ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the effect of independent E purchasing skill training on social function rehabilitation of long-term inpatients with schizophrenia.Methods:A total of 42 inpatients with schizophrenia was divided into control group (22 cases) and experimental group (20 cases) by the random number table method. The control group was treated with traditional routine nursing and drug therapy, while the experimental group was treated with independent E purchasing skills training and drug therapy. The curative effect was evaluated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Scale of Social function in Psychosis Inpatients (SSPI) before the intervention and at the end of the 12th week of intervention.Results:After 12 weeks intervention, the total score of PANSS in the experimental group was (44.60 ± 5.68), of which the positive symptom was (8.50 ± 1.47), the negative symptom was (11.90 ± 2.79) and the general psychopathology was (24.05 ± 3.02). In the control group, the scores of each type were (58.95 ± 9.62), (10.36 ± 3.67), (18.00 ± 4.67) and (30.59 ± 5.13). The difference between the two groups were statistically significant ( t values were -5.810- - 2.119, P<0.05). After 12 weeks intervention, the score of GSES in experimental group was (3.45 ± 0.48) and in control group (2.29± 0.69), the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 6.256, P<0.05). After 12 weeks intervention, the total score of SSPI was (38.90 ± 2.72), the score of the subjects' ability of daily living was (10.95 ± 1.19), the mobility and communication (15.45 ± 1.57), social activity skills (12.00 ± 1.34) in the experimental group. The scores of each type were (25.32 ± 6.36), (8.36 ± 1.59), (9.95 ± 2.75) and (7.00 ± 2.56) in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 5.918-8.513, P<0.05). Conclusions:Independent E-purchasing skills training can improve the mental symptoms of long-term inpatients with schizophrenia, improve the self-efficacy and social function of inpatients with schizophrenia, and promote the rehabilitation of social function.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate whether the combination of oral propranolol and topical 0.5% timolol maleate cream is more effective than oral propranolol alone for treating infantile hemangioma (IH).@*Methods@#From September 2015 to July 2016, 14 patients with proliferative IH, visited the infantile hemangioma outpatient clinic of the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai 9th People′s Hospital, were enrolled in this study. All patients took oral propranolol. Half of each IH lesion was treated with 0.5% timolol maleate cream. There were 5 male patients and 9 female patients, aged from 1.5 to 5.0 months. After 4 months of treatment, the color, size, extent, volume and the overall clinical outcomes of each lesion were measured, and the side effects were recorded. The therapeutic outcomes of oral propranolol alone and the combination of propranolol and timolol were analyzed and compared using Wilcoxon matched-pair signed-rank nonparametric tests.@*Results@#Both oral propranolol alone and oral propranolol combined with topical 0.5% timolol maleate cream were proved to effectively improve the regression of IH with minor side effects. The color VAS score of oral propranolol alone group was 6.92±2.63, while the combination group was 6.88±2.33 (Z=0.043, P=0.966). The volume VAS score of oral propranolol alone group was 6.94±2.00, while the combination group was 6.98±2.11(Z=-0.051, P=0.959).@*Conclusions@#Oral propranolol combined with topical application of 0.5% timolol maleate could not increase the efficacy in the treatment of IH, compared with oral propranolol alone in the short-term observation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the economic burden of hepatitis C patients and related factors in Guangdong province.Methods In this study,cluster sampling method was used to select cases,including acute hepatitis C,chronic hepatitis C and liver cirrhosis cases from eligible outpatients and inpatients in 1 or 2 large general hospitals in all the 21 cities in Guangdong province.Questionnaire survey was conducted for all the hepatitis C patients to analyze their economic burden,while multivariate linear regression model was used to identify the related influencing factors.Results A total of 356 hepatitis C patients were enrolled in the study,with 176 outpatients (49.4％) and 180 inpatients (50.6％) respectively.The average age of the study subjects was (44.79± 11.73) year-olds.The annual direct economic costs of patients with acute hepatitis C,chronic hepatitis C and liver cirrhosis were 10 703.22 (IQR:7 396.75-16 891.91),14 886.63 (IQR:7 274.00-30 228.25) and 28 874.00 (IQR:13 093.69-56 350.00) Yuan (RMB) respectively.The annual indirect costs appeared as 2 426.99 (IQR:1 912.18-7 354.52),3 235.99 (IQR:1 323.81-6 619.07) and 5 442.35 (IQR:3 235.99-10 296.33) Yuan (RMB) respectively.The annual intangible costs were 5 000.00 (IQR:2 000.00-10 000.00),10 000.00 (IQR:4 000.00-30 000.00) and 10 000.00 (IQR:3 000.00-100 000.00)Yuan (RMB) respectively.The annual total costs were 22 306.17 (IQR:14 581.24-50 569.17),38 050.33 (IQR:17 449.57-68 319.62) and 80 152.18 (IQR:40 856.09-228 460.79) Yuan (RMB) respectively.Results from the multiple linear regression analysis showed that factors as:annual hospitalization days,annual number of outpatient visits,annual number of hospitalization,type of disease and the levels of the hospitals were related to the economic burden of patients with hepatitis C.Conclusion Patients with HCV-related diseases presented serious economic problem which calls for close attention in Guangdong province.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the economic burden of hepatitis C patients and related factors in Guangdong province.Methods In this study,cluster sampling method was used to select cases,including acute hepatitis C,chronic hepatitis C and liver cirrhosis cases from eligible outpatients and inpatients in 1 or 2 large general hospitals in all the 21 cities in Guangdong province.Questionnaire survey was conducted for all the hepatitis C patients to analyze their economic burden,while multivariate linear regression model was used to identify the related influencing factors.Results A total of 356 hepatitis C patients were enrolled in the study,with 176 outpatients (49.4％) and 180 inpatients (50.6％) respectively.The average age of the study subjects was (44.79± 11.73) year-olds.The annual direct economic costs of patients with acute hepatitis C,chronic hepatitis C and liver cirrhosis were 10 703.22 (IQR:7 396.75-16 891.91),14 886.63 (IQR:7 274.00-30 228.25) and 28 874.00 (IQR:13 093.69-56 350.00) Yuan (RMB) respectively.The annual indirect costs appeared as 2 426.99 (IQR:1 912.18-7 354.52),3 235.99 (IQR:1 323.81-6 619.07) and 5 442.35 (IQR:3 235.99-10 296.33) Yuan (RMB) respectively.The annual intangible costs were 5 000.00 (IQR:2 000.00-10 000.00),10 000.00 (IQR:4 000.00-30 000.00) and 10 000.00 (IQR:3 000.00-100 000.00)Yuan (RMB) respectively.The annual total costs were 22 306.17 (IQR:14 581.24-50 569.17),38 050.33 (IQR:17 449.57-68 319.62) and 80 152.18 (IQR:40 856.09-228 460.79) Yuan (RMB) respectively.Results from the multiple linear regression analysis showed that factors as:annual hospitalization days,annual number of outpatient visits,annual number of hospitalization,type of disease and the levels of the hospitals were related to the economic burden of patients with hepatitis C.Conclusion Patients with HCV-related diseases presented serious economic problem which calls for close attention in Guangdong province.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, in order to provide scientific basis for assessment on HIV prevention programs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Surveillance projects on HIV infection status and risk factors were carried out among MSM in six prefectural PRD cities, based on the national sentinel surveillance program among MSM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 8 770 MSM were recruited in the six PRD prefectural cities from 2009 to 2013. The overall prevalence rates of HIV among MSM during 2009 and 2013 were 4.7% , 9.7% , 10.6% , 12.9% and 11.4% , respectively, appeared an increasing trend. HIV related high-risk behaviors were commonly seen among MSM. The proportion of consistent condom use during anal sex in the last six months was 46.3%. Associated risk factors for HIV infection among MSM would include older age, being non-permenant residents, inconsistent condom use, history of having had sexually transmitted diseases and without having received intervention services in the last year.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High-risk behaviors were popular in the MSM population that causing the HIV transmission to expand among the MSM population in the major region of PRD. It seemed necessary to reinforce the publicity and education programs as well as effective behavior intervening measures among the MSM group.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , HIV Infections , Epidemiology , Homosexuality, Male , Psychology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Safe Sex , Sexual Behavior , Psychology , Sexually Transmitted DiseasesABSTRACT
Objective To explore the clinicopathological features,immunohistochemical characteristics of gastrointestinal anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL).Methods Clinical manifestations,histology and immunophenotype of three cases diagnosed with gastrointestinal ALCL were analyzed with the review of related literatures.Results The clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal ALCL were of no characteristical changes.The pathological features were pleomorphic in which some bizarre,horseshoed or kidney-shaped nuclei were seen.The characteristic of one of the three cases was shown as sarcomatoid.All cases expressed LCA,CD3,CD4,CDs,CD45Ro,CD30,two out of three cases expressed ALK protein,otherwise they were negative for B cell related antigens,CD15 and muscle,nerve,epithelium originated antigens.Conclusions ALCL of the gastrointestinal tract is extremely rare as one of the lymphatic hematopoietic system tumors.No definite clinical characteristic is seen in the gastrointestinal ALCL with high grade malignancy.It is easily misdiagnosed as carcinomas or other sarcomas.It is necessary to use biopsy to make a pathological diagnosis.