ABSTRACT
Objective To observe echocardiographic characteristics of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) with Sievers classification.Methods Clinical and echocardiography data of 121 patients with BAV were retrospectively analyzed.According to Sievers classification,the patients were divided into type 0 (no raphe),type 1 (one raphe) or type 2 (two raphes).BAV of type 1 was further divided into three subtypes,including 1(L-R) subtype (the raphe positioned between the left and the right coronary sinuses),1(R-N) subtype (the raphe positioned between the right coronary sinus and non-coronary sinus) and 1 (N-L) subtype (the raphe positioned between the left coronary sinus and non-coronary sinus).The diameters of aorta in BAV patients with Sievers classification obtained with echocardiography were compared.Results There were 3 patients (3/121,2.48％) of type 0 and 118 patients (118/121,97.52％) of type 1 BAV.In patients of type 1 BAV,there were 80 cases (80/121,66.12％) of subtype 1 (L-R),33 (33/121,27.27％) of subtype 1 (R-N) and 5 (5/121,4.13％) of subtype 1 (N-L).There was no type 2 patient among these 121 cases.The diameters of the annulus and sinus of Valsalva in subtype 1 (R-N) BAV patients were less than those in subtype 1 (L-R) BAV (P=0.01,0.02).There was no significant difference of the diameters of the annulus,sinus of Valsalva,sinotubular junction nor the proximal ascending aorta among different subtypes of BAV (all P＞0.05).Conclusion Subtype 1(L-R) is more common in BAV patients,which often associated with larger diameters of annulus and sinuses of Valsalva than subtype 1 (R-N) on echocardiography.
ABSTRACT
Aortic regurgitation(AR)is a common valvular disease.AR results from diastolic valve malcoaptation caused by disease of either the aortic leaflets and/or the aortic root, leading to the retrograde flow from the aortic root into the left ventricle. Due to the compensatory mechanism of the heart, patients with chronic AR remain asymptomatic, with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in early period. However, irreversible myocardial dysfunction may occur despite normal LVEF. Now this review summarizes the new progress of assessment of left ventricular myocardial strain in patients with chronic AR by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), velocity vector imaging (VVI) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), hoping to help detect subclinical left ventricular dysfunction and provide reference information for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the expression of interleukin -17A(IL-17A),interleukin-10(IL-10), interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) in the maternal plasma , umbilical plasma , neonatal plasma from the pregnant women who accepted the Telbivudine for the prevention of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus infection .Methods 85 preg-nant women who were delivered in the hospital were chosen [ Telbivudine group 25 cases,HBVDNA high viral level group,HBVDNA negative group,non-infection group(health pregnant),each group included 20 cases].The level of the serum of IL-17A,IL-10,IL-6 in the maternal plasma,umbilical plasma,neonatal plasma from the different group was prospectively analyzed by the CBA method .Results The levels of IL-17A in the maternal plasma,um-bilical plasma,neonatal plasma of the Telbivudine group [(15.29 ±4.80)pg/mL,(19.45 ±4.80)pg/mL,(17.32 ± 4.18)pg/mL]were lower than the HBVDNA high viral level group [(26.03 ±4.88)pg/mL,(34.07 ±5.59)pg/mL, (24.12 ±4.76)pg/mL],there were significant differences(P=0.000,0.001,0.019);The level of IL -10 in the maternal plasma,umbilical plasma,neonatal plasma of the Telbivudine group [(6.08 ±1.32) pg/mL,(2.33 ± 0.68)pg/mL,(3.74 ±0.61)pg/mL]were higher than the HBVDNA high viral level group [(3.95 ±1.21)pg/mL, (1.71 ±0.53)pg/mL,(2.22 ±0.55)pg/mL],there were significant differences(P=0.023,0.015,0.012);The level of IL-6 in the maternal plasma ,umbilical plasma ,neonatal plasma of the Telbivudine group were lower than the HBVDNA high viral level group,there were significant differences (all P <0.05).Conclusion Telbivudine can cause the inhibition of the replication of HBV virus , partially reverse the immunologic dissonance of the pregnant women with HBV virus ,which is conducive to maintaining pregnancy .