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Objective@#To understand the consciousness of the cancer early treatment and its demographic and socioeconomic factors.@*Methods@#A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 provinces covered by the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China (CanSPUC) from 2015 to 2017. A total of 32 257 local residents aged ≥18 years old who could understand the investigation procedure were included in the study by using the cluster sampling method and convenient sampling method. All local residents were categorized into four groups, which contained 15 524 community residents, 8 016 cancer risk assessment/screening population, 2 289 cancer patients and 6 428 occupational population, respectively. The questionnaire collected personal information, the consciousness of the cancer early treatment and relevant factors. The Chi square test was used to compare the difference between the consciousness of the cancer early treatment and relevant factors among the four groups. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors related to the consciousness of the cancer early treatment.@*Results@#With the assumption of being diagnosed as precancer or cancer, 89.97% of community residents, 91.84% of cancer risk assessment/screening population, 93.00% of cancer patients and 91.52% of occupational population would accept active treatments (P<0.001). If the immediate family members were diagnosed as precancer or cancer, people who would encourage their family members to receive early treatment in the four groups accounted for 91.96%, 91.94%, 92.44% and 91.55%, respectively (P<0.001). The company employees, annual household income with 40 000 yuan and more and other three groups had a relatively better consciousness of the cancer early treatment (P<0.05). Male, widowed, unemployed and from the central and western regions had a relatively worse consciousness of the cancer early treatment (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Residents in urban China participants had a good consciousness of the cancer early treatment. The marital status, occupation, annual household income and residential regions were major factors related to the consciousness of the cancer early treatment.
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Objective@#To analyze the temporal trends of lung cancer incidence between age, gender (male and female) and areas (urban and rural) in Beijing during 2000-2012.@*Methods@#The lung cancer cases were collected by Beijing cancer registry between 2000 and 2012. We calculated the incidence and world age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) which standardized by World Segi's population. Also, the average age and median age of lung cancer incidence were calculated. The annual percent changes (APC) for the whole period, for the gender ratio and for the area ratio were evaluated with Joinpoint analysis.@*Result@#Totally, 81 378 new cases of lung cancer were diagnosed in 2000-2012 with the average incidence rate of 52.67/100 000. The incidence rate increased by 4.84% per year from 38.99/100 000 to 65.33/100 000, but the APC of ASR was 1.69% (P<0.001) . The ASR increased 0.54% (P=0.029) per year in urban from 29.71/100 000 to 30.55/100 000 and 3.93% (P<0.001) in rural areas from 24.02/100 000 to 35.79/100 000. The incidence ratio of urban to rural decreased from 1.24 to 0.85 (APC=-3.29%, P<0.001). The incidence ratio of male to female decreased from 1.84 to 1.69 (APC=-0.45%, P=0.019).The average age of lung cancer incidence of male and female increased from 66.27 and 66.00 to 68.97 and 69.11 (P<0.001), respectively.@*Conclusion@#The incidence rate of lung cancer increased slightly in urban areas but increased significantly in rural areas during 2000-2012, the area ratio trend was declined. The average age of lung cancer occurrence gradually increased, but the temporal trends varied with age group. The gender ratio decreased from 2000 to 2012.
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Objective@#To evaluate the incidence and mortality status of thyroid cancer in China, 2013.@*Methods@#Incidence and mortality data of thyroid cancer were derived from 255 population-based cancer registries in China. Age-specific and age standardized incidence and mortality rates of thyroid cancer in different areas (urban and rural) with different gender were calculated based on the stratification of area (urban and rural), gender, age and tumor position. Chinese census in 2000 and the world Segi′s population were used for age-standardized incidence/mortality rates. The incident cases and deaths were estimated using age-specific rates and national population data in 2013.@*Results@#The estimates of new cancer incident cases and deaths were 143.9 thousand and 6 500, respectively. The crude incidence rate was 10.58/100 000 (Male 5.12/100 000, Female 16.32/100 000). Age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASIRC, 2000) and by world standard population (ASIRW) were 8.82/100 000 and 7.67/100 000, respectively. Male to female ratio was 1∶3.2. The crude incidence rate in urban and rural areas were 15.03/100 000 and 5.41/100 000, respectively. After adjustment by China standard population, the rate in urban areas was 2.57 times higher than that of rural areas. The crude mortality rate of thyroid cancer was 0.48/100 000 (Male 0.33/100 000, Female 0.63/100 000). Age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population (ASIRC, 2000) and by world standard population (ASIRW) were 0.33/100 000 and 0.32/100 000, respectively. The crude mortality rate in urban and rural areas were 0.57/100 000 and 0.38/100 000, respectively. After adjustment by China standard population, the rate in urban areas was 1.41 times higher than that of rural areas. The cumulative incidence and mortality rates (0-74 years old) were 0.74% and 0.03%, respectively. According to the data from 255 cancer registries, papillary carcinoma is the main pathology type, which accounted for 89.9% of all malignant tumors.@*Conclusions@#The disease burden of thyroid cancer in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas. Females have the higher incidence rate than that of males. The reasons related to the higher incidence rate of thyroid cancer should be further investigated to provide evidence for appropriate cancer control strategies and policies to be made in China.
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Objective@#To analyze the incidence trends and to describe the characteristics of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) among residents in Beijing from 1999 to 2013.@*Methods@#Medical information of the cases diagnosed as STS(ICD10: C47&C49) from 1999 to 2013 in Beijing was extracted from the population-based database of Beijing Cancer Registry.Crude incidence rate, age-standardized incidence rates to Chinese population (ASRC)and the world population(ASRW) were calculated. The characteristics of the STS cases in different gender and age groups from urban and rural areas were respectively analyzed.The incidence trends and annual percentage changes (APC) during last 15 years were analyzed by using JoinPoint 3.4.3 software.@*Results@#A total of 2 048 cases were diagnosed as STS during the study period and the incidence rate of STS was 1.15 per 100 000 person-years. The ASRC was 0.74 per 100 000 person-years and ASRW was 0.86 per 100 000 person-years, respectively. Except for the impact of changes in the age composition, the APC of ASRW from 1999 to 2013 was 3.95%. For males, the incidence rate was increased from 0.65 per 100 000 in 1999 to 1.51 per 100 000 in 2013, and the APC was 4.27% (P<0.05); For females, the incidence rate was increased from 0.61 per 100 000 in 1999 to 0.91 per 100 000 in 2013, and the APC was 3.38% (P<0.05). In urban area, the incidence rate increased from 1.14 per 100 000 in 2000 to 1.35 per 100 000 in 2013, and the APC was 2.70% (P=0.05); In rural area, the incidence rate increased from 0.57 per 100 000 in 2000 to 0.98 per 100 000 in 2013, and the APC was 4.66% (P=0.04). 85.89%cases were pathologically diagnosed.Among them, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma was the most common subtype, which accounting for 19.22%, followed by liposarcoma (19.04%), malignantnerve sheath tumor (10.18%), fibrosarcoma (10.06%)and sarcoma without definite type(7.22%).@*Conclusions@#The incidence rate of STS is still increasing, especially in the rural area of Beijing. The most common subtypes of STS in different age-groups were different. Further study is needed to explore the high risks of STS in the population with specific characteristics.
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Objective@#To analyze the associations between molecular subtypes and overall breast cancer survival among premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer in Beijing, and to provide basic information for breast cancer clinical researches and control.@*Methods@#All the resident patients diagnosed with breast cancer in four well-established hospitals were retrieved from Beijing cancer registry, related information, such as TNM stages, receptor status, histological grade, height, weight, were collected by case extraction. Cancer registration information and population-based follow-up information were used to acquire survival outcome. All the patients were followed up until 31 December 2015, 4 531 cases with invasive, primary breast were included in the final analysis. All the cases were classified into Luminal and non-Luminal according to receptor status. Five-year survival rates of the two subtypes were estimated by the life-table method. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were employed to evaluate the associations between molecular subtypes and breast cancer survival.@*Results@#Of all the 4 531 patients, premenopausal patients accounted for 44.5% (2 017 cases) and postmenopausal patients accounted for 55.5% (2 514 cases). 643 cases died during the study period. Overall five-year survival was 89.5% (95%CI: 88.6%-90.4%), for premenopausal and postmenopausal patients, they were 92.1% (95%CI: 90.9%-93.3%), and 87.5% (95%CI: 86.2%-88.8%), respectively. Among all the patients, 3 730 patients had molecular subtype, 76.7% (2 861 cases) were Luminal breast cancer, and 23.3% (869 cases) were non-Luminal breast cancer. Five-year survival rates for Luminal and non-Luminal were 91.8% (95%CI: 90.8%-92.8%), and 83.2% (95%CI: 80.7%-85.7%), respectively. No matter in premenopausal or postmenopausal patients, non-Luminal breast cancer had significantly higher risk of death compared to Luminal breast cancer (premenopausal: HR=1.85, 95%CI: 1.26-2.73; premenopausal: HR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.07-1.88).@*Conclusion@#For both premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer patients, non-Luminal breast cancer had lower five-year survival rates than Luminal breast cancer, which was a risk factor on breast cancer survival.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the incidence trends and characteristics of lymphoma in Beijing, 1998-2010.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total of 9 763 new cases diagnosed as lymphoma in 1998-2010 were extracted from the population-based database of Beijing Cancer Registry, covering population of 151 601 066 person-years. Incidence, age-adjusted incidence, cumulative incidence, truncated incidence and annual percentage change (APC) were calculated. The gender-specific, age-specific and pathology-specific incidence trends were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The incidence rate of lymphoma was 6.48/100 000 (9 763/150 720 187) during the period of 1998-2010, increased from 3.78/100 000 (410/10 850 626) in 1998 to 8.88/100 000 (1 111/12 518 114) in 2010 with an increasing rate of 136.17% (APC = 5.21%, P < 0.05). The incidence rate of Hodgkin lymphoma increased from 0.25/100 000 (27/10 850 626) in 1998 to 0.47/100 000 (59/12 518 114) in 2010 with an increasing rate of 88.00% (APC = 4.33%, P < 0.05). The incidence rate of non-Hodgkin lymphoma was increased from 2.89/100 000 (314/10 850 626) in 1998 to 5.93/100 000 (742/12 518 114) in 2010 with an increasing rate of 105.19% (APC = 4.19%, P < 0.05) . During the period of 1998-2010, the incidence of lymphoma was 7.78/100 000 (7 125/91 621 898) in urban areas and 4.47/100 000 (2 638/59 098 289) in rural areas, 7.40/100 000 (5 632/76 121 672) in males and 5.54/100 000 (4 131/74 598 518) in females.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The incidence of lymphoma keeps increasing in 1998-2010, and the incidence was higher in males than females, urban areas than rural areas. The incidence patterns of Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma were different.</p>
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , China , Epidemiology , Incidence , Lymphoma , Rural Population , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo study the expression of telomerase of fibroblasts in the formation and development of scar,and to investgate the relationship between the telomerase activity and the formation and development of scar.MethodsExpression of telomerase was detected by immunohistochemical techniques in 18 specimens from granulation tissue,17 keloid,16 specimens from hypertrophic scar,28 specimens from mature scar,32 specimens from normal skin,and SPSS16.0 statistics software was used to analyze the relationship between telomerase and scar.Results It was shown that the positive expression rate of telomerase in the granulation tissue group was 94.4 ％,that in the keloid group was 58.8 ％,that in the hypertrophic scar group was 18.8 ％, and that in the mature scar and in the normal skin was zero. comparisons between groups,in addition to the normal scar group and normal skin group,other groups were statistically significant differences.ConclnsionsScar formation is a process with multi-factor participation,while telomerase activation is an important factor. Detecting telomerase activity in the development process of scar formation may determine the prognosis.Through the control of telomerase activity in the pathogenesis of scar may become a new approach of scar treatment.
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Objective To conduct an empirical study for quantifying the anastomosis between two vessels after skin expanded technique by the method of angiography and to provide a precise basis for vascular study in skin flap.Methods Bilateral skin flaps based on deep iliac circumflex vessels were elevated from the abdominal wall including deep superior epigastric vessels.One was expanded at the boundary between two vessels and the other unexpanded.An X-ray image was obtained by carotid arterial injection of gelatin-lead oxide mixture.Three parallel lines with equal intervals perpendicular to long axis of the two vessels were designed at the communication area.Vessel anastomosis quantity was determined by counting the number of marks derived from the intersections of the lines and the vessels and statistical analysis was carried out.Results The marks of intersection in expanded group were more than unexpanded group with statistical significance.Conclusions The method for quantifying vessel anastomosis in skin flap is reliable.The principles of this procedure may also be applied to other experimental and elinical studies.