ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the effect of pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES) on post-stroke dysphagia. Methods:Randomized controlled trial (RCT) about pharyngeal electrical stimulation for dysphagia after stroke were searched in Coehrane Library, Embase, EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, CBM, VIP, CNKI and Wanfang Data until June, 2020. The literature quality was evaluated, and the data were analyzed with RevMan 5.3. Results:Five RCTs were returned, including 325 patients. PES was more effective in improvement of Dysphagia Severity Rating Scale scores (SMD = -0.27, 95%CI -0.53 to -0.01, P = 0.04) and decannulation rate (RR = 4.69, 95%CI 2.02 to 10.87, P < 0.001); however, there was no significant difference in Functional Oral Intake Scale scores (SMD = 0.24, 95%CI -0.32 to 0.79, P = 0.40), Penetration-Aspiration Scale scores (MD = -0.18, 95%CI -0.74 to 0.39, P = 0.54) and length of stay (SMD = -0.16, 95%CI -0.42 to 0.11, P = 0.25) between PES and control. Conclusion:Pharyngeal electrical stimulation can improve the swallowing function and enhance decannulation rate for post-stroke dysphagia, while it is uncertain for functional oral intake, risk of aspiration and length of stay.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the efficacy of disease control, survival time and safely in treatment of newly diagnosed multiple mycloma patients with different dose of tenalidomide regimens.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 116 patients with multiple myeloma from June 2011 to June 2015 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. According to doses of used lenalidomide based on dexamethasone plus lenalidomide regimen 116 patients were divided into 2 groups: conventional dose group (58 cases) and low dose group (58 cases). The ORR, PFS rate and OS rate during followed-up for 3 years, KPS score, RNS score and immunophenotypic index before and after treatment and drug toxicity incidence were compared between 2 groups.@*RESULTS@#The ORR for 2 treatment courses of low dose group was significantly lower than that in conventienal dose group (P＜0.05). The ORR for 4 and 6 treatment courses was not significantly different between 2 groups (P＞0.05). The PFS rate and OS rate during followed-up for 3 years was no significantly different between 2 groups (P＞0.05). The KPS score and RNS score after treatment of low dose group were significantly better than those in conventional dose group and before treatment (P＜0.05). The levels of immunophenotypic index after treatment of both groups were significantly better than those before treatment (P＜0.05). The incidence of III-IV grade hematological toxicity, pulmonary infection and herpes were not significantly different between 2 groups (P＞0.05). The incidence of peripheral neuropathy and gastrointestinal reactions in the low dose group were significantly lower than that in conventional dose group (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Conventional and low doses of lenalidomide possess the same control effects and survival time for treatment of newly dingnosed patients with multiple myeloma; Despite, the initiation of effects from the low dose lenalidomide is relatively slower, it contributes to raise the overall quality of life and reduce the risk of drug toxicity.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Blood Coagulation , Dexamethasone , Multiple Myeloma , IgA Vasculitis , Quality of Life , Retrospective Studies , Thalidomide , Thrombelastography , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the significance of serum interleukin-35 level and the new regulatory T cells -iTR35 cells in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty three cases of newly diagnosed MDS were enrolled in this study from January 2014 to January 2016 in Department of Hematology of The First Hospital of Quanzhou in Fujian Province. According to MDS International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS), the 23 patients were divided into 4 groups: high-risk (n=4), intermediate risk-2 (n=10), intermediate risk-1 (n=5) and low-risk group(n=4). Twenty healthy people of routine physical examination were used as control during the same period. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and flow cytometry(FCM) were used to detect the expression level of serum IL-35, the proportion of iTR35 cells, and the expression levels of associated molecules such as IL-12p35,IL-27EBl3 respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The proportion of CD4CD25Foxp3Treg cells in peripheral blood of MDS patients was significantly higher than that in controls (P<0.01). The proportion of iTR35 cells was also higher than that in controls(P<0.01). However, the proportion of CD4+ CD25Foxp3T cells was not significantly different between 2 groups (P>0.05). The level of serum IL-35 in MDS patients was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of IL-12p35 and IL-27EBl3 in the Treg cells were also significantly upregulated than those in control group(P<0.05), the expression levels of IL-35, IL-12p35 and IL-27EBl3 in MDS group positively correlated with the proportion of iTR35 cells(r=0.92, 0.99 and 0.52, P<0.05, respectively). IL-35 level and the proportion of iTR35 cells in 4 groups of MDS showed significantly difference in general term, no significant difference was found in IL-35 level between the high-risk group and intermediate risk-2 group (P>0.05), but the IL-35 levels in both groups were significantly higher than those in intermediate risk-1 group and the low-risk group (P<0.05), and the level in the intermediate risk-2 group was significantly higher than that in the intermediate risk-1 group and the low-risk group (P<0.05), while there was not different between the intermediate risk-1group and the low risk group (P>0.05). The proportion of iTR35 cells was not significantly different between the high-risk group and the intermediate risk-2 group. The proportions of iTR35 cells in the high-risk group and the intermediate risk-2 group were higher than those in the intermediate risk-1 group and the low-risk group respectively (P<0.05), but there was no differentce in population of iTR35 between the intermediate risk-1 group and the low-risk group (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The imbalance between IL-35 level and iTR35 cells propertion may play an important role in the development of MDS, which possibly to provides a new theoretical basis for the study of MDS immune targeting therapy.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of mTOR inhibitor rapamycin on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of Burkitt's lymphoma cell line Raji and CA46 cells and its mechanism, so as to provide the experimental evidence for a therapeutic target of Burkitt's lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay was performed to assess the inhibitory effect of rapamycin on proliferation of Burkitt's lymphoma cell line Raji and CA46 cells. The cell cycle distribution of Raji and CA46 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry with propidium iodide(PI) single staining. The cell apoptosis of Raji and CA46 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry with FITC Annexin V+PI double staining. The expressions of RPS6, p-RPS6, survivin and caspase-3 proteins were detected by Western blot after treating with rapamycin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Rapamycin markedly inhibited the proliferation of both Raji and CA46 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manners, showing good biological activity, the cell proliferation inhibition rate reached about 20% after treatment with 1 nmol/L rapamycin. After treatment with different concentrations of rapamycin for 24 and 48 hours, the proportion of both cells in G/Gphase in the treated groups was significantly increased in a time- and concentration-dependent manners in comparison with the solvent control group. With regard to the cells in S and G/M phase, the decreased population was accompanied by the increase of G/Gphase cells. After treatment with 100 nmol/L rapamycin for 48 hours, both Raji and CA46 cells demonstrated an apparent apoptosis,especially late apoptosis by flow cytometry with Annexin V+PI staining. After treatment with rapamycin, the expression of p-RPS6 and survivin of Raji and CA46 cells was obviously down-regulated, the expression of caspase-3 was obviously up-regulated in a time- and dose-dependent manners. However, rapamycin did not obviously affect the expression of RPS6.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The rapamycin can effectively inhibit cell proliferation, arrest Raji and CA46 cells in G/Gphase, and this effect associates with inhibiting the activation of mTOR/RPS6 signal pathway through down-regulating the expression of phosphorylated RPS6, i.e. mTOR downstream signal pathway. It also can induce apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of anti-apoptotic protein survivin and activating the intrinsic pro-apoptotic protein caspase-3.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression and its mechamisms of microRNA let-7b in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), so as to provide the basis for searching a new targeted therapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Firstly, methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was used to analyze the methylation status of CpG islands in microRNA let-7b promoter of bone marrow mononuclear cells in the patients with ALL and patients with non-hematologic malignancies as control, the real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression levels of microRNA let-7b in this 2 groups; and then 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC, DAC) was used to treat ALL cell line MOLT-4; after drug treatment, MSP was used to analyze the methylation status of the CpG islands in microRNA let-7b promoter; the qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of microRNA let-7b, and further explore the regulatory mechanism of microRNA let-7b expression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hypermethylation of CpG islands in microRNA let-7b promoter in ALL patients was significantly higher than that in patients with non-hematologic malignancies, and the relative expression level of microRNA let-7b was significantly reduced in ALL patients; 5-aza-dC could significantly inhibit the growth of MOLT-4 cells and arrest the cells in G1 phase, thus biosynthesis of RNA and protein was suppressed, and the apoptosis was promoted, meanwhile, 5-Aza-dC could increase the expression of microRNA let-7b.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the patients with ALL, the expression of microRNA let-7b is regulated by methylation of CpG islands in the region of genomic promoter. The microRNA let-7b may act as a tumor suppressor, whose low expression is involved in ALL development, indicating the microRNA let-7b may become a new therapeutic target for ALL.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Azacitidine , CpG Islands , DNA Methylation , Epigenesis, Genetic , MicroRNAs , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Real-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the lethal effect of cytotoxic lymphocytes against U266 cells induced by DCs pulsed with multiple myeloma (MM) U266 lysate and transfected with GM-CSF recombinant adenovirus. The cytotoxic lymphocytes against U266 cells were induced by culturing with DCs, which pulsed with MM U266 antigens and transfected with GM-CSF recombinant adenovirus. The effect of cytotoxic lymphocytes against U266 cells were measured by LDH release detection. Experiments were divided into 3 groups: N-DC group as control in which DCs were normal; U-DC group in which DCs were pulsed by U266 soluble antigen, and G-U-DC group in which DCs were stimulated by U266 soluble antigen and GM-CSF transfected with Ad-CMV. The results showed that there was significant difference on killing rate against U266 cells between 3 groups (F = 10.939, p < 0.05). The killing rate of G-U-DC group was the highest (p < 0.001), and killing rate of U-DC group was higher than that of N-DC group (p < 0.001). It is concluded that the cytotoxic lymphocytes against U266 cells can be induced by DCs pulsed with U266 lysate, and the lethal effect of CTLs can be enhanced when DCs transfected by recombinant adenovirus with exogenous gene GM-CSF.