ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect factors for language and memory dominance testing in propofol Wada test in refractory epilepsy patients.Methods From January 2010 to August 2013,total of 23 patients underwent propofol Wada tests for language and memory dominance evaluation.According the performance in language test and memory test,the patients were divided into two groups,respectively:succeed with test or failed in test.The relevant factors including age,duration of epilepsy,handedness,FIQ (full scale of intelligence quotient),lateralization of lesions,language dominance,dose of propofol and the adverse effects of propofol were recorded as independent variables.Logistic regression was adopted to screen the effect factors for memory dominance evaluation.All statistical analyses were processed with SPSS software.Results All 23 patients succeeded with language test,but only 13 patients succeed with memory test.The difference of success ratios between language test and memory test was significant (P=0.001).For memory test,the difference of duration of epilepsy and FIQ in success group and failed group was significantly different (duration of epilepsy:(10.57±4.68) vs (18.30±9.30),P=0.032,FIQ:(81 ±25.33) vs (64.2±10.86),P=0.046).More grade Ⅱ adverse effects of propofol occured in the patients who failed in memory test (P=0.011).Logistic regression results indicated the grade Ⅱ adverse effects of propofol were the main risk factor for memory test failure (OR=28.0,P＜0.01).Conclusions Propofol Wada test is an effective method for language dominance evaluation.However,the effect factors for memory dominance evaluation are much more than language evaluation,such as duration of epilepsy,FIQ and grade Ⅱ adverse effects of propofol,and grade Ⅱ adverse effects of propofol may be the most significant risk factor.
ABSTRACT
The recent developments in purification and disinfect of drinking water as well as wastewater treatment adopting solar energy-titanium dioxide(TiO2)catalytic technology are introduced in general in the present review. The advantages of this technology are titanium dioxide catalytic agent with strong sunlight absorption in near ultraviolet ray range, lasting catalytic reaction, chemical stable and innocent for human and environment. The oxidizer produced during ray catalytic has strong oxide action that can kill most microorganisms and decompose most organic pollutants. This technology has widespread practical value in the remote areas and rural areas because it does not consume electric energy
ABSTRACT
This article presents the feasibility on application of TiO 2 photocatalysis in drinking water disinfection involving the removal of organic contaminants, inactivation of bacteria and virus. However, the efficacies of TiO 2 photocatalyst in killing of recalcitrant pathogenic protozoans such as Giardia lambia and Cyptosporidium or persistent algae need frurther investigation, and the photocatalytic approach lacks any residual disinfection capacity.