ABSTRACT
Isolated diaphragmatic paralysis is a rare affection in newborn. It is often associated to a brachial paralysis due to obstetrical factors. The authors report two cases of right diaphragmatic paralysis revealed by a respiratory distress developed immediately at birth in two male newborns, a premature of 34 weeks of gestation and a full-term infant, born after breech delivery and perinatal suffering. The chest radiography and the radioscopy confirmed the diagnosis of right diaphragmatic paralysis. It was isolated in the premature and associated to a facial paralysis and bilateral brachial paralysis in the full-term newborn. The evolution of the respiratory distress was favourable after a non invasive ventilation of some days in the both cases. Besides, the full-term infant kept a severe neurological distress and dies at 36 days of age by a nosocomial infection. At 16 months of age, the premature did not present respiratory abnormalities but keeps another ascent of the dome right hemidiaphragm. The prevention of this affection is very important by eutocic progress of the delivery