Collaborative Disaster Governance Recognized by Nurses during a Pandemic

Purpose@#We aimed to identify collaborative disaster governance through the demand and supply analysis of resources recognized by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. @*Methods@#We used a descriptive study design with an online survey technique for data collection. The survey questions were developed based on focus group interviews with nurses responding to COVID-19 and expert validity testing. A 42-question online survey focusing on disaster governance was sent to nurses working in COVID-19 designated hospitals, public health offices, and schools. A total of 630 nurses participated in the survey. Demand and supply analysis was used to identify the specific components of disaster governance during a pandemic situation and analyze priority areas in disaster governance, as reported by nurses. @*Results@#Demand and supply analysis showed that supplies procurement, cooperation, education, and environment factors clustered in the high demand and supply quadrant while labor condition, advocacy, emotional support, and workload adjustment factors clustered in the high demand but low supply quadrant, indicating a strong need in those areas of disaster governance among nurses. The nurses practicing at the public health offices and schools showed major components of disaster governance plotted in the second quadrant, indicating weak collaborative disaster governance. @*Conclusion@#These findings show that there is an unbalanced distribution among nurses, resulting in major challenges in collaborative disaster governance during COVID-19. In the future and current pandemic, collaborative disaster governance, through improved distribution, will be useful for helping nurses to access more required resources and achieve effective pandemic response.

Core educational components of interprofessional education in pediatric emergencies: An integrated review

Purpose@#This study was conducted to explore the core educational components of interprofessional education (IPE) for pediatric emergencies to establish a basis for interprofessional simulation education. @*Methods@#Using Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review method, we searched for studies in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and four South Korean databases (RISS, NDSL, DBpia, and KISS). @*Results@#We identified 21 studies on the general characteristics of IPE in pediatric emergency situations and integrated the core components of IPE according to a PRISMA flowchart. Three core components were identified (individual - competent professionals, team - cooperative professions, and outcome - optimal achievement), with the subthemes of role and responsibility, clinical judgment, performance, leadership, communication, teamwork, patient safety, and quality improvement. @*Conclusion@#We recommend that IPE pediatric emergencies should contain the three dimensions of these core components to enhance individual and team performance and to promote optimal achievement in terms of patient outcomes. IPE programs should consider these characteristics and include a valid tool for evaluating the programs' effectiveness.

The Parenting Experiences of Mothers of Children with Brain Lesions and are at Risk of Aspiration / 재활간호학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to explore the parenting experiencesthat mothers of children with brain lesions with problems swallowing had. @*Methods@#Data was collected through in-depth interviews with 5 mothers who have children with this disability who have a high risk of aspiration at mealtime. The key question in this study was “What is the nature of the burden that mothers of children with brain lesions who are at risk of aspiration experienced?”. The phenomenological analysis was applied. @*Results@#Qualitative data were categorized into 18 themes, 6 theme clusters and 3 categories. These are the categories that were extracted: ‘Enduring the reality in which is difficult to accept’, ‘Whirlwind of emotions felt in the family’, ‘Wishes that cries out in the fog’. @*Conclusion@#It is necessary to develop a support program for mothers who take care of children with disabilities. Rehabilitation nursing plans should be established so that mothers of children with disabilities who are at risk of aspiration can strengthen their energy on their own.

Standardized rice bran extract improves hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells and ovariectomized rats

RESULTS@#RBS supplementation improved serum triglyceride and free fatty acid levels in OVX rats. Histological analysis showed that RBS significantly attenuated hepatic fat accumulation and decreased hepatic lipid, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Additionally, RBS suppressed the estrogen deficiency-induced upregulation of lipogenic genes, such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1, fatty acid synthase, glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1. @*CONCLUSIONS@#RBS and γ-oryzanol effectively reduced lipid accumulation in a HepG2 cell hepatic steatosis model. RBS improves OVX-induced hepatic steatosis by regulating the SREBP1-mediated activation of lipogenic genes, suggesting the benefits of RBS in preventing fatty liver in postmenopausal women.

A Preliminary Study of Computerized Cognitive Ability Enhancement Program Using Smart-Toy for Children

OBJECTIVES: This study was to examine the effectiveness of computerized cognitive ability enhancement program (CCAEP) using Smart-toy. The CCAEP using Smart-toy which can interact with children via bluetooth is a kids-friendly and convenient method for improving children's cognitive abilities by increasing their motivation for performing the program. We developed the CCAEP which designed to train auditory-verbal memory, visual-spatial memory, auditory-verbal working memory, and visual-spatial working memory. METHODS: Eighteen children aged 8 to 10 participated in CCAEP individual training composed of 8 sessions of 40 minutes each for 4 weeks. The effect of the training was measured with Smart Toyweb's cognitive assessment tasks (smart device based assessment) as well as traditional neuropsychological tests before and after the training. RESULTS: Children showed significant improvement in auditory-verbal memory, visual-spatial memory, auditory-verbal working memory and visual-spatial working memory abilities after the training. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated promising results suggesting the effectiveness of CCAEP using Smart-Toy in clinical settings as well as school and home situations. Further controlled study with larger sample size including various clinical groups is needed to confirm the present results.

Generation and characterization of integration-free induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with autoimmune disease

Autoimmune diseases (AIDs), a heterogeneous group of immune-mediated disorders, are a major and growing health problem. Although AIDs are currently treated primarily with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, the use of stem cell transplantation in patients with AIDs is becoming increasingly common. However, stem cell transplantation therapy has limitations, including a shortage of available stem cells and immune rejection of cells from nonautologous sources. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, which allows the generation of patient-specific pluripotent stem cells, could offer an alternative source for clinical applications of stem cell therapies in AID patients. We used nonintegrating oriP/EBNA-1-based episomal vectors to reprogram dermal fibroblasts from patients with AIDs such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The pluripotency and multilineage differentiation capacity of each patient-specific iPSC line was validated. The safety of these iPSCs for use in stem cell transplantation is indicated by the fact that all AID-specific iPSCs are integrated transgene free. Finally, all AID-specific iPSCs derived in this study could be differentiated into cells of hematopoietic and mesenchymal lineages in vitro as shown by flow cytometric analysis and induction of terminal differentiation potential. Our results demonstrate the successful generation of integration-free iPSCs from patients with AS, SS and SLE. These findings support the possibility of using iPSC technology in autologous and allogeneic cell replacement therapy for various AIDs, including AS, SS and SLE.