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Nutrient deficiency is a limiting factor in saline-sodic soils resulting in low crop production. The study investigated wheat response to P and K added to soils. The K was applied at 0 (K0), 75 (K1), 150 (K2) kg K2O ha-1 as K2S04 and at (0 (P0), 60 (P1), 120 (P2) kg P2O5 ha-1 as (NH4)2HPO4 in three replications under two-factorial randomized complete block (RCB) design. Both treatments significantly enhanced wheat grain (118%) and dry matter yield (60%) at P2K2 compared to control. The P treatments significantly affected leaf P, Mg, SO4, Ca:P, SO4:P ratios and soil P, Ca:P, Cl:P and SO4:P ratios, while K on leaf K, Na, Ca, SO4 concentration, K:Na, K:Ca, SO4:P,Ca:P ratios and soil pH, Na, K, Ca, SO4 concentrations, SAR, Na:K, Ca:K and Na:Ca ratios. Leaf Na was decreased to 85.3 mmol (+) kg-1 at K2 compared to 105.3 mmol (+) kg-1at P2K0. Negative correlation (R2=0.906) of leaf K:Na was found with leaf Na concentration. The correlation of dry matter was higher (R2=0.851) with leaf K:Na ratio than grain yield (R2=0.392). It is concluded that the addition of K and P addition shows beneficial effects in improving crop nutrition and wheat yield in the saline-sodic soil environment.
A deficiência de nutrientes é um fator limitante em solos salino-sódicos, resultando em baixa produção agrícola. O estudo investigou a resposta do trigo ao P e K adicionados ao solo. O K foi aplicado em 0 (K0), 75 (K1), 150 (K2) kg K2O ha-1 como K2S04 e em (0 (P0), 60 (P1), 120 (P2) kg P2O5 ha-1 como (NH4)2HPO4 em três repetições sob delineamento de blocos completos casualizados (RCB) de dois fatores. Ambos os tratamentos aumentaram significativamente o rendimento de grãos de trigo (118%) e de matéria seca (60%) em P2K2 em comparação com o controle. Os tratamentos com P afetaram significativamente o P foliar, Mg, SO4, as razões Ca:P, SO4:P e o P do solo, e as razões Ca:P, Cl:P e SO4:P, enquanto K no K foliar, Na, Ca, concentração de SO4, razões K:Na, K:Ca, SO4:P, Ca:P e pH do solo, Na, K, Ca, concentrações de SO4, SAR, razões Na:K, Ca:K e Na:Ca. O Na da folha foi reduzido para 85,3 mmol (+) kg-1 em K2 em comparação com 105,3 mmol (+) kg-1 em P2K0. Correlação negativa (R2 = 0,906) do K:Na na folha foi encontrada com a concentração de Na na folha. A correlação da matéria seca foi maior (R2 = 0,851) com a relação K:Na da folha do que rendimento de grãos (R2 = 0,392). Conclui-se que a adição de K e P apresenta efeitos benéficos na melhoria da nutrição da cultura e na produtividade do trigo em solo salino-sódico
Subject(s)
Phosphorus , Potassium , Triticum , Soil Acidity , Arid ZoneABSTRACT
Introduction: There has been a vigorous change in the healthcare sector with increased patient expectations, technological advancements, and growing competition in the healthcare market. Therefore hospitals have to shift from traditional management approach to more diverse aspects like TQM practices and effective quality management system to augment the performance level. Relationship between TQM practices and performance is multipronged and widely discussed in the literature. Aim: Main purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of TQM practices on nonfinancial performance elements of performance in different quality management system settings. Methods: This study used an empirical approach to identify and explain the TQM practices and non-financial performance relationship. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 5 hospitals from different regions with either Joint Commissioned International (JCI) or ISO 9001 based quality management system. Data were collected from 150 hospital managers between October 2018 and February 2019. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS 20 version. Results: Finding of the study support that TQM practices have a statistically significant and positive relationship with non-financial performance (p<0.05). Result of multiple linear regression analysis shows that TQM practices are a strong predictor of non-financial performance (Beta=0.793, t=15.837, R2=0.629, and p=0.000) and explain 63% variation in the model. TQM practices demonstrate higher overall and individual mean values for JCI accredited hospitals. T-test shows that there is a significant difference (p<0.05) in TQM practices between JCI and ISO-based quality management system. Conclusion: It can be inferred from this study that TQM practices have a leading role in the improvement of the non-financial performance of hospitals. Hospital managers at a different level can achieve improved results with effective implementation of identified TQM practices. TQM practices significantly contribute towards individual dimensions as well as an overall improvement in non-financial performance.
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Background: Eurycoma longifolia (E. longifolia) has gained remarkable recognition due to its promisingefficacy of stimulating bone formation in androgen-deficient osteoporosis. Numerous in vivo studies haveexplored the effects of E. longifolia on osteoporosis; however, the in vitro cellular mechanism was notdiscovered yet.Objectives: The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of E. longifolia on the proliferation,differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts and the translational mechanism of inhibition of osteoclastogenesis using RAW 264.7 cells as an in vitro osteoclastic model.Materials and methods: Having assessed cytotoxicity, the cell viability, cell proliferation rate and osteoclastic differentiation capacity of E. longifolia was investigated by evaluating the tartrate-resistant acidphosphatase (TRAP) activity in receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) ligand (RANKL)-inducedosteoclasts. Taken together, the time-mannered expression of osteoclast-related protein biomarkers suchas matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), cathepsin-K, TRAP, nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic1 (NFATc1), superoxide (free radicals) generation and superoxide dismutase activity were also measuredto comprehend the mechanism of osteoclastogenesis.Results: E. longifolia did not show significant effects on cytotoxicity and cell proliferation of RAW 264.7cells; however, a significant inhibition of cells differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts was observed.Moreover, a significant down-regulation of RANKL-induced TRAP activity and expression of MMP-9,cathepsin-K, TRAP, NFATc1 and generation of superoxide and enhanced superoxide dismutase activitywas observed in E. longifolia treated cell cultures.Conclusion: We anticipated that E. longifolia that enhances bone regeneration on the one hand andsuppresses osteoclast’s maturation on the other hand may have great therapeutic value in treatingosteoporosis and other bone-erosive diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and metastasis associatedwith bone loss.© 2017 Transdisciplinary University, Bangalore and World Ayurveda Foundation. Publishing Services byElsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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Medicinal plants of Moraceae family have been well-recognized traditionally due to their versatile applications in various fields including agriculture,cosmetic and food as well as in pharmaceutical industries. Their biomedical and medicinal importance is reflected from their broad range of pharmacological activities for treatment of various inflammatory conditions,cancer,infectious diseases,and gastrointestinal disorders.The present review was aimed to summarize and critically discuss the biomedical implications of Morus species,their bioactive compounds,and phytochemicals.Bioactivity guided fractionation of these medicinal plants revealed that different types of bioactive phytochemicals and secondary metabolites such as steroids, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides and phenolic compounds including terpenoids,flavonoids,anthocyanins and tannins were present.The critical analysis of the literature revealed that the aqueous,methanolic,and ethanolic ex-tracts of Morus species and their bioactive compounds exhibit remarkable anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic, anti-stress, nephroprotective, antimicrobial, anti-mutagenic, anticancer, anxiolytic, hepatoprotective, anthelmintic, antimicrobial, immune-modulatory and cholesterol lowering effects.Based on the literature review and bioactivity guided inves-tigation of Morus species and their phytomedicinal effects,we anticipate that these herbal products hold excellent potential for future research.