the pathophysiological mechanism of vascular lesion induced by excessive idleness.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 100 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group and the qi-deficiency syndrome model group, 50 rats in each group. The qi-deficiency syndrome model was established by feeding the animals with hyper-alimentation diet in combination with restricting movement for 10 weeks. Changes of common chemical signal molecules related to NEI and vascular endothelial functions were measured by the end of the experiment. Furthermore, their internal relevance was analyzed by the method of canonical correlation analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The vascular endothelial structure and function were obviously injured in the model group. Compared with the control group, the chemical signal molecules, such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), corticosterone (CORT), triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), angiotensin II (Ang II), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in peripheral blood of the model group (n=43) were changed significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Canonical correlation analysis showed that vascular endothelial dysfunction was correlated to the changes of these signal molecules in the NEI network.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Comfort-based lifestyle induced not only vascular endothelial dysfunction but also an imbalance of the NEI network. Vascular endothelial dysfunction and the imbalanced NEI network interacted with each other, and an imbalance of the NEI network may be the pathophysiologic basis for the genesis and development of vascular endothelial dysfunction, even diseases of the blood vessel.</p>