ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the 10-year risk of coronary artery disease [CAD] in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] using Framingham risk score
Methods:Data for this study was collected from Diabetes Prevention and Awareness Program. Primary prevention team visited different primary health care centers, factories, service organizations and offices within Karachi, Pakistan. IGT was diagnosed according to World Health Organization criteria after taking informed consent. Information regarding social-demography, dietary habits and physical activities were obtained by a designed questionnaire on one-to-one based interview. Framingham risk score [FRS] was used to assess risk of developing CAD
Results:A total of 315 subjects with IGT were recruited for the study. Mean age of subjects was 44.1 +/- 9.8 years and mean BMI was 27.3 +/- 5.0 kg/m[2]. Overall, 31.4% of the participants were at risk of having CAD. Males were 6.4 times and hypertensive subjects were 2.44 times more likely to have CAD in next 10 years
Conclusion:According to the findings of the study, male and hypertensive IGT subjects were more likely to develop CAD in next 10 years. Community based awareness programs are needed to educate people regarding healthy lifestyle in order to reduce the risk of IGT and CAD
ABSTRACT
To determine the association of SNP in FTO gene, rs9939609, with Metabolic Syndrome [MS] in type 2 diabetic subjects at a tertiary care unit of Karachi, Pakistan. We genotyped FTO rs9939609 SNP in 296 patients with type 2 diabetes from the Out Patient Department [OPD] of Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology [BIDE]. MS was defined on the basis of International Diabetes Federation [IDF] and National Cholesterol Education program [NCEP]criterion. Association between the rs9939609 SNP and MS was tested through chi-square and Z-tests by using odds ratio [OR] with 95% confidence intervals. The frequency of MS as defined by IDF criterion was significantly higher in female subjects as compared to male subjects [p= 0.006]. Carriers of ? 1 copy of the rs9939609 A allele were significantly more likely to had MS [69.6%] than non-carriers [30.4%], corresponding to a carrier odds ratio [OR] of 0.52 [95% confidence interval [CI] [0.29-0.93], with a similar trend for the ATP III-defined MS."A" allele carriers under dominant model, carry all the criterion of MS more significantly as compared to non-carriers. The FTO rs9939609 SNP was associated with an increased risk for Metabolic Syndrome in type 2 diabetic populations at a tertiary care unit of Karachi, Pakistan
ABSTRACT
To observe the differences of various biochemical and clinical parameters with respect to Family History [FH] of Non-communicable Diseases [NCDs] in fourth year Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery [MBBS] students. This observational study was conducted at Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology from December 2013 to January 2014. Total 50 medical students from Dow University of Health Sciences [DUHS] participated in the study. Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] version 13 was used to analyze the data. For cross tabulation and mean comparison z-test and t test were applied. Out of 50 subjects, there were 26 [52%] females. Mean age of the study population was 21.56 +/- 0.90 years. Mean serum cholesterol levels with positive FH of NCDs was significantly higher than negative FH of NCDs [p=0.005]. Mean value of low density lipoprotein [LDL] of positive family history of NCDs was found higher than those with negative FH [p=0.006] being statistically significant. The insulin levels in subjects with positive FH of NCDs were higher than subjects with negative FH of NCDs [p=0.685]. However, serum leptin and plasma renin showed no significant difference with the negative FH of NCDs being higher compared to positive FH of NCDs [p=0.068] and [p=0.884] respectively. However, Waist circumference, Body mass index and central obesity in subjects with positive FH of NCDs shows increasing trend but no statistically significant difference [p > 0.05] was observed. In our study of various biochemical and clinical parameters with respect to FH of NCDs, Serum Cholesterol and LDL levels were observed higher and statistically significant