Influencing factors for the prognosis of biopsy proven patients with chronic drug-induced liver injury: An analysis of 255 cases / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for the prognosis of adult patients with chronic drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Methods A total of 255 patients who were diagnosed with chronic DILI by liver biopsy in The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2014 to December 2018 were enrolled, and according to the liver function after 2 years, they were divided into non-recovery group and recovery group. The two groups were analyzed in terms of the clinical data including age, sex, body mass index, types of drugs used, type of DILI injury, severity of DILI injury, underlying diseases, laboratory markers, liver histology, and 2-year prognosis. The t -test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the independent risk factors for the prognosis of chronic DILI. Results After 2 years of follow-up, 195 patients (76.5%) achieved the recovery of liver function, while 60 patients (23.5%) did not achieve such recovery. There were significant differences between the two groups in the type of DILI injury ( P =0.028), the proportion of patients with diabetes ( P =0.048), and the degree of liver fibrosis ( P 2×upper limit of normal (ULN) ( OR =3.080, 95% CI : 1.331-7.127, P =0.009) were independent risk factors for the prognosis of chronic DILI. Conclusion When patients meet the diagnostic criteria for chronic DILI, the independent risk factors PLT 2×ULN may be used to screen out the patients who are more likely to have poor prognosis.

Retrospective Analysis of Hematological Phenotypes in Patients with Gene Mutation and Deletion α-Thalassemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the differences between hematological phenotypes of patients with different genotypes in gene mutations and deletion α- thalassemia.@*METHODS@#By screening the α- thalassemia gene test results in the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University from January 2015 to April 2020, the patients with mutation and deletion α- thalassemia were obtained, then the differences between hematological phenotypes of patients with different genotypes were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#There were 96 patients with mutation combined with deletion α- thalassemia from the results of 24 054 α- thalassemia patients screened out, including 79 patients with non-deletion Hb H disease (α@*CONCLUSION@#The hematological phenotype changes caused by α

Treatment of Recalcitrant Plantar Warts with 5-aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy(ALA-PDT)after Preconditioning with Superpulse Carbon Dioxide Laser / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective]To investigate the efficacy and safety of ALA-PDT following CO2laser preconditioning for recal-citrant plantar warts.[Methods]Patients with recalcitrant plantar warts were enrolled in this study,and received ALA-PDT treatment following CO2laser preconditioning. Cure rate and side effects were observed.[Results]Twenty patients were en-rolled and 85%(17/20)showed complete clearance of plantar warts after one to three times of ALA-PDT. PDT treatment time was once in two patients(10%),twice in five patients(25%)while three times in 10 patients(50%).No infection or scar tissue was observed.Five(25%)patients were infected with one type of HPV,while 15(75%)patients with two or mul-tiple types of HPV. No difference was observed in complete clearance rate between patients with single or multiple HPV gen-otypes infection.[Conclusions]Superpulse carbon dioxide laser pretreatment enhanced the efficacy of ALA-PDT treatment on recalcitrant plantar warts.Further study is needed to determine the association of HPV genotype with outcome of recalci-trant plantar warts.

Effect of suppression of S6K1 by miR-195 oninvasion and metastasis of prostate cancer cell / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of inhibition S6K1 by miR-195 on proliferation,apoptosis,invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer cells.Method The prostate cancer cell line DU145 and LNCaP were used to establish cell lines with overexpression or suppression of miR-195.S6K1 mRNA expression was determined by the reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) assay.Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay,cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,cell invasion and metastasis was detected by transwell invasion test and cell scratch test,respectively.Target gene of miR-195 was identified by using dual luciferase reporter assay.Results Cell proliferation rate in miR-195 overexpression group was significantly lower than that in the control group.Cell apoptosis in miR-195 overexpression group was higher than that in the control group.The invasive cell numbers and scratch distance in miR-195 overexpression group were less than those in the control group,but the invasive cell numbers and scratch distance were increased in miR-195 knockdown group.S6K1 expression could be inhibited by miR-195,and S6K1 was identified as a target gene of miR-195.Conclusion miR-195 regulates proliferation,apoptosis,invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer cell by targeting S6K1.

The role of cell apoptosis mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) of deep tissue injury of pressure ulcer of rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related factors in deep tissue injury (DTI) at pressure ulcer rat and to investigate the ERS mechanism of DTI in muscle tissue and protective effect of 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) in local tissue.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty male SD rats were randomly devided into control group, model group, experimental group NS group and PBA group, the experimental groups were divided into 4 d, 7 d, 14 d and 21 d group according to the observation time (n = 5). Rats in the PBA group were administrated with gastric perfusion of 4-PBA after the modeling; the NS group was given normal saline of the same quantity. Using HE staining to observe morphologic character. The expression of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78), CHOP, Caspase 12 were detected by immunohistochernical staining. Cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HE staining results showed that each group demonstrated compression injury compared with control group: cellular swelling, ompaction of nuclear, and apoptosis in muscle tissue. The new muscle fiber in 4-PBA group fused faster than those in NS group. The number of TUNEL positive cells peaked at 4 day after compression, then got decreased on day 7 in muscle tissue, apoptosis positive cells were diminished after 4-PBA treatment. The immunohistochemical staining results showed that the expression of protein GRP78, CHOP, Caspase 12 peakd 4 d after modeling and decreased gradually. The GRP78, CHOP, Caspase 12 protein expression were significantly higher than those of PBA group at all time points (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cell apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress took part in deep tissue injury resulting of pressure ulcer, which mechanism might be related to reducing apoptosis mediated by CHOP, Caspase 12.</p>

Expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and NF-kappa B in skeletal muscles and its effect on apoptosis in deep tissue injury of rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the changes of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) expression in muscle of pressure ulcer rats and explore the relationship with apoptosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into nine groups (n = 6), the experiment groups were pressed 9 circles (3 circles/day, 3 days), then observed on the 1st, 3rd, hematoxylin and eosin staining under the microscope; the expression of TNF-alpha was detected by Western blot; the expressions of NF-kappaB and caspase-3 were determined by immunohistochemistry, and evaluated the relationship of TNF-alpha with NF-kappaB and caspase-3; the number of apoptotic cells in compressed muscle tissue was detected by Hoechst 33258 staining under the fluorescence microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, histology examination showed that the tissue structure in experiment groups was in disorder, inter-space was wider, cell edema and the number of inflammatory cells were increased, the tissue was arranged in order and inflammatory cell recruitment was gradually attenuated. The expressions of TNF-alpha, NF-kappaB and caspase-3 were higher in the experiment groups than those in the control group (P < 0.05), reached their peak on the first day, gradually decreased on the 3nd day, but still had a significantly higher level than that in the control group (P < 0.01) on the 7th day; The number of apoptotic cells of experiment groups had a downward trend after the first rise under the fluorescence microscope; the expressions of TNF-alpha and NF-kappaB caspase-3 were found to have positive correlationship (P < 0.05), the expressions of NF-kappaB and caspase-3 were found to have positive correlationship (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Apoptosis is closely correlated with inflammation in deep tissue injury of pressure ulcer, NF-kappaB plays a role not only in the formation of inflammation, but also triggering apoptosis, which may induce the pathological change and clinical progress of pressure ulcer.</p>

Analysis on mutation of adrenoleukodystrophy gene in exon 1 and exon 5 / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To elucidate the molecular mechanism of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy(ALD) in Chinese.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Polymerase chain reaction in exon 1, exon 5 and their flanking sequences and direct DNA sequencing of ALD gene were performed in four patients, their mothers and twenty normal individuals as controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A splice mutation was identified in the interface of exon 5 and intron 5 (1875 G-->A). This splice mutation in 5' end of intron 5 might lead to abnormal splice in exon 5 and exon 6 and bring about unstable and abnormal ALD protein; the lignoceryl CoA ligase could not transport very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) into peroxisome and could not function normally; consequently, defective beta-oxidation of VLCFA in peroxisome could result in an accumulation of VLCFAS in the central nervous system, adrenal gland and blood.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The splice mutation in 5' end of intron 5 leading to abnormal splice in exon 5 and exon 6 appears to be one of the causes of X-linked recessive adrenoleukodystrophy.</p>