ABSTRACT
Background: In Saudi Arabia, road traffic accidents [RTA] is a burden to health, economy and community because of the increasing number of deaths and disabilities. Many victims of RTA had poor pre-hospital care undertaken by untrained lay people. Provision of first aid to RTA victims has helped in reduction the related morbidity and mortality
Aim: To assess how the car drivers' attitude and practice in case of RTA in Al-Ahsa city, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study between March and May, 2017 among drivers in Al-Ahsa city situated in the eastern part of Saudi Arabia. Using pretested interview-based questionnaires. More than 252 responses have been collected by trained medical students, and 249 responses have been included
Results: All the participants were male. 44.2% were bachelors and 45.4% students. A large number of the participants are non-first aid trained [73.9%]. 70.7% of the participants do not have willingness to provide first aid for road traffic accident victim. The majority [71.1%] have witnessed an RTA sustaining injured individuals and 36.9% have intervened. 67.5% of the responders have been involved in RTA themselves, and 29.3% of them have sustained at least one injury
Conclusion: There is an insufficient experience in dealing with RTA. The knowledge of the drivers about first aid should be sought further and explored. RTA in Saudi Arabia is a major problem that require an action and consideration from both the community and the government by increasing awareness and putting strict rules to enhance the community to assume a safe driving and improve their skills
ABSTRACT
Background: Overweight in schools is a worrisome public health problem because they increase medium and long term risks of morbidity and mortality especially with an increased risk of persistence of obesity in adulthood
Aim: To estimate the prevalence of overweight among school children and to identify its associated risk factors
Methods: this is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among school students aged less than 18 years in the area of "Hazoua" [Tozeur]. The references of BMI used for overweight and obesity are those of IOTF. The French BMI references are used to establish the prevalence of underweight. Data entry and analysis was performed using SPSS 20
Results: Our sample included 445 students. The average BMI was 18.73 +/- 3.4 kg/m2. The prevalence of Underweight was 9.7%, while overweight and obesity have been reported among 6.7% of students. Overweight was significantly associated to gender and the practice of sport outside school
Conclusion: Obesity in schools in the community of Hazoua is now lower than that reported in other studies. In contrast, we detected a problem of underweight, which deserves as much attention. Intervention programs should be established and whose objectives are to improve students' skills in terms of eating behavior and physical activity, these actions require collaboration at all levels
ABSTRACT
Different spirometric criteria are recommended to diagnosis chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]: -American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society [ATS/ERS], Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD]: a post bronchodilator [PBD] ratio between the 1st second Forced Expiratory Volume and Forced Vital Capacity [FEV1/FVC] < 0.70; -Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand [ANZTS]: a PBD FEV1/FVC < 0.70 and a PBD FEV1 < 80%; -British Thoracic Society [BTS]: a before BD [BBD] FEV1/FVC < 0.70 and a BBD FEV1 < 80%; -Old criterion retained, till 2010, by the French Society of Pneumology [SPLF]: a PBD ratio between FEV1 and slow vital capacity < 0.70. To determine, according to the different recommendations, the percentage of smokers having COPD among a population of smokers of more than 40 Packets/Year [PY] addressed for plethysmography. The plethysmographic data of 531 consecutive stable male smokers that underwent reversibility testing [400 micro g of Salbutamol[registered sign]] were analyzed. The mean + - SD of age, cigarettes consumption, PBD FEV1 [%], were, respectively, 61 + - 11 Yr, 64 + - 20 PY and 52 + - 21%. The percentages of subjects having COPD according to the above criteria were 75.5% [SPLF old criterion]; 71.2% [ATS/ERS, GOLD]; 70.8% [BTS] and 69.7% [ANZTS]. The diagnosis of COPD depends on which guidelines are used for defining the disease. This forms a barrier to early diagnosis, affects public health decisions and wrong planning strategies
ABSTRACT
Study of endometrial thickness is central to the monitoring of ovulation in in vitro fecondation [IVF]. Actually, failures of in vitro fecundation are mainly due to implantation failure of embryo. To assess whether the endometrial thickness the day of the induction of ovulation influences or not the result of the IVF attempt. To determine the endometrial thickness for which the chances of pregnancy are the highest. To determine if there is any effect of the stimulation protocol or the gonadotrophin on the endometrial thickness. A retrospective study at the Reproductive Medicine-Unit of Farhat Hached teaching hospital, Sousse -Tunisia, concerning all the cases of IVF conducted the year 2008. A total of 414 cycles of IVF were studied. The rate of pregnancies in our series was 23%. There was not statistically significant relation-ship between the women's-age and the endometrial thickness; nor between the rate of the ?stradiol before the IVF trial and the endometrial thickness. The endometrial thickness after ovarian stimulation was significantly linked to the rate of FSH before the IVF attempt [P = 0.01]. The total rate of pregnancies was significantly linked to the endometrial thickness before the ovulation induction [P = 0.02]. The best rate of pregnancy was reached with an endometrial thickness >12 mm [43%] and the chances of success in that case were roughly 3 times higher than if the endometrial thickness was