Associations between smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects in medical school students / 영남의대학술지

BACKGROUND: Smartphone addiction, academic stress and anxiety of university students are increasing gradually; however, few studies have investigated these factors in medical school students. Therefore, this study investigated associations between smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects in medical school students. METHODS: A total of 231 Yeungnam University College of Medicine students were enrolled in this study in March 2017. Gender, school grade, type of residence, and smartphone usage patterns of the students were surveyed. The Korean Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale and each Korean version scale were used to assess sociopsychological aspects such as loneliness, stress and anxiety. RESULTS: There was a direct statistical correlation between loneliness, stress of negative perception, anxiety and smartphone addiction scales. There was also a negative statistical correlation between stress of positive perception and smartphone addiction scales. There was a higher level of anxiety among female students than male students. Additionally, there was a higher level of stress associated with negative perception and anxiety among medical students in the first grade than other students. Moreover there was a higher level of loneliness, stress of negative perception and anxiety among students who live with friends than students who live with their own family. CONCLUSION: Smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects significantly correlated. Moreover, the results suggest that female medical students in the first grade who have been separated from their family need more attention and management of loneliness, stress and anxiety to avoid smartphone addiction.

Associations between smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects in medical school students / 영남의대학술지

BACKGROUND: Smartphone addiction, academic stress and anxiety of university students are increasing gradually; however, few studies have investigated these factors in medical school students. Therefore, this study investigated associations between smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects in medical school students.METHODS: A total of 231 Yeungnam University College of Medicine students were enrolled in this study in March 2017. Gender, school grade, type of residence, and smartphone usage patterns of the students were surveyed. The Korean Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale and each Korean version scale were used to assess sociopsychological aspects such as loneliness, stress and anxiety.RESULTS: There was a direct statistical correlation between loneliness, stress of negative perception, anxiety and smartphone addiction scales. There was also a negative statistical correlation between stress of positive perception and smartphone addiction scales. There was a higher level of anxiety among female students than male students. Additionally, there was a higher level of stress associated with negative perception and anxiety among medical students in the first grade than other students. Moreover there was a higher level of loneliness, stress of negative perception and anxiety among students who live with friends than students who live with their own family.CONCLUSION: Smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects significantly correlated. Moreover, the results suggest that female medical students in the first grade who have been separated from their family need more attention and management of loneliness, stress and anxiety to avoid smartphone addiction.

Typological Study on Attitudes of Alternative Therapy Among Cancer Patients / 간호학회지

The purpose of this study is to identify and classify the different types of cancer patients who use alternative therapies, to understand their subjective frameworks in using such alternative therapies. The results of this study provided the subjective information on five types of attitudes towards alternative therapies and described characteristics of five types from 30 cancer patients. The "Dependent to Others" (the first type) decided to use alternative therapy because they were influenced by the experiences of others and invocations of the family (especially spouse) or close relatives. In general, they did not believe that it will cure the diseases but generally thought it was not harmful and it may be better than doing nothing. There were a group of patients who chose to use alternative therapy with vague hope and belief. These patients decided to try alternative methods with their own convictions and confidences because they have personally seen or heard about some people who had been cured miraculously. This group of patients was grouped as "Belief in Effects (second type)." Although, there is a very little chance for miracles, "Expecting for Effects (third type)" believed alternative therapy will strengthen immune systems, help with feces and urine, change physical constitutions, slow down the progression of cancerous cell, have no side-effects, and expects to have practical effects and uses. The fourth group of patients thought foods in alternative therapies were same as general foods, therefore, it was easy to take, did not expect miracles to happen but considered the alternative therapy as supplementary treatments. This "Supplementary for Effects (fourth type)" patients thought it was their duty to do everything possible. The last type was "Expecting for Miraculous Effects (fifth type)." The patients in this group were devastated and thought of alternative treatments as the last hope for miracles. They thought it would relieve their physical pains, reduce the chance of side effects from chemical treatments, help them for comfortable and painless death, and considered it as the last possible option with expecting for miracles. The result of this study has implications to provide practical and concrete guidelines for caring and nursing cancer patients using alternative therapies. It will be used as a tool to work on independent for nursing intervention. Furthermore, the result of study will provide practical guidelines to help develop better tools and nursing intervention strategies to nurse cancer patients.

A Study on Stress, Anxiety, and Depression of Pre-operational patients / 성인간호학회지

The purpose of this descriptive correlational study was to understand and find the relationships among the degree of the stress, anxiety, and depression of pre-operational patients, and to describe strategies for pre-operational patient care through exact assessment. The Stress Inventory which was made by researcher, Spielberger's(1972) State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Beck's(1967) Depression Inventory were used as research instruments. Subjects were seventy-five patients who hospitalized in general hospital located in Seoul and Inchun. Data was collected from April 12th to April 24th 1998 using questionnaire. Data analysis consisted of Pearson correlation coefficiency, Multiple regression analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA using SPSS PC+ program. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The average score for the stress was 73.87, for the state-anxiety was 57.05, for the trait-anxiety was 57.59, and for the depression was 37.41. The degree of stress, anxiety and depression were above moderate level. 2. The degree of pre-operational stress and anxiety(r=.692, p=.000), stress and depression (r=.644, p=.000), anxiety and depression (r=.647, p=.000) had significant relationships in statistically. 3. Pre-operational stress was significantly explained by anxiety and depression. 4. The relationships among general characteristics and stress, anxiety, and depression were significantly defferent in education and experience of operation. In conclusion, pre-operational stress, anxiety and depression had high relationships with each other. Because significant differences exist in degree of patients' pre-operational stress, anxiety, and depression on education and experience of operation, these characteristics are needed to be applicated in nursing intervention on pre-operational care. The importance of this study is that the stress inventory predict pre-operative anxiety and depression of patients, so it is valid instrument for mesuring pre-operational stress. I suggest that the necessity of studies involving physical, environmental, spiritual aspect, etc. include emotion aspect in mesuring the degree of stress. Because the effect of pre-medication was not controled in research design, I suggest that repeated studies are needed include the pre-medication, furthermore the studies which combine the self-report method and the physiological maker of mesuring the degree of stress are necessary for the future study.

A Study on the Death Orientation of Hospice Care Members / 성인간호학회지

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data useful to the training of hospice care members. For this study carried out to investigate the degree of death orientation of hospice care members. The subjects of study were 22 nurses, 85 clergies, 59 volunteers who registered on Hospice Education Programs. The data were analysed by descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test and Person's correlation coefficient. The results of the study can be summarized as follows; 1. The degree of death orientation were 85.95 in nurses group, 73.05 in clergies group, and 88.49 in volunteers group. So, clergies group has more positive death orientation than others. 2. The degree of death orientation showed significant differences between age group(F=4.62, p=.004), education program group(F=27.25, p=.000), and religiosity(t=3.77, p=.000). There were no significant differences between the degree of death orientation and the others general characteristics of hospice care members. In conclusion, the urgent need for educational preparation of death orientation and spiritual care of hospice care team, especially volunteers group and nurses group is emphasized. Furthermore, all of the hospice care members those who complete the hospice education program, should be performed efficient hospice care intervention for dying patients and their families.