ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the current status of mental workload and its relationship with work engagement and fatigue, as well as the impact path among the three.Methods:Clinical nurses from six tertiary hospitals including Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, etc. were selected to conduct a cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling method from February to March 2020. They were investigated by general information questionnaire, NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), and Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14).Results:The total mental workload score of 776 clinical nurses was 76.50(69.00, 84.00). Single factor analysis showed that clinical nurses of different ages, marriage and childbirth status, education level, professional title and working years had different mental workload ( Z = -2.61, H values were 10.22-22.41, all P<0.01). Bivariate analysis revealed that the mental workload of clinical nurses was positively correlated with work engagement ( r = 0.27, P<0.01) and fatigue ( r = 0.23, P<0.01), and work engagement and fatigue were negatively correlated ( r = -0.23, P<0.01). Mediation effect analysis demonstrated that mental workload had a positive predictive effect on fatigue ( β = 0.39, P<0.01) and work engagement ( β = 0.35, P<0.01); the suppressing effect of work engagement between mental workload and fatigue, the absolute value of the ratio of the suppressing effect to the direct effect was |-0.17/0.39|. Conclusions:The mental workload of clinical nurses is at relatively high level. Hospital administrators can partially improve the fatigue state of clinical nurses with high mental load through the adjustment effect of work engagement.
ABSTRACT
Objective This retrospective study compared the detection rates of prostate cancer between freehand transperineal biopsy (FTPB) and template-guided transperineal biopsy (TYPB) in the patients with PSA levels ＜ 20 ng/ml.Methods From April 2017 to April 2019,768 patients with PSA levels ＜ 20 ng/ml were included into this study.Of these patients,406 underwent FTPB procedures and 362 underwent TTPB procedures.There were no significant differences of median age [66.00(61.00,70.00)vs.66.00 (61.00,71.25) years],height [170.00 (165.00,172.00) vs.170 (165.00,173.00) cm],weight [70.00 (63.88,75.00) vs.70.00 (63.75,75.00) kg],BMI [24.22 (22.22,25.95) vs.24.22 (22.49,25.82) kg/m2],PSA [8.75 (6.49,12.40) vs.8.69 (6.49,11.96) ng/ml],fPSA [1.18 (0.33,2.15) vs.1.15(0.76,1.88)ng/ml],prostate volume [39.79(25.55,53.94)vs.39.88(24.46,55.11)ml] between two groups.Patients' biopsy results were recorded,the differences of prostate cancer detection rates between these two groups were analyzed,specifically including the cancer with Gleason score ≥ 7 and the anterior zone cancer.Results The total prostate cancer detection rates were 33.7％ (137/406) and 39.0％ (141/362,P =0.134) in FTPB group and TTPB group respectively,and the detection rates of cancer with Gleason score≥7 were 23.9％ (97/406) and 32.0％ (116/362,P =0.012) respectively.The detection rates of anterior zone prostate cancer were 15.5％ (63/406) and 27.3％ (99/362,P ＜0.001).Moreover,in thepatients with PSA ＜ 10 ng/ml,the prostate cancer detection rates were 29.8％ (74/248) and 36.2％ (81/224,P =0.144) respectively,while the detection rates of cancer with Gleason score ≥7 were 19.4％ (48/248) and 29.9％ (67/224,P =0.008) respectively.Conclusions There was no significant difference in the total prostate cancer detection rates between 12-core TTPB group and 20-core FTPB group in the patients with PSA ＜ 20 ng/ml,but for the detection rate of cancer with Gleason score ≥ 7,TTPB group was significantly higher than FTPB group,especially in the patients with PSA ＜ 10 ng/ml.In addition,for anterior zone prostate cancer,the detection rate of TrPB group was also higher than FTPB group.