ABSTRACT
Objectives: we sought to evaluate the trend of antibiotic consumption in patients admitted to a community hospital in Qatar with an antimicrobial stewardship program
Methods: this observational study was carried out in a 75-bed facility in Western Qatar over a 4-year period [2012-2015]. The monitoring of antimicrobial consumption from inpatient wards was performed from the pharmacy records and presented as defined daily dose [DDD] divided by the patient days and expressed as 100 bed-days [DBD]
Results: the consumption of antimicrobials in 2012 was 171.3 DBD, and increased to 252.7 DBD in 2013, 229.1 DBD in 2014, and 184.7 DBD in 2015. Cephalosporins use reduced from 98.2 DBD in 2013 to 51.5 DBD in 2015 while the consumption of penicillins increased during the beginning of 2014 with a slight decrease in 2015. Carbapenems consumption during 2014-2015 was lower than previous years, and vice-versa for aminoglycosides. Fluoroquinolones had a sustained increase with 37.1% increased consumption in 2015 compared to the two previous years. There was an increase in the use of intravenous [IV] [108.5%] and oral azithromycin [55.1%] and the use of oral [152.8%] and IV moxifloxacin [22.9%]
Conclusions: we observed a decrease in antibiotic use in patients admitted to a community hospital with an antimicrobial stewardship program, but the increase in fluoroquinolones consumption is a concern that requires focused strategies
ABSTRACT
Influenza vaccination is recommended for all healthcare workers [HCW] to prevent transmission within healthcare facilities. We conducted a descriptive study on influenza vaccination coverage during 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 campaigns in a community hospital in Qatar. 61.7% of the HCW were immunized in the first campaign, with an increase of up to 71.1% [p < 0.05] in the second one, which was mainly due to better compliance of doctors [46 .9% and 69.2%, respectively]. Our results show proper coverage rates according US standards and highlight the need to implement additional strategies to improve health workers adherence of influenza, vaccinations
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Influenza Vaccines , Immunization , Health Personnel , Hospitals, CommunityABSTRACT
This study sought to assess the effect of the multidimensional approach developed by the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium [INICC] on the reduction of ventilator-associated pneumonia [VAP] rates in patients hospitalized in an adult intensive care unit [AICU] in an INICC member hospital in Havana, Cuba. We conducted a prospective surveillance pre-post study in AICU patients. The study was divided into two periods: baseline and intervention. During the baseline period, we conducted active prospective surveillance of VAP using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] National Health Safety Network [NHSN] definition and INICC methods. During the intervention period, we implemented the INICC multidimensional approach for VAP, in addition to performing active surveillance. This multidimensional approach included the following measures: a bundle of infection control interventions, education, outcome surveillance, process surveillance, feedback of VAP rates and performance feedback of infection control practices. The baseline rates of VAP were compared to the rates obtained after intervention, and we analyzed the impact of our interventions by Poisson regression. During the baseline period, we recorded 114 mechanical ventilator [MV] days, whereas we recorded 2350 MV days during the intervention period. The baseline rate of VAP was 52.63 per 1000 MV days and 15.32 per 1000 MV days during the intervention. At the end of the study period, we achieved a 70% reduction in the rate of VAP [RR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.12-0.7; P value, 0.003.]. The implementation the INICC multidimensional approach for VAP was associated with a significant reduction in the VAP rate in the participating AICU of Cuba