ABSTRACT
Primary hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia(HSH) is a rare cause of hypoparathyroidism. This article presents a case of a 26-year-old male with recurrent generalized weakness and tetany, and a literature review of diagnosis and treatment of primary HSH. The biochemical tests revealed the patient had severe hypomagnesemia, mild hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, and hypoparathyroidism. Transient receptor potential melastatin-6(TRPM6) gene mutation were detected by gene test, which confirmed the diagnosis of primary HSH. The patient had been treated with long term oral magnesium supplementation, who remained asymptomatic during the follow-up. Primary HSH is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder caused by mutations in the TRPM6 gene which encoding a magnesium permeable channel expressed in the intestine and the kidney. The primary defect is impaired intestinal absorption of magnesium with secondary renal excretion, leading to a series of clinical symptoms. The treatment is mainly through lifelong magnesium supplementation.
ABSTRACT
Almost all the type 2 diabetic patients require insulin therapy as disease progresses over time. However, there are still a large number of patients who fail to achieve glycemic target with basal insulin therapy. How to optimize glycemic control in these patients is a problem in clinical practice. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)receptor agonist is a new type of anti-hyperglycemic agent with complementary mechanisms of actions to basal insulin,helpful for improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients with basal insulin treatment. Therefore, clinical evidence in Chinese population is valuable for clinical diabetes management in China. This paper is the translation of "Efficacy and safety of lixisenatide in a predominantly Asian population with type 2 diabetes insufficiently controlled with basal insulin:The GetGoal-L-C randomized trial",published on"Diabetes,Obesity&Metabolism" in February 2018[Yang W,Min K,Zhou Z,et al. Diabetes,Obesity&Metabolism,2018,20(2):335-343] with open access, which demonstrated efficacy and safety of lixisenatide in a predominantly Asian population with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes as add-on therapy to basal insulin.
ABSTRACT
To compare the effects of four different intensive insulin therapies on blood glucose control and vascular endothelial function in newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes.Patients were randomly divided to accept pre-meal insulin aspart 30 or pre-meal insulin aspart and glargine at bedtime or pre-meal Novolin-R and NPH at bedtime or continuous subcutaneous insulin aspart infusion.Capillary blood glucose determination and continuous glucose monitoring system were carried out,therapeutic time and total insulin dosage were recorded.Ultrasound was used to evaluate the vascular endothelial function.Glucose level,incidence of low glucose,potency ratio of the four groups were similar( P＞0.05 ) ; FMD and NMD were not significantly improved ( P =0.718,P =0.065 ).The short-term efficacy and safety of the four groups are similar.The short-term intensive insulin therapy has no obvious effect on vascular endothelial function.
ABSTRACT
The relationship of erectile dysfunction (ED) with serum levels of total testosterone (TT) and free testosterone (FT) was investigated in 53 men with type 2 diabetes under 50 years of age.The relevant clinical status was matched and no significant difference was noticed for TT [ ( 14.11 ±5.81 vs 14.97 ±4.93 ) nmol/L] and FT [ (9.31 ± 8.84 vs 8.72 ± 5.33 ) pg/ml ] levels in type 2 diabetic patients with and without ED.This study has demonstrated that testicular androgen may not contribute to ED in young and middle-aged men with type 2 diabetes.