Macro-shear bond strength and micro-shear bond strength of ceromer bonded to metal alloy and fiber reinforced composite / 대한치과보철학회지

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: According to the fracture pattern in several reports, fractures most frequently occur in the interface between the ceromer and the substructure. PURPOSE: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the macro shear bond strength and microshear bond strength of a ceromer bonded to a fiber reinforced composite (FRC) as well as metal alloys. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten of the following substructures, type II gold alloy, Co-Cr alloy, Ni-Cr alloy, and FRC (Vectris) substructures with a 12 mm in diameter, were imbedded in acrylic resin and ground with 400, and 1, 000-grit sandpaper. The metal primer and wetting agent were applied to the sandblasted bonding area of the metal specimens and the FRC specimens, respectively. The ceromer was placed onto a 6 mm diameter and 3 mm height mold in the macro-shear test and 1 mm diameter and 2 mm height mold in the micro-shear test, and then polymerized. The macro- and micro-shear bond strength were measured using a universal testing machine and a micro-shear tester, respectively. The macro- and micro-shear strength were analyzed with ANOVA and a post-hoc Scheffe adjustment (alpha= .05). The fracture surfaces of the crowns were then examined by scanning electron microscopy to determine the mode of failure. Chi-square test was used to identify the differences in the failure mode. RESULTS: The macro-shear strength and the micro-shear strength differed significantly with the types of substructure (P< .001). Although the ceromer/FRC group showed the highest macro and micro-shear strength, the micro-shear strength was not significantly different from that of the base metal alloy groups. The base metal alloy substructure groups showed the lowest mean macro-shear strength. However, the gold alloy substructure group exhibited the least micro-shear strength. The micro-shear strength was higher than the macro-shear strength excluding the gold alloy substructure group. Adhesive failure was most frequent type of fracture in the ceromer specimens bonded to the gold alloys. Cohesive failure at the ceromer layer was more common in the base metals and FRC substructures. CONCLUSION: The Vectris substructure had higher shear strength than the other substructures. Although the shear strength of the ceromer bonded to the base metals was lower than that of the gold alloy, the micro-shear strength of the base metals were superior to that of the gold alloy.

A Case of Kaposi's Sarcoma Occurring in Membranous Glomerulonephritis / 대한피부과학회지

Kaposi's sarcoma is a neoplasm of multifocal origin which manifests primarily as vascular nodules in the skin and other organs. Kaposi's sarcoma in iatrogenically immunocompromised patients is the result of immunosuppressive therapy in organ-transplant recipients, autoimmune disease patients and cytotoxic chemotherapy in cancer patients. We report a case of Kaposi's sarcoma in a 50-year-old man who developed well-defined purple-colored papules and plaques on both hands and feet after prednisolone treatment for underlying membranous glomerulonephritis. The histologic finding showed abnormally proliferated and dilated vessels, vascular slits, spindle-shaped cells and extravasated erythrocytes in the dermis. He was treated with cryotherapy, and the dosage of prednisolone was reduced. Improvement was seen in 6 weeks

Pigmented Contact Dermatitis Due to After Shave Lotion / 대한피부과학회지

Pigmented contact dermatitis is characterized by a dark brown pigmentation that results from repeated exposure to small amounts of contact allergen. Histopathologic findings are liquefactive degeneration of the basal layer cells and melanophages in the upper dermis. We report a case of a 73-year-old man with dark brownish mottled hyperpigmented patches on the both cheeks and forehead. Patch tests were positive to isoeugenol, benzyl salicylate and after shave lotion. After shave lotion that the patient used maybe contain these fragrances. Improvement was seen 3 months after ceasing the use of after shave lotion.

Quantitative Analysis on the Scalp Hair Characteristics in Koreans using Phototrichogram / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Although the diagnosis of hair disease depends on the comparison of normal and abnormal findings, data on normal hair characteristics in Koreans have not been reported. We have developed some technical improvements on phototrichogram methodology to assess hair characteristics. OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to quantify Koreans' hair characteristics at each site(eg. vertex, occipital, temporal) of the scalp according to the age and sex using the phototrichogram and to compare the differences of hair characteristics between Caucasian and Korean population. METHODS: Hairs in the precisely defined circle at each(vertex, temporal, occipital) area of the scalp in 42 healthy volunteers(16 men and 26 women) were evaluated according to sex and age groups, respectively. Each circumscribed area of the scalp, centered with a dot tattoo to ensure reproducibility, were first shaved: The shaven area was first photographed just after shaving. Two days later, grouping pattern of grouped hair unit, total and anagen hair counts were determined from low magnification image. The linear hair growth rate(micrometer/day) and hair shaft diameter were obtained from high magnification image. RESULTS: The results can be summarized as follows: 1. The range of hair density was 119+/-13/cm2~137+/-12/cm2 in male and 92+/-24/cm2~139+/-23/cm2 in female. Hair density of the occiput was significantly higher than that of temple. 2. The range of linear hair growth rate was 300+/-19micrometer/day~319+/-27micrometer/day in males and 289+/-17micrometer/day~327+/-54micrometer/day in females. Hair growth rate in each group decreased in order of vertex, occiput and temple. Most of the hairs on the vertex in older males have slower growth rate than in other groups. 3. The range of hair thickness was 70+/-6micrometer~89+/-10micrometer in males and 75+/-7micrometer~87+/-6micrometer in females. Hairs of the vertex in the older male group(age>or=45 year-old) were thinner than those of the occiput. The population of thin hair(<40micrometer) on the vertex in older males was 7.6% larger than that of other sites. 4. The range of anagen ratio was 91.0% ~ 93.7% in males and 91.9%~94.1% in females. CONCLUSIONS: Lower hair density, larger hair diameter and slower hair growth rate were remarkable in Koreans than in Caucasian. In addition, considering the hair characteristics of Koreans, the newer, improved method of phototrichogram will be a promising tool in the study of the hair disease including androgenetic alopecia, and in the quantitative analysis of the effects of agents stimulating hair growth.

A Case of Churg-Strauss Syndrome With Acute Glomerulonephritis / 대한피부과학회지

Churg-Strauss syndrome is a rare systemic vasculitis diagnosed by the presence of any four or more of six criteria which include asthma, eosinophilia>10%, mono- or poly-neuropathy, nonfixed pulmonary infiltrate, paranasal sinus abnormality, extravascular eosinophils. In a 65 year-old-woman, multiple purpura and crusted ulcer with central necrosis were developed on the both extremities and buttocks 1 month ago. She has been suffered from asthma, sinusitis and recurrent pneumonia since ten years ago Laboratory findings showed hematuria, hypereosinophilia and hyperIgE. On the histological examination of ulcerative nodule on the right leg, leukocytoclastic vasculitis and many neutrophils and eosinophils around the cutaneous vessels were seen and the other findings were fibrinoid necrosis and thickening of vessels wall without eosinophilic granulomatous changes. Renal biopsy showed focal segmental glomerulonephritis and sclerosing nephritis. We report a rare case of Churg-Strauss syndrome with acute glomerulonephritis.

A Case of Nodular Pseudosarcomatous Fasciitis / 대한피부과학회지

Nodular pseudosarcomatous fasciitis is characterized as rapidly growing benign tumor with microscopically resembling sarcoma in the upper extremities, especially forearms. Most lesions are located in the subcutaneous tissue, although these may also be found intramuscularly, with the involvement of the adjacent fascia or periosteum and dermis.

Two Cases of Generalized Granuloma Annulare Treated with PUVA / 대한피부과학회지

Granuloma annulare is a benign granulomatous disease which has an unknown etiology and it is represented by typical annular lesions. Recently various therapeutic modalities have been suggested such as intralesional injections of steroid, chloroquine, dapsone, surgical excision and so on. But any satisfactory result has not been reported yet. In the first case, a 65 year-old-man, Polycyclic, erythematous patches with raised edges were noted on the upper arm spreading to the trunk and both lower extremities for the past 3 years. In the second case, a 63-year-old man, numerous match-head sized skin-colored papules were detected on the sun exposed area such as both shoulders, upper extremities and hands dorsum for the past 3 months. On the histological examination of back, hands dorsum respectively, incomplete degeneration of collagen bundles surrounded by lymphocytes, histiocytes in a palisade pattern and a few giant cells were found in the dermis. Two patients were treated with systemic PUVA, one for 2 months and the other, 4 months.

Two Cases of Generalized Granuloma Annulare Treated with PUVA / 대한피부과학회지

Granuloma annulare is a benign granulomatous disease which has an unknown etiology and it is represented by typical annular lesions. Recently various therapeutic modalities have been suggested such as intralesional injections of steroid, chloroquine, dapsone, surgical excision and so on. But any satisfactory result has not been reported yet. In the first case, a 65 year-old-man, Polycyclic, erythematous patches with raised edges were noted on the upper arm spreading to the trunk and both lower extremities for the past 3 years. In the second case, a 63-year-old man, numerous match-head sized skin-colored papules were detected on the sun exposed area such as both shoulders, upper extremities and hands dorsum for the past 3 months. On the histological examination of back, hands dorsum respectively, incomplete degeneration of collagen bundles surrounded by lymphocytes, histiocytes in a palisade pattern and a few giant cells were found in the dermis. Two patients were treated with systemic PUVA, one for 2 months and the other, 4 months.