ABSTRACT
Extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) are rare, low-grade and malignant transforming solitary tumors consisting of neoplastic plasma cell proliferation that occurs in the bones of the head and neck. Ninety percent of solitary EMPs occur in the head and neck region: these constitute, however, less than 1% of all head and neck malignancies. EMPs represent up to 4% of nonepithelial lesions of the upper respiratory tract. On initial presentations, they must be differentiated from multiple myeloma. At first, EMPs are frequently seen as masses or swellings, accompanied by nasal or pharyngeal symptoms. EMPs are of special interest to otolaryngologists, because the majority of these unusual tumors are present in soft tissues of the head and neck. We present the patient with EMPs of tonsil and adenoid and discuss the related literature on the presentation, epidemiology, workup and management of patient with this rare neoplasm.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adenoids , Epidemiology , Head , Multiple Myeloma , Neck , Palatine Tonsil , Plasma Cells , Plasmacytoma , Respiratory SystemABSTRACT
Tracheopathia osteoplastica (TO) is a rare clinical and pathologic benign condition that causes irregularity, narrowing and rigidity of the trachea and the main bronchi, characterized by multiple submucosal cartilaginous and osseous nodules of various sizes lining the upper respiratory tract. The treatment of TO diagnosed with CT and bronchoscopic biopsy is mostly supportive, and sometimes laser vaporization is used. We experienced a case of TO with severe obstructed airway that was treated by drilling.
Subject(s)
Biopsy , Bronchi , Laser Therapy , Respiratory System , TracheaABSTRACT
Verrucous carcinma is a variant of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Althousgh the tumor is well-documented in the oral cavity or larynx, its occurrence in the maxillary antrum is very rare. It of fa relatively nonaggressive tumor which seldom metastasizes to the neck or distantly With proper treatment, the prognosis is excellent. We have experienced a case of verrucous carcinoma arising in maxillary antrum which was sucessfully treated with maxillectomy. In this paper, we report this case with a review of literature.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Carcinoma, Verrucous , Larynx , Maxillary Sinus , Mouth , Neck , PrognosisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It is important to identify potential biomarkers of tumorigenesis that can be utilized on histologically normal epithelia to determine the level of risk of tumor development. With the goal of possibly identifying a biomarker for the process of development of head and neck cancer, the amplification of int-2 was observed in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fluorescence in situ hybridization using cosmid int-2 probe was performed on paraffin-embedded specimens from tumor and tumor-adjacent and tumor-distant epithelia of 20 patients. Buccal mucosa of cancer-free subjects who smoked and did not smoke cigarettes were used as control. Dot blot hybridization using digoxigenin-labeled int-2 probe was also performed on the frozen tissue from tumor and tumor-adjacent epithelia of 14 patients. RESULTS: In in situ hybridization, buccal epithelia of cancer-free subjects who smoked and did not smoke cigarettes, and tumor-distant epithelia of the patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma showed no int-2 amplification. However, eleven of tumor tissue (55%) and five of tumor-adjacent epithelia (25%) in 20 cases showed int-2 amplification. In dot blot hybridization, five tumor tissue (35.7%) and 2 tumor-adjacent epithelia (14.3%) in 14 cases, of which tumor tissue were all found to have int-2 amplification, showed int-2 amplification. CONCLUSION: The amplification of int-2 in the tumor tissue and the tumor-adjacent epithelia of the same cases supports the concept of field cancerization or clonal extension. Such genotype parameters may provide a genetic basis for the development of early recurrence or second primary tumors after therapeutic treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biomarkers , Carcinogenesis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Cosmids , Fluorescence , Genotype , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Head , In Situ Hybridization , Mouth Mucosa , Mucous Membrane , Neck , Recurrence , Smoke , Tobacco ProductsABSTRACT
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is a disorder of the skin and subcutaneous lesion of unknown cause. It is characterized by painless, vascular tumor-like nodules of various size, primarily affecting the head and neck region. The histological hallmark of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is a benign angiomatous or angioma-like proliferation within the background of the stroma, which is heavily infiltrated by lymphocytes and eosinophils, and includes lymphatic follicles with prominent germinal centers. The authors have recently experienced a case of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia in a 29-year old male who had painless and enlarging nodules in the nasal cavity and the buccal mucosa for a year. We present this case with the review of literatures.