ABSTRACT
Objective This study evaluated the effects of a systematic intensive health education intervention in community-dwelling elderly individuals with hypertension. Methods Using a cluster sampling method,we selected two neighborhoods in the Taiyuan Xiyu community,which were located 8 km apart.We randomly assigned all elderly community residents who were diagnosed with hypertension to one of two groups according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria:the intervention group(n=314)or the control group (n=319). The intervention group received a 1-year systematic intervention of intensive health education, whereas the control group only received 1 year of routine health education. After 1 year, blood pressure, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, blood lipid levels, and changes in poor health behaviors were evaluated in both groups. Results The systolic blood pressure of hypertensive patients in the intervention group decreased from(136.75±14.62)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)before the intervention to (131.11 ± 7.71) mmHg after the intervention. The diastolic blood pressure of hypertensive patients in the intervention group decreased from(81.22±7.71)mmHg before the intervention to(80.45±5.12)mmHg after the intervention. Body mass index, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased from(25.02±3.09)kg/m2,(5.85±1.50)mmol/L,(5.23±0.99)mmol/L,and(2.98±1.07) mmol/L before the intervention to(24.22±2.73)kg/m2,(5.23±1.50)mmol/L,(4.42±1.31)mmol/L,and(2.73±0.95)mmol/L after the intervention in the intervention group,respectively.The differences before and after the intervention were significant (P<0.05, P<0.01). The systolic blood pressure of hypertensive patients in the control group decreased from (137.83 ± 13.83) mmHg before the intervention to (133.14 ± 7.69) mmHg after the intervention. The diastolic blood pressure of hypertensive patients in the intervention group decreased from (82.04 ± 7.62) mmHg before the intervention to (81.22 ± 5.29) mmHg after the intervention. Fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol of hypertensive patients in the control group decreased from (5.67±1.49)mmol/L and(5.27±1.02)mmol/L before the intervention to(5.47±1.53)mmol/L and(4.70±1.25) mmol/L after the intervention,respectively.The differences before and after the intervention were significant (P<0.05,P<0.01).The difference between the two groups in systolic blood pressure,body mass index,fasting blood glucose, and total cholesterol were statistically significant (P<0.05, P<0.01). After the intervention, both groups showed statistically significant behavioral changes in smoking cessation, physical exercise, low-sodium diets, and weight control (P<0.01). Conclusion A systematically intensive health education intervention was effective in improving blood pressure and unhealthy lifestyles for community-dwelling elderly patients with hypertension.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus and its influence on pregnancy outcome,and to provide guidance for early intervention of gestational diabetes to improve pregnancy outcome in clinic.Methods Totally 159 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2016 as observation group were collected,and at the same time,634 healthy pregnancy women as control group were collected.The risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus were analyzed by the Logistic regression analysis and comparison of pregnancy outcome between two groups was conducted.Results The patients in the observation group with age ≥ 35 years,overweight or obesity before pregnancy,adverse pregnancy history,family history of diabetes,hypertension and vaginal candida and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 35 years,overweight or obesity before pregnancy,adverse pregnancy history,family history of diabetes,and positive TPOAb were the independent risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus,OR was 2.441,2.889,1.486,4.879,and 1.323,respectively;the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of premature rupture of membrane,pregnancy hypertensive disorder,premature birth,polyhydramnios,uterine-incision and postpartum hemorrhage in observation group were higher than those in control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of giant baby,fetal distress and mild neonatal asphyxia were higher than those in control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).No statistical significance in fetal growth restriction,neonatal malformations between two groups was found (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Age ≥35 years,overweight or obesity before pregnancy,adverse pregnancy history,family history of diabetes,and thyroid dysfunction were the independent risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus,and it has serious effect on pregnancy outcome,so that it should take measures to prevent the independent risk factors.
ABSTRACT
A decade has passed since the terrorist attack of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. Tragedies such as that caused either by human or the Mother Nature result in damages not only to our physical health, but also our mental health. Although mental problems is generally not as tangible as physical ones, they do put a threat to our society especially in forms of long-term disorders such as post-traumatic stress symptoms [PTSD], depression and generalized anxiety disorder [GAD] and should not be ignored