ABSTRACT
Abstract@#Comprehensive sexuality education is an important part of quality education, primary and secondary schools are the most suitable places for sex education. This paper sorts out the current status of sexuality education for primary and secondary school students in developed countries after presenting the overall significance of school based sexuality education, and further points out the problems and urgency of sexuality education for primary and secondary school students in China. It also put forward the way to new directions for advocacy, including the comphrehensive sexuality education curriculum system, training of sexuality education teachers, the positive and active role of families, as well as social and community support for sexuality education in schools.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of aldosterone escape in patients with non-diabetic nephropathy by RASI-therapy. Methods A total of 104 patients with non-diabetic nephropathy were treated with ARB or combination therapy of ACEI and ARB in a mean follow-up period of 12 months. Aldosterone escape was determined according to the change of plasma aldosterone concentration before and after treatment during 6-month and 12-month ACEI/ARB treatment, while the influencing factors of aldosterone escape in patients with non-diabetic nephropathy was also analyzed after therapy with RASI . Results In 12 months, the incidence of aldosterone escape was significantly higher than that in 6 months (26.92% vs. 14.42%, P = 0.007). After 12-month treatment, the difference was statistically significant in incidence of aldosterone escape among different stages of CKD (P = 0.027). Compared with 6-month incidence of aldosterone escape in the losartan group, 12-month incidence increased evidently (P = 0.020). The Ald level was positively correlated with urinary protein excretion and the Scr level (r = 0.431, P = 0.003 and r = 0.336, P = 0.009, respectively), and negetively correlated with levels of the eGFR (r = -0.275, P = 0.006). Univariate Logistic regression demonstrated that risk factors of aldosterone escape included pre-treatment values of the urinary protein excretion (OR = 3.671, P = 0.028) and the eGFR (OR = 0.972, P = 0.019). Multivariate Logistic model revealed pre-treatment values of the eGFR was positively associated with aldosterone escape (OR = 0.970, P = 0.012). Conclusion The incidence of the aldosterone escape increases along with the time of treatment. Renal function has correlated with aldosterone escape and pre-treatment value of the eGFR is an independent risk factor of aldosterone escape.