ABSTRACT
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of the new approaches for cancer treatment with high efficacy. However, applications of current photosensitizers are restricted to skin and superficial tumor due to poor in vivo targeting ability, poor water solubility and short wavelength excitement, which limits penetration therefore therapeutic depth. Here, a biodegradable polymeric micelle, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide copolymer (mPEG-PDLLA), is employed as drug delivery system to co-encapsulate strong two-photon absorption compound (LTPA) and photosensitizers. This delivery system is designed to target tumor passively, resulting in near infrared light with an approximately 808 nm wavelength becoming able to indirectly excite photosensitizers through fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Tumor cells and microvessels could be damaged by the generated singlet oxygen. The average size of drug loaded micelles was approximately 55 nm and showed a spherical shape. Both compounds could be released simultaneously from micelles under either weak acid and neutral pH conditions. Reactive oxygen species was produced intracellularly during two-photon PDT process and induced cell apoptosis/necrosis, which was quantified by Annexin-V/FITC assays. Time-dependent ex vivo organ distribution and in vivo anticancer efficacy results suggested that the drug carriers could accumulate in tumors and suppress tumor growth by two-photon PDT. All animals experiments were performed in line with national regulations and approved by the Animal Experiments Ethical Committee of College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University. In summary, we have employed two-photon PDT for breast cancer treatment successfully in a mouse model and have demonstrated the significance of delivery system in such therapeutics.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#Exploring the effect of three-flap paltoplasty in preventing anterior palatal fistula for patients whose anterior fissures measured more than 0.5 cm.@*Methods@#12 patients aged 18-24 months with unilateral complete cleft palate were selected for the implementation of three-flap paltoplasty for cleft palate repair. Briefly, three-flap paltoplasty is based on the traditional two-flap paltoplasty method and involves the creation of a mucoperiosteal flap A in the contralateral palate in front of the fissure margin that is approximately half the size of the anterior palate. The flap A was sutured to the edge of the contralateral nasal mucosa, and the mucoperior flap of both sides of the loose fissure was sutured in layers, and the suture was removed two weeks after surgery. The recovery of cleft palate was observed. @*Results @#All patients were followed up for 3 months, and 12 patients underwent successful repairs with no fistula and other complications.@*Conclusion@#Three-flap paltoplasty is an effective method of preventing anterior palatal fistula.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is an autogenuous product that contains highly concentrated number of platelets and can be derived from venous blood by selective centrifugation. It has been speculated that local growth factors in human platelets (insulinlike growth factor, IGF; transforming growth factor, TGF-b; platelet derived growth factor, PDGF) would enhance healing of grafts and also counteract resorption. The osteogensis effect of CGF and acellular dermal matrix (ADM) for alveolar cleft defects was evaluated in this study. Twenty alveolar cleft patients were divided randomly into two groups. One group underwent guided bone regeneration (GBR) using acellular dermal matrix film combined with alveolar bone grafting using iliac crest bone grafts (GBR group), while the other group underwent alveolar bone grafting combined with CGF (CGF group). Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained at 1 week and 6 months following the procedure. Using Mimics 17.0 software, the bone resorption rate and bone density improvement rate were calculated and compared between the two groups. Although not significant between ADM and CGF in bone resorption rate, the bone density improvement in cases with CGF(61.62 ± 4.728%) was much better than in cases with ADM (27.05 ± 5.607%) (p = 0.0002). Thus, CGF could be recommended to patients with alveolar cleft as a better choice.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Acellular Dermis , Alveolar Bone Grafting/methods , Cleft Lip/therapy , Cleft Palate/therapy , Guided Tissue Regeneration/methods , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology , Osteogenesis/drug effects , Alveolar Bone Loss/diagnostic imaging , Alveolar Bone Loss/physiopathology , Bone Density/physiology , Bone Regeneration/drug effects , Bone Regeneration/physiology , Cleft Lip/diagnostic imaging , Cleft Lip/physiopathology , Cleft Palate/diagnostic imaging , Cleft Palate/physiopathology , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Osteogenesis/physiology , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Wound Healing/drug effects , Wound Healing/physiologyABSTRACT
Objective@#To discuss the demand and security of tooth extraction under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation for the special needs patients.@*Methods@#From January 2014 to December 2015, the cases of tooth extraction under general anesthesia were collected to analyse the demand and security of tooth extraction with general anesthesia.@*Results@#54 patients were recruited in the study in which 11 were with serious limitation of mouth opening, 10 were with serious cardiovascular disease risk, 2 were with history of epilepsy, 13 were with serious dental phobia, and 18 were incoordination patients. All the operations were performed successfully and safely, and all the scores of post anesthetic discharge scoring system exceeded 9 points. No developed complications were showed in 1 day, 1 week, 1 month follow-up.@*Conclusion @#Tooth extraction under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation is a safe way for special needs patients.