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Objective To analyze the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for malaria treatment.Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the basic attributes of TCM drugs with regard to property, therapeutic methods, flavor, and meridian tropism. A complex network of TCM drug associations was constructed. Cluster analysis was applied to obtain the core drugs for malaria treatment. The Apriori algorithm was applied to analyze the association rules of these core drugs.Results A total of 357 herbs were used 3,194 times in 461 prescriptions for malaria treatment. Radix Glycyrrhizae (), Rhizoma Pinelliae (), Radix Bupleuri (), and Radix Dichroae () were the frequently used herbs through supplementing, exterior-releasing, heat-clearing, qi-rectifying, and damp-resolving therapeutic methods. Such herbs had warm, natural, and cold herbal properties; pungent, bitter, and sweet flavors; and spleen, lung, and stomach meridian tropisms. Cluster analysis showed 61 core drugs, including Radix Glycyrrhizae, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Radix Bupleuri, and Radix Scutellariae (). Apriori association rule analysis yielded 12 binomial rules (herb pairs) and 6 trinomial rules (herb combinations). Radix Bupleuri plus Radix Scutellariae was the core herbal pair for treating malaria. This pair could be combined with Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae () for treating warm or cold malaria, combined with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae () or Radix Dichroae () for treating miasmic malaria, or combined with turtle shells () for treating malaria with splenomegaly.Conclusions TCM can be used to classify and treat malaria in accordance with the different stages of development. As the core herbal pair, Radix Bupleuri and Radix Scutellariae can be combined with other drugs to treat malaria with different syndrome types.
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Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Data MiningABSTRACT
Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab combined with laser photocoagulation for the treatment of macular edema associated with ischemic branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods Together 60 patients (60 eyes) with BRVO in Anshan City Central Hospital were included and divided into three groups,20 patients with intravitreal ranibizumab treatment as A group,20patients with retinal laser photocoagulation treatment as B group,and another 20 patients with intravitreal ranibizumab combined with retinal laser photocoagulation therapy as C group,followed by the preoperative observation of the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),slit lamp,fundus and intraocular pressure examination,fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA),optical coherence tomography (OCT).One day after the surgery,BCVA,slit lamp and intraocular pressure examination were conducted,and 1 month,2months,3 months after the surgery,observation of BCVA,slit lamp,fundus and intraocular pressure examination were performed.Then,OCT was used to determine the status of macular edema.And finally,BCVA and central macular thickness (CMT) in the three groups were statistically analyzed by observing the above indicators.Results The BCVA at 1 month,2 months,and 3 months after treatment was higher than before treatment in all three groups,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The BCVA of A group was 0.26 ±0.14 and 0.26 ±0.14 at 2 and 3 months after treatment,respectively,which was significantly better than that of B group (0.39 ±0.10 and 0.40 ±0.10) (all P ＜0.05).At 3 months after treatment,the BCVA in C group was 0.14 ±0.11,which was significantly higher than that in A group (0.26 ±0.14) (P＜0.05).The BCVA of C group was 0.30 ±0.13,0.20 ±0.12,0.14 ± 0.11 at 1 month,2 months and 3months after treatment,respectively,which was better than that of B group (0.43 ±0.10,0.39 ± 0.10,0.40 ± 0.10),and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜0.05).The postoperative CMT was significantly reduced when compared with preoperation in all three groups (all P ＜ 0.05).The CMT at 1 month,2 months and 3 months after treatment in C group was (318.85 ± 71.48)μm,(287.15 ± 56.71) μm and (255.05 ± 60.90)μm,respectively,which was better than that in A group [(347.00 ± 67.59) μm (305.10 ± 47.44) μm and (282.40 ± 36.26) μm],and B group [(417.05 ± 63.94) μm,(394.80 ±57.18) μm,and (375.90 ± 55.10) μm],with significant differences (all P ＜ 0.05).At 2 months and 3 months after treatment,CMT in A group was better than that in B group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of retinal laser photocoagulation combined with intravitreal ranibizumab in the treatment of BRVO macular edema is better than simple retinal laser photocoagulation and simple intravitreal ranibizumab.
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To analyze the prognosis and risk factors of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), 94 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were enrolled in this study, while survival rate and risk factors of prognosis were analyzed. The results indicated that the complete remission (CR) ratio was 51.1%. Overall survival and event-free survival rates of month 6, 12, 18, 24 were 68.6%, 55.8%, 53.8%, 46.4%, 21.3% and 57.9%, 38.6%, 33.3%, 31.6%, 0% respectively. The factors such as age<40 years, WBC<10.0x10(9)/L before chemotherapy, WBC in the period of bone marrow suppression<1.0x10(9)/L, chemotherapy within 1 month after occurrence of leukemia, blood transfusion before chemotherapy of APL had favourable influence on remission and survival rates of ANLL patients. CR1, the time to get CR, length of CR and relapse significantly correlated with prognosis (p<0.05). It is concluded that the individualized therapy concerning the risk factors should be applied to ANLL patients for improving the remission, survival rate and prognosis.