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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 86(6): e2021, 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520197

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the visual acuity of healthy and amblyopic children using sweep visual evoked potential and compare the results with those of Snellen visual acuity testing. Methods: A total of 160 children aged 6-17 years were included in the study. Of these, 104 (65%) were aged 7-17 years old, able to verbally communicate, and did not have any systemic or ocular pathology (Group 1). Group 2 included 56 (35%) children aged 6-17 years, able to verbally communicate, and had strabismus or anisometropic amblyopia whose best corrected visual acuity was between 0.1 and 0.8. All subjects underwent a detailed ophthalmological examination and sweep visual evoked potential measurement. Demographic characteristics, ocular findings, best corrected visual acuity, and sweep visual evoked potential results were recorded. Results: In Group 1, the mean and maximum visual acuity values for sweep visual evoked potential were lower than the Snellen best corrected visual acuity (p<0.001, for both, respectively). Bland-Altman analysis revealed that in Group 1, the distribution of the differences between the Snellen best corrected visual acuity and mean sweep visual evoked potential visual acuity was ±0.11 logMAR, and the distribution of the differences between the Snellen best corrected visual acuity and maximum sweep visual evoked potential visual acuity was ±0.023 logMAR. In Group 2, the mean and maximum sweep visual evoked potential visual acuity were lower than the Snellen best corrected visual acuity (p<0.001 and p=0.009, respectively). Bland-Altman analysis revealed that the distribution of the differences between the Snellen best corrected visual acuity and mean sweep visual evoked potential visual acuity was ±0.16 logMAR, and the distribution of the differences between the Snellen best corrected visual acuity and maximum sweep visual evoked potential visual acuity was ±0.19 logMAR. Conclusions: Sweep visual evoked potential visual acuity measurements have comparable results with Snellen visual acuity measurements. This technique is an objective and reliable method for evaluating visual acuity in children.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a acuidade visual através de po­tenciais evocados visuais de varredura em crianças saudáveis e ambliópicas, comparando-a com a acuidade visual pelo teste de Snellen. Métodos: Foram incluídas no estudo 160 crianças com idades entre 6 e 17 anos. Desse total, 104 crianças (65%) estavam entre 7 e 17 anos de idade, eram capazes de comunicação verbal e não tinham nenhuma patologia ocular ou sistêmica (Grupo 1). O grupo 2 incluiu 56 crianças verbais (35%) com idades entre 6 e 17 anos e portadoras de estrabismo ou ambliopia anisometrópica, com a melhor acuidade visual corrigida entre 0,1 e 0,8. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a um exame oftalmológico detalhado e a uma medição do potencial evocado visual por varredura. Registraram-se as características demográficas, os achados oculares, a melhor acuidade visual corrigida e os resultados do potencial evocado visual por varredura. Resultados: No Grupo 1, os valores médios e máximos da acuidade visual pelo potencial evocado visual por varredura mostraram-se menores que a melhor acuidade visual corrigida medida através do teste de Snellen (p<0,001 para ambas as medições). Uma análise de Bland-Altman revelou que no grupo 1, a distribuição das diferenças entre a melhor acuidade visual corrigida pelo teste de Snellen e a média do potencial evocado visual por varredura foi de ± 0,11 logMAR, enquanto a distribuição das diferenças entre a melhor acuidade visual corrigida pelo teste de Snellen e o valor máximo do potencial evocado visual por varredura foi de ± 0,023 logMAR. No Grupo 2, os valores médio e máximo do potencial evocado visual por varredura mostraram-se menores que a melhor acuidade visual corrigida pelo teste de Snellen (respectivamente, p<0,001 e p=0,009). A análise de Bland-Altman revelou que a distribuição das diferenças entre a melhor acuidade visual corrigida pelo teste de Snellen e a média do potencial evocado visual por varredura foi de ± 0,16 logMAR, enquanto a distribuição das diferenças entre a melhor acuidade visual corrigida pelo teste de Snellen e o valor máximo do potencial evocado visual por varredura foi de ± 0,19 logMAR. Conclusões: As medidas da acuidade visual através do potencial evocado visual por varredura mostram resultados comparáveis às medidas da acuidade visual pelo teste de Snellen. Essa técnica é um método objetivo e confiável de se avaliar a acuidade visual em crianças.

2.
São Paulo med. j ; 137(1): 25-32, Jan.-Feb. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004741

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Exudative age-related macular degeneration (e-AMD) may cause severe central vision loss. Patients with e-AMD can experience difficulties in daily basic activities and suffer from psychological problems. Our aim was to assess quality of life (QoL) and anxiety and depression status among patients with e-AMD. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in a state university. METHODS: We included 200 e-AMD patients and 120 age and gender-matched controls. We assessed QoL using the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI-VFQ-25) and the Short Form (SF)-36 test; and anxiety and depression status using the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scales A and D (HADS-A and HADS-D). RESULTS: The mean ages in the e-AMD and control groups were 68.40 ± 9.8 and 66.31 ± 8.98, respectively. Visual acuity among e-AMD patients was 0.37 ± 0.31 and 0.39 ± 0.32 in the right and left eyes, respectively. The e-AMD patients performed significantly worse than the controls in NEI-VFQ-25 (P < 0.05 for all items). The proportions of e-AMD patients scoring higher than the cutoffs in HADS-A and HADS-D were significantly higher than among the controls (41.5% versus 12.5% and 63.5% versus 27.5%; P < 0.001). The e-AMD patients had significantly lower mean scores than the controls for each of the SF-36 QoL items (P < 0.001). The NEI-VFQ-25 scores were significantly lower among patients with bilateral e-AMD than among those with unilateral disease (P < 0.05 for all). The HADS scores were positively correlated with duration of e-AMD and patient age, but negatively with vision levels (P < 0.05 for all items). CONCLUSION: The e-AMD patients had higher depression and anxiety scores and lower QoL scores.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Anxiety/physiopathology , Quality of Life/psychology , Depression/physiopathology , Macular Degeneration/physiopathology , Macular Degeneration/psychology , Anxiety/psychology , Reference Values , Socioeconomic Factors , Vision Tests/methods , Severity of Illness Index , Visual Acuity/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Statistics, Nonparametric , Sickness Impact Profile , Depression/psychology
3.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 79(1): 15-18, Jan.-Feb. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-771899

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the pain responses of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) undergoing panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) using either pattern scan laser (PASCAL) or navigated laser photocoagulation (NAVILAS). Methods: Patients diagnosed with PDR were randomly assigned to undergo either PASCAL or NAVILAS photocoagulation treatment. PRP was performed using the multi-shot mode with a spot size of 200-400 µm and a pulse duration of 30 ms to obtain a white-grayish spot on the retina. Parameters were identical in both procedures. After 30 min of PRP application, patients were asked to verbally describe their pain perception as either "none," "mild," "moderate," "severe," or "very severe" using a verbal rating scale (VRS) and visual analog scale (VAS) by indicating a score from "0" to "10," representing the severity of pain from "no pain" to "severe pain." Results: A total of 60 eyes of 60 patients (20 females and 40 males) diagnosed with PDR were treated. The mean age of patients was 62.22 ± 9.19 years, and the mean diabetes duration was 195.47 ± 94.54 months. The mean number of laser spots delivered during PRP was 389.47 ± 71.52 in the NAVILAS group and 392.70 ± 54.33 in the PASCAL group (p=0.57). The difference in pain responses between patients in the NAVILAS and PASCAL groups was significant with regard to the mean VRS (1.10 ± 0.67 and 1.47 ± 0.69, respectively; p=0.042) and mean VAS (2.13 ± 1.17 and 2.97 ± 1.35, respectively; p=0.034) scores. Conclusions: Pain responses in patients undergoing PRP with a 30-ms pulse duration were significantly milder in the NAVILAS group than in the PASCAL group.


RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar as respostas de dor de pacientes com retinopatia diabética proliferativa (PDR) submetidos à panfotocoagulação retiniana (PRP) usando laser de padrão de varredura (PASCAL) ou fotocoagulação navegada a laser (NAVILAS). Métodos: Pacientes com diagnóstico de PDR foram aleatoriamente designados para submeter-se ao tratamento de fotocoagulação com PASCAL ou NAVILAS. A PRP foi realizada no modo "multi-shot" com diâmetro do laser de 200-400 µm e duração do pulso de 30 ms, utilizados para se obter uma mancha branca-acinzentada na retina. Os parâmetros foram idênticos em ambos os procedimentos. Após 30 minutos da PRP, os pacientes foram solicitados a descrever verbalmente a sua percepção da dor como quer "nenhuma," "leve," "moderada," "intensa" ou "dor muito intensa" por meio de uma escala de avaliação verbal (VRS) e também por meio de uma escala visual analógica (VAS), indicando uma pontuação de "0" a "10" representando a intensidade da dor de "nenhuma dor" a "dor intensa." Resultados: Um total de 60 olhos de 60 pacientes (20 mulheres e 40 homens) com diagnóstico de PDR foram tratados. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 62,22 ± 9,19 anos e a média de duração da diabete foi 195.47 ± 94,54 meses. O número médio de pulsos de laser emitidos durante a PRP foi 389,47 ± 71,52 no grupo NAVILAS e 392,70 ± 54,33 no grupo PASCAL (p=0,57). A diferença nas respostas de dor entre os pacientes nos grupos NAVILAS e PASCAL foi significativa em relação às médias de VRS (1,10 ± 0,67 e 1,47 ± 0,69; p=0,042) e VAS (2,13 ± 1,17 e 2,97 ± 1,35; p=0,034). Conclusões: As respostas de dor em pacientes submetidos à PRP com pulsos de 30 ms de duração foram significativamente menores nos pacientes do grupo NAVILAS em relação ao grupo PASCAL.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Diabetic Retinopathy/surgery , Eye Pain/prevention & control , Laser Coagulation/methods , Pain Measurement , Laser Coagulation/instrumentation , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Severity of Illness Index , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Visual Analog Scale
4.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 78(6): 376-378, Nov.-Dec. 2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-768177

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT A 27-year-old woman presented with a history of long-standing poor vision in both eyes. Ophthalmologic examination after pupillary dilatation revealed bilateral lens coloboma situated in the inferotemporal quadrant. No associated ocular abnormalities were seen, except amblyopia. A bicuspid aortic valve was observed during echocardiography during systemic evaluation. Lens coloboma usually occurs unilaterally; however, bilateral lens coloboma which is isolated or associated with other ocular malformations is also encountered. This is the first description of bilateral isolated lenticular coloboma associated with bicuspid aortic valve. Although the association between bicuspid aortic valve and lens coloboma may be an incidental finding, they may be components of an unknown syndrome.


RESUMO Uma mulher de 27 anos apresentou-se com uma história de longa data de deficiência visual em ambos os olhos. O exame oftalmológico após dilatação pupilar revelou coloboma de cristalino bilateral localizado no quadrante temporal inferior. Nenhuma outra alteração ocular associadas foi observada, exceto ambliopia. A valva aórtica bicúspide foi diagnosticada no exame de ecocardiograma durante a avaliação sistêmica. Coloboma cristaliniano ocorre geralmente de forma unilateral, no entanto já foi descrito bilateralmente, associado a outras malformações oculares ou isolado. Esta é a primeira descrição de coloboma cristaliniano isolado bilateral associado à valva aórtica bicúspide. Embora a associação de valva aórtica bicúspide e coloboma cristaliniano no nosso caso pode ter sido um achado incidental, eles podem ser componentes de uma síndrome desconhecida.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Aortic Valve/abnormalities , Coloboma/complications , Heart Valve Diseases/complications , Aortic Valve/physiopathology , Aortic Valve , Coloboma/physiopathology , Heart Valve Diseases/physiopathology , Heart Valve Diseases , Lens, Crystalline , Syndrome , Visual Acuity
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