Nutrient intake patterns and breast cancer risk among Jordanian women: a case-control study / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer worldwide. Globally, BC is rapidly becoming a major common health problem among women. This study aimed to evaluate the association between nutrient intake patterns and BC risk among Jordanian women.METHODS: A total of 400 Jordanian women 20-65 years of age were recruited in this case-control study. Two hundred women recently diagnosed with BC were matched in age, income, and marital status to 200 BC-free women. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess nutrient intake patterns.RESULTS: In this study, 3 nutrient intake patterns were identified: a high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient intake pattern; a high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient intake pattern; and a high-fat nutrient intake pattern. A significant increase in BC risk was associated with the high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient pattern (the highest for the fourth quartile; odds ratio [OR], 5.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.11 to 13.91; p(trend)=0.001). In the high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient pattern, a significant inverse trend was detected for the risk of BC. The high-fat nutrient pattern showed a significant direct association with BC risk in the third (OR, 3.88; 95% CI, 1.58 to 9.51) and fourth (OR, 3.87; 95% CI, 1.53 to 9.77) quartiles (p(trend)=0.001).CONCLUSIONS: A significant increase in BC risk was detected for the high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient intake pattern and the high-fat nutrient intake pattern. However, for the high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient intake pattern, a significant inverse trend was observed.

Nutrient intake patterns and breast cancer risk among Jordanian women: a case-control study / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer worldwide. Globally, BC is rapidly becoming a major common health problem among women. This study aimed to evaluate the association between nutrient intake patterns and BC risk among Jordanian women. METHODS: A total of 400 Jordanian women 20-65 years of age were recruited in this case-control study. Two hundred women recently diagnosed with BC were matched in age, income, and marital status to 200 BC-free women. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess nutrient intake patterns. RESULTS: In this study, 3 nutrient intake patterns were identified: a high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient intake pattern; a high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient intake pattern; and a high-fat nutrient intake pattern. A significant increase in BC risk was associated with the high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient pattern (the highest for the fourth quartile; odds ratio [OR], 5.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.11 to 13.91; p(trend)=0.001). In the high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient pattern, a significant inverse trend was detected for the risk of BC. The high-fat nutrient pattern showed a significant direct association with BC risk in the third (OR, 3.88; 95% CI, 1.58 to 9.51) and fourth (OR, 3.87; 95% CI, 1.53 to 9.77) quartiles (p(trend)=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A significant increase in BC risk was detected for the high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient intake pattern and the high-fat nutrient intake pattern. However, for the high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient intake pattern, a significant inverse trend was observed.

Nutrient intake patterns and breast cancer risk among Jordanian women: a case-control study / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES@#Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer worldwide. Globally, BC is rapidly becoming a major common health problem among women. This study aimed to evaluate the association between nutrient intake patterns and BC risk among Jordanian women.@*METHODS@#A total of 400 Jordanian women 20-65 years of age were recruited in this case-control study. Two hundred women recently diagnosed with BC were matched in age, income, and marital status to 200 BC-free women. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess nutrient intake patterns.@*RESULTS@#In this study, 3 nutrient intake patterns were identified: a high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient intake pattern; a high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient intake pattern; and a high-fat nutrient intake pattern. A significant increase in BC risk was associated with the high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient pattern (the highest for the fourth quartile; odds ratio [OR], 5.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.11 to 13.91; p(trend)=0.001). In the high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient pattern, a significant inverse trend was detected for the risk of BC. The high-fat nutrient pattern showed a significant direct association with BC risk in the third (OR, 3.88; 95% CI, 1.58 to 9.51) and fourth (OR, 3.87; 95% CI, 1.53 to 9.77) quartiles (p(trend)=0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#A significant increase in BC risk was detected for the high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient intake pattern and the high-fat nutrient intake pattern. However, for the high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient intake pattern, a significant inverse trend was observed.

call for spreading awareness among parents and gynecologists on the danger of genital herpes on neonates -department of medicine and dermatology-king abdulaziz hospital and oncology center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Background: genital Herpes infection is caused by HSV 1 and HSV2 Virus. It causes distressing symptoms in a significant number of adolescents and adults with over 40 million people sufferers from recurrent HSV genital ulcer disease causes significant disease globally and it is potentially fatal when transmitted to neonates and most maternal infections with risk of transmission are asymptomatic

Aim of the Study: highlighting the crucial rule of parents? education and awareness on the prevention and management of HSV in neonates [NHSV]

Patients and methods: 112 females and 34 males HSV2 seropositive patients were assigned to fill a questionnaire on their awareness about HSV2 infection and symptoms and its effect on potential neonates. In parallel, there was a questionnaire for the assigned gynecologists to assess the counseling process of the mothers about the history of previous infection. Data was compared to the patients? medical chart and past delivery of defected and treated neonates

Results: Patients whom were aware with the dangerous effect of the infection of virus had no mortality in their neonatal and had the good treatment for them

Conclusion: Couple educational and Awareness campaigns on genital Herpes infection have become a compelling need in order to avoid neonates mortality and help in designing preventive measures for neonates morbidity

Purification and characterization of xanthine oxidase from liver of the water buffalo Bubalus bubalis.

Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an important enzyme with broad medical applications as detecting reagent in many diagnostic kits. In this study, buffalo liver xanthine oxidase (BLXO) was purified to homogeneity by acetone precipitation and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and Sephacryl S-300 columns with a specific activity of 7.2 units / mg protein which represent 31.3 folds. The native molecular weight of the purified enzyme is 200 kDa and its subunit molecular weight was determined by SDS-PAGE to be 67 kDa. The isoelectric point (pI) value of BLXO isoenzyme is at pH 6.0 – 6.2. It displayed its pH optima at 7.6 and the Km value is 1.1 mM xanthine. FeCl2 increased the activity of BLXO while CuCl2, MnCl2 and ZnCl2 were found to be inhibitors of the purified enzyme. Allopurinol inhibits BLXO competitively and has one binding site on it with Ki value of 0.025mM. Abbreviations: BSA, Bovine serum albumin, XO, Xanthine oxidase, NBT, Nitroblue tetrazolium, PAGE, Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, PMS, Phenazine methosulphate, BLXO, Buffalo liver xanthine oxidase

Nosocomial acinetobacter infection in Assiut University Hospital

This study aimed to isolation of Acinetobacter spp, detect resistance patterns of isolated strains, phenotypic and genotypic detection of Metallo-beta-lactamase and typing of isolated strains from clinical and environmental respectively. this study includes 440 different clinical specimens, 672 environmental samples, inoculated on different culture media, confirmation of isolates by API20NE, PCR to detect 16SrRNA-23SrRNA gene, determine susceptibility pattern of isolates to different antibiotics and phenotypic and Genotypic detection of bla -OXA 51-like gene. 24 strains of Acinetobacter [5.45%] were isolated from 440 clinical samples, 27 strains of Acinetobacter were isolated from 672 environmental samples [4.017%]. Tetracycline was the most active drug against multi-drug resistant A.baumannii. [48/51 or 94%] of Acinetobacter isolates showed increase in zone of inhibition around IPM/EDTA disc compared with IPM disc alone. [49/51 or 96%] of Acinetobacter isolates were detected by presence of 16srRNA - 23 srRNA gene [universal gene present in all Acinetobacter species]. [49/51 or 96%] of isolated Acinetobacter spp showed band with blaOXA-51-like" genes. [37/51 or 72.5%] Acinetobacter isolates showed positive bands for class I integrase gene [gene responsible for multi drug resistance and outbreaks in hospitals]

Glucose level in the bronchial aspirate as a marker of ventilator associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients

Ventilator-associated pneumonia [VAP] is the leading cause of death amongst hospital-acquired infections. Despite this, the diagnosis of VAP remains challenging and there is a lack of diagnostic standardization. In humans, glucose concentrations are normally low in nasal and bronchial fluid, but are elevated by inflammation or hyperglycaemia. Exhaled breath condensate glucose was reported to be a potential marker of both infection and outcome in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome [ARDS]. To study the signifcance of detecting glucose in bronchial aspirate in mechaniclly ventilated patients under tight glycemic control and using it as a follow up parameter in patients with VAP versus patients with community acquired pneumonia [CAP]. Also the present work aimed to describe the pattern of changes of C - reactive protein [CRP] in patients with VAP versus those with CAP. Forty patients were enrolled into the present study and were divided into 3 groups: Group I: Thirty critically ill patients requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation were followed up from admission and daily till they fulfilled criteria suggesting development of VAP. Group II: Ten patients with community acquired pneumonia [CAP]. Group III: Ten healthy volunteers constituting the control group. Patients were assessed using the following scoring systems: 1] Assessing the disease severity using the Acute Physiological And Chronic Health Evaluation scoring system [APACHE II] on the day of admission, 2] Daily assessment of disease severity using the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment [SOFA] score, and 3] the Clinical pulmonary infection score [CPIS]. All patients with CAP were evaluated by Pneumonia severity index [PSI] on admission. CRP was assessed on admission, on day 2 and on day 7. All patients were under tight glycemic control to abolish the effect of hyperglycemia on the bronchial aspirate glucose levels. Glucose measurements were performed simultaneously in the blood and bronchial aspirates. Bronchial aspirates were analyzed for glucose on the day of admission and daily. The present study demonstrated a correlation between the presence of glucose in the bronchial aspirates from mechanically ventilated patients and development of VAP. Glucose in the bronchial aspirates preceded the development of VAP in the first 48 hours of mechanical ventilation and steadily increased thereafter. This was later associated with infiltrates on the chest radiographs, increased levels of CRP, with significant CPIS score. In contrast the glucose level in the sputum from patients with CAP was high on admission then steadily decreased till discharge. There was no correlation between patient's blood glucose and the glucose level in the bronchial aspirate. In the present study CRP values in patients with CAP steadily decreased from admission till the patients were discharged. The mean CRP value in the mechanically ventilated patients at day one was statistically significant less than that in patients with CAP. While at the 7[th] day, the mean CRP value in patients with VAP was higher than that in patients with CAP. The mean CRP level in patients with VAP was higher in nonsurvivors than survivors. In critically ill patients kept under tight glycemic control, early detection of glucose in bronchial aspirates may improve the ability of clinicians to early recognize the onset of VAP. This technique is simple, rapid, and inexpensive and following it daily may serve as a marker for infection or clinical resolution. CRP levels in patients with CAP steadily decrease from time of admission till discharge, whereas in patients with VAP, CRP steadily increases from time of VAP development thereafter thus suggesting a role in following such patients as a prognostic marker

Comparative study between intrathecal fentanyl and meperidine to decrease shivering during surgery and cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia

Shivering associated with spinal and epidural anesthesia is common, occurring in up to 56.7% of patients. Shivering is uncomfortable for the patient and interferes with monitoring of electrocardiogram, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation. Those effects are particularly troublesome in the obstetrical population. The aim of this work is to determine whether meperidine [0.2mg/Kg],added to a bupivacaine, decrease the incidence an intensity of shivering during spinal anesthesia. Sixty patients were enrolled in this study, scheduled for non emergent surgery under spinal anesthesia. Patients were randomly devided into three groups: group I consisted of 20 cases with spinal anesthesia of hyperbaric bupivacaine [0.5%, 12.5 mg, fentanyl 50 ug], group II consisted of 20 cases with spinal anesthesia meperidine was added [0.2mg/kg], group III consisted of 20 cases with spinal anesthesia, with an equivalent volume of normal saline, in CS Apgar score was recorded at 1, 5 and 10 minutes. The Results Indicated that the incidence of shivering was less in meperidine group there was 5 of 20 versus 15 Of 20 in fentanyl group and 19 of 20 in control group, with P value <0.02. There was no difference between groups as regard Apgar score. It was concluded that intrathecal use of meperidine [0.2mg/kg] reduces the incidence and intensity for shivering associated with interathecal anesthesia

MRI of the shoulder joint

The aim of this work was to study the superior level of MRI and MR arthrography for the evaluation of the shoulder joint diseases. Sixty-five patients of different ages, occupations and different complaints and clinical suspicions were included in this study, 42 were subjected to plain MRI and 38 to MR arthrography and 15 were subjected to the two examinations. It was concluded that MRI with or without arthrography was the most available imaging modality for shoulder joint disease

Interleukin-5 production by peripheral blood monocytes from asthmatic patients: effect of alveolar macrophages

This study aimed to assess the role of ALM in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma by studying the effect of ALM derived from bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL] on IL-5 production by peripheral blood monocytes PBMC [including T lymphocytes] in cocultures in patients with bronchial asthma as compared to that in non asthmatic individuals. Nineteen patients with bronchial asthma were enrolled in this study. Ten normal non-smoker subjects were considered as controls. Patients were subjected to broncoalveolar lavage [BAL]. The lavage fluid was cultured in 3 wells; one with peripheral blood monocytes [PBMC], another with PBMC with mitogen stimulation and the third with PBMC with BAL cells and stimulation. Cultures were incubated and the supernatants were assayed for IL-5 by EL1SA. The mean [SD] age for the asthmatic patients was 37.67[9.66] years with a mean [SD] body mass index of 28.3[6.12]. Male constituted 53% [11/19] of the studied asthmatic patients. The levels of 1L-5 in the supernatant of resting PBMN cultures were significantly higher in patients with asthma in all three states [basal state, after PHA stimulation, in cocultures with ALM [mean [SD] = 219.45[68.34] ng/ml, range [100-320 ng/ml], 484.85[115048.01], range [170-670 ng/ml], 1118 [336.59], range [530-1800 ng/ml], respectively. The respective levels in the nonatopic normal subjects was [mean [SD]: 21.20[8.97], 26.8[10.10], 29.30[7.87]]. The differences between the three states in the asthmatic patients were highly significant. The changes between the three states in the non-asthmatic patients were insignificant. IL5 production by PBMN is markedly increased in asthmatic patients versus non-asthmatic subjects, furthermore, IL-5 production was markedly amplified by co-culturing PBMN with autologous ALM derived from BAL in the asthmatics patients. This is in contrast to the finidings in non-asthmatic subjects where IL5 production was not augmented by autologous ALM. The fact that ALM from non-asthmatic subjects functioned poorly as APC may represent a local inhibitory protective mechanism in the airways

Biochemical studies of safsaf F. used in Egyptian folk medicine as antidiabetic drugs

Phytochemical screening of an aqueous extract of Salix Safsaf F. revealed the presence of salicin, salicylaldhyde, tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates and sterols. The hypoglyoemic effect of an aqueous extract of Salix Safsaf F. leaves in normal and alloxan diabetic rabbits was studied. The extract was given orally in a dose equivalent to 5 gm of dry powder/kg once and twice/day for 15 days. Alloxan diabetic rabbits showed significant reduction in serum level of glucose and significant increase in serum insulin and C-peptide after Salix treatment in normal rabbits, insignificant change was observed in the serum level of glucose, insulin and C-peptide after treatment with Salix extract for 15 days. No side effects was observed after the use of Salix extract as proved by studying some liver function tests [SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase], kidney function tests [serum urea and creatinine] and the concentration of hemoglobin in the different groups studied