The effect of total saponins of Panax notoginseng on learning and memory of rats with post stroke depression and its mechanism / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of total saponins of Panax notoginseng (TSPN) on learning and memory of post-stroke depression (PSD) rats and its mechanism.Methods:Four-vessel occlusion method was used to build the rat stroke model and 7 days later these rats were given solitary breeding with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) to make depression model. Rats were randomly divided into Sham group ( n=10), Model group ( n=10), PSD group ( n=10) and TSPN group ( n=10). The rats in the Model group and PSD group were injected administered with equal volume of 0.9% saline 30 min post-brain ischemia, one injection per day for 30 days. while TSPN group were treated with TSPN. The dose of TSPN (75 mg/kg) was dissolved in 0.9% saline 10 g/L, once per day for 30 days. Then the learning and memory of rats were tested by Morris water maze.The protein levels of DCX and Nestin in the hippocampus were detected by Western blot. Furthermore, the DCX/Ki67 co-labeled cells in the SGZ of hippocampus were observed by the immunofluorescence. Results:The escape latency at the fifth day of PSD group((31.8±3.8)s) was longer than that in the Sham group((10.4±3.2)s) and Model group((19.8±3.7)s) ( t=9.23, 5.15; both P<0.05). The escape latency ((14.2±2.8)s) of TSPN group was shortened significantly than PSD group ( t=8.56, P<0.05). The times across the platform in the Sham group was (10.3±1.7), and the PSD group was (4.1±1.1), difference was statistically significant between two groups( t=11.24, P<0.05). The times across the platform (8.4±1.6) of TSPN group statistically increased compared with PSD group ( t=5.77, P<0.05). The protein levels of DCX and Nestin in the PSD group were (0.60±0.02), (0.58±0.03) respectively, and in the TSPN group were (1.07±0.07), (0.95±0.11) correspondingly, there were significant differences of the DCX, Nestin protein level between the two groups( t=20.22, 7.68, both P<0.01). Moreover, there was significant difference in the number of the DCX/Ki67cells in the hippocampus SGZ between the PSD group((16.2±2.8) /mm 2) and TSPN group ((21.2±3.1) /mm 2)( t=2.42, P<0.05). Conclusion:TSPN could improve the learning and memory of the rats with post-stroke depression through enhancing the hippocampus neurogenesis.

Salvianolic acid B ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy in T2 DM mice by activating PPARα / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the protective role of salvianolic acid B ( Sal B ) on cardiac hypertrophy in type 2 diabetes mice , and to explore its influence on peroxisome proliferator activated receptors-α( PPARα) .Methods The type 2 diabetes melitus ( T2DM) mouse model was established by 4 weeks ' high fat diets feeding and one time STZ intraperitoneal injection .The animals were randomly divided into:control, T2DM, T2DM+SalB(100 mg· kg -1 · d-1 ) and Sal B(100 mg· kg -1 · d-1 ) groups.Eight weeks later, heart weight, tibial length, cross section area of cardiomyocytes , protein expression of PPARαin heart tissue were recorded .In vitro, high glucose and high insulin ( HGI ) were used to induce hypertrophic growth in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes ( NRC-Ms) .And cell surface area , 3 H-leucine incorporation , 3 H-D-glucose uptake and PPARαprotein level were measured to observe the effect of Sal B and MK 886, a PPARαinhibitor.Results In T2DM model mice, Sal B could lower heart weight/tibial length and cross sec-tion area of cardiomyocytes , while PPARαprotein level in hearts were improved .In cultured cardiomyocytes , Sal B ( 10 ～100 μmol · L-1 ) ameliorated the in-creased levels of cell surface area ,3 H-leucine incorpo-ration and improved the decreased 3 H-D-glucose up-take and PPARαexpression induced by HGI . But those function could be abolished by MK 886.Conclu-sion Sal B ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy in T 2DM mice, which may be related to its function on PPARαactivation .

Spermicidal effect of alcohol extracts from different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul in vitro / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the spermicidal effect of alcohol extracts from different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Semen samples aseptically obtained by masturbation and prepared by density gradient centrifugation from 15 healthy men were incubated in the alcohol extracts from 9 different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul for 20 seconds, 2 minutes and 4 minutes. Then the motility and movement parameters of the sperm were detected by computer-assisted semen analysis, and the minimal effective concentrations of the instant spermicidal effect of the extracts were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the ratio of 3:1, the extract at 0.5 mg/ml significantly inhibited the sperm motility and other sperm movement parameters VCL, VSL, VAP, ALH, WOB and MAD, as compared with the control group. The minimal effective concentration of the instant spermicidal effect of the extracts was 3.5 mg/ml at 3:1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The alcohol extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait and Chinese Bulbul at the ratio of 3:1 have the best spermicidal effect in vitro.</p>

In vivo study of antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects of compound Kucen gel / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects of compound Kucen gel in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>As antifertility experiment, we randomly divided 60 female SD rats into six groups of equal number: normal saline, blank gel, low-, medium- and high-dose compound Kucen gel (0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 g/g), and positive control (4% nonoxynol gel) to receive intravaginal administration of 200 microl of respective agent, followed by copulation with male rats in a 1:1 ratio. At 12 days after successful mating, the female rats were dissected for calculation of the embryos and the rate of contraception. As an anti-inflammatory trial, we established a mouse model of inflammation by applying xylene to the pinna, and equally randomized 60 Kunming mice to six groups as in the former experiment. We determined the degrees and average rates of swelling inhibition in the left ear.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>High-dose compound Kucen gel achieved a fertility-inhibition rate of 100% in the female rats, the number of embryos significantly lower than in the normal saline group (0.00 +/- 0.00 vs 11.00 +/- 2. 00, P < 0.05), but with no statistically insignificant difference from that of the positive control (0.00 +/- 0.00, P > 0.05). High-dose compound Kucen gel also markedly suppressed swelling in the left ear of the mice, with an inhibition rate of 52.3%, the average swelling degree significantly lower than in the normal saline group (10.17 +/- 2.56 vs 21.32 +/- 3.17, P < 0.01), but not remarkably different from that of the positive control (8.53 +/- 1.89, P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound Kucen gel, with its strong antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects, deserves further study and clinical application.</p>

CD8+ cell noncytotoxic antiviral response (CNAR) to HIV in nosocomial HIV-infected individuals / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the CD8+ cell noncytotoxic antiviral response (CNAR) to HIV in nosocomial HIV infected individuals, and reveal the relationship between the CNAR and CD4+ cell count.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>CD8+ cells from HIV-1 sero-positive individuals were separated by immunomagnetic beads and mixed with CD4+ cells at different CD8 CD4 cell input ratios (2:1, 1:1, 0.5:1 and 0.25:1). Reverse transcriptase (RT) activity of cocultured supernatant was tested and compared with negative control and the suppression rate of HIV-1 replication was measured.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The average CD8:CD4 cell input ratios to reach 80% suppression of HIV replication in the group with CD4 < 300/microl and CD4 > 300/microl were 2.4:1 and 1.3:1, respectively (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CNAR activity in HIV infected individuals is associated with CD4+ cell count. The ability to suppress HIV replication in subjects with CD4 > 300 is stronger than those with CD4 < 300.</p>

Application of latissimus dorsi-myocutaneous flap in breast reconstruction / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the design, procedures and effect of latissimus dorsi-myocutaneous flap (LDMF) for breast reconstruction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May, 2005 to April, 2006, 18 consecutive patients underwent breast reconstruction with LDMF. Combined breast implants were also inserted in 8 of the 18 cases. The procedure duration, complication and aesthetic results were assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean procedure duration was 147 minutes. There was no flap loss and no severe complications. The reconstructed breast was a little over high in one patient. All the other 17 patients (94.4%) were very satisfied with the aesthetic result.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LDMF or a combination of LDMF with breast implants is a reliable method for breast reconstruction with low complication. The procedure is easily performed with good aesthetic result.</p>