ABSTRACT
Chronic diabetic wound remains a critical challenge suffering from the complicated negative microenvironments, such as high-glucose, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia and malnutrition. Unfortunately, few strategies have been developed to ameliorate the multiple microenvironments simultaneously. In this study, Chlorella sp. (Chlorella) hydrogels were prepared against diabetic wounds. In vitro experiments demonstrated that living Chlorella could produce dissolved oxygen by photosynthesis, actively consume glucose and deplete ROS with the inherent antioxidants, during the daytime. At night, Chlorella was inactivated in situ by chlorine dioxide with human-body harmless concentration to utilize its abundant contents. It was verified in vitro that the inactivated-Chlorella could supply nutrition, relieve inflammation and terminate the oxygen-consumption of Chlorella-respiration. The advantages of living Chlorella and its contents were integrated ingeniously. The abovementioned functions were proven to accelerate cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in vitro. Then, streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were employed for further validation. The in vivo outcomes confirmed that Chlorella could ameliorate the undesirable microenvironments, including hypoxia, high-glucose, excessive-ROS and chronic inflammation, thereby synergistically promoting tissue regeneration. Given the results above, Chlorella is considered as a tailor-made therapeutic strategy for diabetic wound healing.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the intestinal absorption kinetics of gambogic acid (GA) in rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>In situ single-way intestinal perfusion model was established to study the intestinal absorption kinetics of GA in different absorption segments, and the concentration of GA in the perfusate was determined by HPLC. The effect of drug concentrations on intestinal absorption was also detected.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>GA showed a higher absorption rate than other intestinal segments (P < 0.05) and kept unchanged in duodenum after addition in drug concentration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GA can be absorbed in all intestinal segments in rats with the higher absorption rate in duodenum. Its mechanism is passive diffusion.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Intestinal Absorption , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Xanthones , PharmacokineticsABSTRACT
To strengthen nursing ethics education and nursing construction are the solid foundation for successful emergency nursing.This paper analyzes the demand for building a reasonable nursing echelon,explores problems in current condition,and comes up with feasible countermeasures,thus providing reference for strengthening nursing echelon construction.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the correlation between gastric acid pH value of patients with acid-related gastric diseases and the score of their life events. Methods: To evaluate the LES (life event scale) of the 108 patients with acid-related diseases were divided into 3 groups according their cluster of gastric acid pH value, group one pH 1.3 (n=37), group two pH 1.6~1.7(n=32), group three pH 2.1~4.5(n=39). Results: The LES total score and factor scores increased with the gastric acid level, the total score of the three groups were 40.0?20.6, 15.1?9.2, 6.4?6.5 respectively, the differences among the three groups were significant (F=43.26,P